Respiratory Drive in Nonsmokers and Smokers Assessed by Passive Tilt and Mouth Occlusion Pressure

CHEST Journal ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.S. Chadha ◽  
E. Lang ◽  
S. Birch ◽  
M. A Sackner
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Drive ◽  
Occlusion Pressure ◽  
Mouth Occlusion Pressure

Effect of chest wall distortion on occlusion pressure and the preterm diaphragm

1983 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 359-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. N. LeSouef ◽  
J. M. Lopes ◽  
S. J. England ◽  
M. H. Bryan ◽  
A. C. Bryan
Keyword(s):  
Chest Wall ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
Respiratory Drive ◽  
Occlusion Pressure ◽  
Transdiaphragmatic Pressure ◽  
Airway Occlusion ◽  
Mouth Pressure ◽  
Gastric Pressure ◽  
Mouth Occlusion Pressure

We studied the effect of chest wall distortion (CWD) on transdiaphragmatic pressure (Pdi) and/or mouth pressure during end-expiratory airway occlusions in seven preterm infants. We measured mouth occlusion pressure (Pmo) with a face mask and pressure transducer, gastric pressure (Pga) with a fluid-filled catheter, diaphragmatic electromyogram (Edi) using surface electrodes, and rib cage and abdominal motion using magnetometers. We reasoned that Pdi = Pmo - Pga on airway occlusion. Periods with maximal and periods with minimal CWD were compared. We found that 1) when CWD was minimal, an increase in Edi produced an increase in Pmo and Pdi in all infants; when CWD was greatest, large increases in Edi produced no increase in Pmo or Pdi in four infants; 2) when breaths with the same Pmo or Pdi from each period in each infant were compared, those from the period with greatest CWD had an increased Edi (mean increase 76%, P less than 0.005, and 144%, P less than 0.01, for Pmo and Pdi, respectively). We conclude that in preterm infants, Pmo can be a poor indicator of respiratory drive, and CWD markedly limits the effectiveness of the diaphragm as a force generator.

Relationship between inspiratory drive and perceived inspiratory effort in normal man

1990 ◽  
Vol 78 (5) ◽  
pp. 493-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Clague ◽  
J. Carter ◽  
M. G. Pearson ◽  
P. M. A. Calverley
Keyword(s):  
Ventilatory Response ◽  
Free Breathing ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Inspiratory Effort ◽  
Respiratory Drive ◽  
Occlusion Pressure ◽  
Resistive Loading ◽  
Mouth Occlusion Pressure ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Induced Changes

1. To examine the relationship between the inspiratory effort sensation (IES) and respiratory drive as reflected by mouth occlusion pressure (P0.1) we have studied loaded and unloaded ventilatory responses to CO2 in 12 normal subjects. 2. The individual coefficient of variation of the effort sensation response to CO2 (IES/Pco2) between replicate studies was 21% and was similar to the variability of the ventilatory response (VE/Pco2) (18%) and the occlusion pressure response (P0.1/Pco2) (22%). 3. IES was well correlated with P0.1 (r >0.9) for both free-breathing and loaded runs. 4. Resistive loading reduced the ventilatory response to hypercapnia from 19.3 1 min−1 kPa−1 (sd 7.5) to 12.6 1 min−1 kPa−1 (sd 3.9) (P <0.01). IES and P0.1 responses increased with resistive loading from 2.28 (sd 0.9) to 3.15 (sd 1.1) units/kPa and 2.8 (sd 1.2) to 3.73 (sd 1.5) cmH2O/kPa, respectively (P <0.01). 5. Experimentally induced changes in Pco2 and respiratory impedance were accompanied by increases in IES and P0.1. We found no evidence that CO2 increased IES independently of its effect on respiratory drive.

Effects of acute exposure to high altitude on ventilatory drive and respiratory pattern

1984 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 1027-1031 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. K. Burki
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Minute Ventilation ◽  
Progressive Increase ◽  
Acute Exposure ◽  
Respiratory Pattern ◽  
Respiratory Drive ◽  
Occlusion Pressure ◽  
Ventilatory Pattern ◽  
Ventilatory Drive ◽  
Mouth Occlusion Pressure

To assess changes in ventilatory regulation in terms of central drive and timing, on exposure to high altitude, and the effects of induced hyperoxia at high altitude, six healthy normal lowland subjects (mean age 19.5 +/- 1.64 yr) were studied at low altitude (518 m) and on the first 4 days at high altitude (3,940 m). The progressive increase in resting expired minute ventilation (VE; control mean 9.94 +/- 1.78 to 14.25 +/- 2.67 l/min on day 3, P less than 0.005) on exposure to high altitude was primarily due to a significant increase in respiratory frequency (f; control mean 15.6 +/- 3.5 breaths/min to 23.8 +/- 6.2 breaths/min on day 3, P less than 0.01) with no significant change in tidal volume (VT). The increase in f was due to significant decreases in both inspiratory (TI) and expiratory (TE) time per breath; the ratio of TI to TE increased significantly (control mean 0.40 +/- 0.08 to 0.57 +/- 0.14, P less than 0.025). Mouth occlusion pressure did not change significantly, nor did the ratio of VE to mouth occlusion pressure. The acute induction of hyperoxia for 10 min at high altitude did not significantly alter VE or the ventilatory pattern. These results indicate that acute exposure to high altitude in normal lowlanders causes an increase in VE primarily by an alteration in central breath timing, with no change in respiratory drive. The acute relief of high altitude hypoxia for 10 min has no effect on the increased VE or ventilatory pattern.

Augmentation of CO2 drives by chlormadinone acetate, a synthetic progesterone

1984 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 1627-1632 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Kimura ◽  
F. Hayashi ◽  
A. Yoshida ◽  
S. Watanabe ◽  
I. Hashizume ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Minute Ventilation ◽  
Inspiratory Flow ◽  
Pressure Response ◽  
Respiratory Drive ◽  
Occlusion Pressure ◽  
Physiological Basis ◽  
Load Compensation ◽  
Chlormadinone Acetate ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Resistive Loading

We studied 10 male subjects who were administered chlormadinone acetate (CMA), a potent synthetic progesterone, to clarify the physiological basis of its respiratory effects. Arterial blood gas tension, resting ventilation, and respiratory drive assessed by ventilatory and occlusion pressure response to CO2 with and without inspiratory flow-resistive loading were measured before and 4 wk after CMA administration. In all subjects, arterial PCO2 decreased significantly by 5.7 +/- 0.6 (SE) Torr with an increase in minute ventilation by 1.8 +/- 0.6 l X min-1, whereas no significant changes were seen in O2 uptake. During unloaded conditions, both slopes of occlusion pressure and ventilatory response to CO2 increased, being statistically significant in the former but showing nonsignificant trends in the latter. Furthermore, inspiratory flow-resistive loading (16 cmH2O X l(-1) X s) increased both slopes more markedly after CMA. The magnitudes of load compensation, assessed by the ratio of loaded to unloaded slope of the occlusion pressure response curve, were increased significantly. We concluded CMA is a potent respiratory stimulant that increases the CO2 chemosensitivity and neuromechanical drives in the load-compensation mechanism.

The Relationship of Resting Ventilation to Mouth Occlusion Pressure

CHEST Journal ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
pp. 900-906 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham C. Scott ◽  
Nausherwan K. Burki
Keyword(s):  
Occlusion Pressure ◽  
Mouth Occlusion Pressure ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Airway Occlusion Pressure and Severity of liver Cirrhosis in Candidates for Liver Transplantation

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-115
Author(s):  
Delara Gholamipoor ◽  
Mohssen Nassiri-Toosi ◽  
Masumeh Azadi ◽  
Mehrnaz Asadi Gharabaghi
Keyword(s):  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Meld Score ◽  
Respiratory Drive ◽  
Occlusion Pressure ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
End Stage ◽  
The Relationship

BACKGROUND End-stage cirrhosis is an irreversible condition, and liver transplantation is the only treatment option in for the affected patients. Respiratory problems and abnormal breathing are common findings among these patients. In this study, for the first time, we examined the relationship between the severity of liver cirrhosis and respiratory drive measured by mouth occlusion pressure (P0.1). METHODS This was a cross-sectional study conducted on 50 candidates for liver transplantation who were referred to the pulmonary clinic of Imam Khomeini Hospital for pre-operative pulmonary evaluations. Arterial blood gas analysis (ABG), pulmonary function tests, and measurement of P0.1 were performed for all patients. The severity of liver disease was assessed using the Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score. RESULTS The median P0.1 was 5 cm H2 O. P0.1 was negatively associated with PaCO2 (r = -0.466, p = 0.001) and HCO3 - (r = -0.384, p = 0.007), and was positively correlated with forced expiratory volume at 1s (FEV1 )/ forced vital capacity (FVC) (r = 0.282, p = 0.047). There was a strong correlation between P0.1 and MELD score (r = 0.750, p < 0.001). Backward multivariate linear regression revealed that a higher MELD score and lower PaCO2 were associated with increased P0.1. CONCLUSION High levels of P0.1 and strong direct correlation between P0.1 and MELD score observed in the present study are suggestive of the presence of abnormal increased respiratory drive in candidates for liver transplantation, which is closely related to their disease severity.

Mouth Occlusion Pressure in Young Subjects with a Brief Smoking History

CHEST Journal ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 101 (4) ◽  
pp. 1183-1184
Author(s):  
Julio Marín ◽  
Máximo Pérez ◽  
Emilio Servera ◽  
Juan Díaz ◽  
Servicio de Neumología
Keyword(s):  
Smoking History ◽  
Occlusion Pressure ◽  
Young Subjects ◽  
Mouth Occlusion Pressure
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document