Measurement of Mucociliary Transport Velocity in the Intact Mucosa

CHEST Journal ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sawtantra K. Chopra ◽  
George V. Taplin ◽  
Daniel H. Simmons ◽  
Dennis Elam
Keyword(s):  
Mucociliary Transport ◽  
Transport Velocity ◽  
Intact Mucosa

Luffa Operculata Affects Mucociliary Function of the Isolated Frog Palate

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 353-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mônica Aidar Menon-Miyake ◽  
Regiani Carvalho de Oliveira ◽  
Geraldo Lorenzi-Filho ◽  
Paulo Hilário Nascimento Saldiva ◽  
Ossamu Butugan
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Medicine ◽  
Nasal Mucosa ◽  
Beat Frequency ◽  
Ciliary Beat Frequency ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mucociliary Transport ◽  
Transport Velocity ◽  
Mucociliary Function ◽  
Frog Palate ◽  
Ciliary Beat

Background Luffa operculata is a medicinal plant used in homeopathic and alternative medicine. In the United States, it is sold in a purified spray form, whereas a homemade L. operculata dry fruit infusion (DFI) is commonly used in Latin America. The L. operculata DFI is applied intranasally, inducing profuse mucous secretion and relieving nasal symptoms. Nevertheless, this medication may cause irritation of the nasal mucosa, as well as epistaxis or anosmia. Given the growing popularity of alternative medicine, a decision was made to evaluate the effects of this substance on mucous membranes. Methods The effects of L. operculata DFI on mucociliary transport velocity, ciliary beat frequency, and transepithelial potential difference (PD) were evaluated in an isolated frog palate preparation. We tested 46 palates immediately before immersion and again at 5 and 20 minutes after immersion. Four groups (n = 10) were tested in frog Ringer: control; L. operculata DFI, 60 mg/L; 600 mg/L; and 1200 mg/L. An additional group was tested using L. operculata DFI prepared with water (600 mg/L of H2O, n = 6). Epithelial samples were harvested for ultrastructural study. Results In treated palates, mucociliary transport velocity and ciliary beat frequency decreased significantly (p < 0.001 and p < 0.008, respectively). There was a dose-dependent decrease in PD modulus (p < .007). Our PD findings indicated ion-fluid transport abnormalities, which were confirmed by transmission electron microscopy that showed enlargement of interepithelial spaces. Conclusion In this ex vivo model, the L. operculata DFI infusion promoted significant changes in the mucociliary function of the epithelium, suggesting that it is potentially noxious to human nasal mucosa.

scholarly journals Effect of Leukotriene D4 on Tracheal Mucociliary Transport Velocity in Quails

1996 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shusheng Tai ◽  
Hirofumi Kai ◽  
Yoichiro Isohama ◽  
Kazuo Takahama ◽  
Takeshi Miyata
Keyword(s):  
Mucociliary Transport ◽  
Leukotriene D4 ◽  
Transport Velocity

Measurement of Mucociliary Transport Velocity in Ventilated Patients

CHEST Journal ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 102 (5) ◽  
pp. 1377-1383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franz Konrad ◽  
Torsten Schreiber ◽  
Adolf Grünert ◽  
Malte Clausen ◽  
Friedrich Wilhelm Ahnefeld
Keyword(s):  
Mucociliary Transport ◽  
Transport Velocity ◽  
Ventilated Patients

Early alterations in airway mucociliary clearance and inflammation of the lamina propria in CF mice

1997 ◽  
Vol 272 (3) ◽  
pp. C853-C859 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Zahm ◽  
D. Gaillard ◽  
F. Dupuit ◽  
J. Hinnrasky ◽  
D. Porteous ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Lamina Propria ◽  
Mucociliary Clearance ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Mucociliary Transport ◽  
Transmembrane Conductance Regulator ◽  
Transmembrane Conductance ◽  
Tracheal Mucosa ◽  
Transport Velocity ◽  
Open Question

In cystic fibrosis (CF), whether cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) dysfunction leads to decreased mucociliary clearance and mucus hypersecretion, before bacterial infection, remains an open question. To answer this question, we quantified in a blind trial the mucociliary transport velocity, the histological state, and the degree of inflammation of the tracheal mucosa in 23 cftr(m1HGU/cftr(m1HGU) transgenic mice (Dorin, J. R., P. Dickinson, E. W. F. W. Alton, S. N. Smith, D. M. Geddes, B. J. Stevenson, W. L. Kimber, S. Fleming, A. R. Clark, M. L. Hooper, L. Anderson, R. S. P. Beddington, and D. J. Porteous. Nature Lond. 359: 211-215, 1992) and in 30 control littermates housed in pathogen-free conditions. The nasal and tracheal transepithelial potential difference (PD) measured in basal conditions was significantly more negative in the cftr(m1HGU) mutant mice as compared with the control mice (nasal PD: -7.1 +/- 0.6 and -4.6 +/- 0.5 mV, respectively, P < 0.01; tracheal PD: -30.8 +/- 2.1 and -21.4 +/- 1.8 mV, respectively, P < 0.04). In the cftr(m1HGU)/cftr(m1HGU) mice, the mucociliary transport velocity was significantly lower (14.2 +/- 4.4 microm/mm, P < 0.04) compared with the control mice (30.6 +/- 5.9 microm/mm). The number of inflammatory cells in the lamina propria was significantly higher in the cftr(m1HGU)/cftr(m1HGU) mice (1048.7 +/- 124.7 cells/mm2, P < 0.03) compared with the control mice (640.5 +/- 58.2 cells/mm2). These results suggest that in CF, decreased airway mucociliary clearance and airway submucosal inflammation represent early alterations, before any airway infection.

scholarly journals Effects of BNO 1016 on ciliary transport velocity and cell culture surface liquid height of sinonasal epithelial cultures

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan D. Workman ◽  
Ivy W. Maina ◽  
Vasiliki Triantafillou ◽  
Neil N. Patel ◽  
Charles C. L. Tong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mucociliary Transport ◽  
Liquid Height ◽  
Transport Velocity ◽  
Culture Surface ◽  
Surface Liquid ◽  
Bno 1016 ◽  
Dose Dependent Increase ◽  
Dose Dependent

Abstract Background BNO 1016 is an ethanolic extract of a mixture of five herbs that has been sold in different formulations for decades in the European market and more recently, in the United States market as an over-the-counter treatment for rhinosinusitis. Previous studies indicated activation of chloride secretion and increase in ciliary beat frequency by BNO 1016 but the functional consequences on mucociliary transport velocity and airway surface liquid homeostasis are unknown. This study intends to examine the effects of BNO 1016 on these properties in vitro. Results Human sinonasal epithelial cells were grown at an air-liquid interface, with addition of BNO 1016 basolaterally in each experiment. Polystyrene fluorescent microspheres were added to the apical surface of the culture, and distance traveled across the surface of the culture over a fixed time period was measured using live imaging. BNO 1016 concentrations of 50 μg/ml and 500 μg/ml were tested. Basolateral application of compound resulted in a non-dose-dependent increase in culture surface liquid height compared to controls at 30 min, and this effect persisted through the one-hour duration of the experiment (p < 0.01). Basolateral application of BNO 1016 also resulted in a non-dose-dependent increase in microsphere transport velocity at 45 and 60 min following compound application (p < 0.01). Conclusions Basolateral application of BNO 1016 at a concentration mimicking post-ingestion serum levels appears to elicit increases in cell culture surface liquid height and mucociliary clearance, as assessed by microsphere transport velocity. These properties can potentially be leveraged for therapeutic efficacy in diseases affecting mucus production and mucociliary transport.

Sediment transport over fixed deposited beds in sewers - An appraisal of existing models

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 123-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Nalluri ◽  
A. K. El-Zaemey ◽  
H. L. Chan
Keyword(s):  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Transport Equations ◽  
Design Criterion ◽  
Pipe Diameter ◽  
Transport Velocity

An appraisal of the existing sediment transport equations was made using May et al (1989) and Ackers (1991) sediment transport equations for the limit of deposition design criterion and with a deposit depth of 1% of the pipe diameter allowed in the sewers. The applicability of those equations for sewers with larger fixed bed deposit depth was assessed, the equations generally over-estimated the transport velocity. Modifications were made to enable the equations to apply to sewers with large fixed bed deposits present.

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