Treatment Outcomes of Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis (XDR-TB) in Hong Kong

CHEST Journal ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 138 (4) ◽  
pp. 679A
Author(s):  
Eric C. Leung ◽  
Wing W. Yew ◽  
Chi C. Leung ◽  
Wai M. Leung ◽  
Cheuk M. Tam
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Drug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Extensively Drug Resistant ◽  
Mdr Tb

scholarly journals Cycloserine for Treatment of Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis in China: A Retrospective Observational Study

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Li ◽  
Fei Wang ◽  
Limin Wu ◽  
Min Zhu ◽  
Guiqing He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcome ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Drug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Extensively Drug Resistant ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
Culture Conversion

AbstractObjectivesCycloserine is crucial in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) treatment. Although extensive research has been carried out on MDR-TB, most researchers have not treated cycloserine in much detail. Therefore, we evaluate the efficacy and safety of cycloserine and seek to clarify the role of cycloserine for treatment of simple MDR-TB, pre-extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (pre-XDR-TB), and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB).Patients and methodsA retrospective observational study was performed in China. We determined the treatment outcome as the primary outcome for 144 cycloserine-treated and 181 cycloserine-nontreated patients according to the definitions of WHO. The proportion of patients with sputum-culture conversion and the frequency of adverse drug reactions related to cycloserine were assessed as well.ResultsAmong 325 MDR-TB patients, 144 were treated with cycloserine and 100 (69.4%) out of 144 successfully completed treatment. Compared with patients in non-cycloserine group, the hazard ratio of any unfavorable treatment outcome was 0.53 (95%CI: 0.35-0.81, P=0.003). Culture conversion rate at the intensive phase was similar whether cycloserine was administered or not (P=0.703). Of the 144 patients treated with cycloserine, a total of 16 (11.1%) patients experienced side-effects related to cycloserine, including 7 patients who discontinued cycloserine permanently.ConclusionsCycloserine could be an attractive agent to treat MDR-TB. Its safety profile warrants use in the most of MDR-TB cases. Cycloserine significantly improved the chance of favorable outcome for patients with simple MDR-TB but not pre-XDR-TB and XDR-TB. More aggressive regimens might be required for pre-XDR-TB or XDR-TB patients.

scholarly journals Draft Genome Sequences of Two Drug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates from Myanmar

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Htin Lin Aung ◽  
Thanda Tun ◽  
Elizabeth Permina ◽  
Wint Wint Nyunt ◽  
Si Thu Aung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Health Concerns ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Extensively Drug Resistant ◽  
Mdr Tb

Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and lately, extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB) are increasing global health concerns. Here, we present the genome sequences of two MDR-TB isolates from Myanmar, one of 27 countries with a high MDR-TB burden, and describe a number of mutations consistent with these being XDR-TB isolates.

scholarly journals Evolving rifampicin and isoniazid mono-resistance in a high multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis region: a retrospective data analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. e031663
Author(s):  
Nomonde Ritta Mvelase ◽  
Yusentha Balakrishna ◽  
Keeren Lutchminarain ◽  
Koleka Mlisana
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Diagnostic Algorithm ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Continuous Phase ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Drug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Extensively Drug Resistant ◽  
Kwazulu Natal ◽  
Mdr Tb

ObjectivesSouth Africa ranks among the highest drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) burdened countries in the world. This study assessed the changes in resistance levels in culture confirmed Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) in the highest burdened province of South Africa during a period where major changes in diagnostic algorithm were implemented.SettingThis study was conducted at the central academic laboratory of the KwaZulu-Natal province of South Africa.ParticipantsWe analysed data for all MTB cultures performed in the KwaZulu-Natal province between 2011 and 2014. The data were collected from the laboratory information system.ResultsOut of 88 559 drug susceptibility results analysed, 18 352 (20.7%) were resistant to rifampicin (RIF) and 19 190 (21.7%) showed resistance to isoniazid (INH). The proportion of rifampicin resistant cases that were mono-resistant increased from 15.3% in 2011 to 21.4% in 2014 while INH mono-resistance (IMR) showed a range between 13.8% and 21.1%. The multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) rates increased from 18.8% to 23.9% and the proportion of MDR-TB cases that had extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis remained between 10.2% and 11.1%. Most drug resistance was found in females between the ages of 15 and 44 years and the northern districts bordering high MDR-TB regions had the highest MDR-TB rates.ConclusionOur findings show increasing RIF mono-resistance (RMR) and a substantial amount of IMR. This highlights a need for an initial test that detects resistance to both these drugs so as to avoid using RIF monotherapy during continuous phase of treatment in patients with IMR. Furthermore, addition of INH will benefit patients with RMR. Although DR-TB is widespread, HIV and migration influence its distribution; therefore, TB control strategies should include interventions that target these aspects.

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