Successful Eradication of a Drug Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Outbreak in a Medical-Surgical ICU Using Ultraviolet Light in Addition to Other Infection Control Measures

CHEST Journal ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 140 (4) ◽  
pp. 274A
Author(s):  
Deb Paul-Cheadle ◽  
Mujaheda Abbas
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Ultraviolet Light ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Surgical Icu

scholarly journals Intensified Infection Control Measures to Minimize the Spread of Colistin-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 445-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anucha Apisaranthanarak ◽  
Sassinuch Rujanavech ◽  
Pornpong Luxamesathaporn ◽  
Linda M. Mundy
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Infection Control Measures

scholarly journals Effects of infection control measures on acquisition of five antimicrobial drug-resistant microorganisms in a tetanus intensive care unit in Vietnam

2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 661-671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constance Schultsz ◽  
Martinus C. J. Bootsma ◽  
Huynh T. Loan ◽  
Tran T. T. Nga ◽  
Le T. P. Thao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Antimicrobial Drug ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Infection Control Measures

scholarly journals Subtypes, resistance and virulence platforms in extended-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Romanian isolates

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Gheorghe ◽  
Ilda Czobor Barbu ◽  
Marius Surleac ◽  
Ionela Sârbu ◽  
Laura Ioana Popa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Ambulatory Patients ◽  
Severe Infections ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
Sequence Types

AbstractAcinetobacter baumannii has emerged worldwide as a dominant pathogen in a broad range of severe infections, raising an acute need for efficient antibacterials. This is the first report on the resistome and virulome of 33 extended drug-resistant and carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii (XDR CRAB) strains isolated from hospitalized and ambulatory patients in Bucharest, Romania. A total of 33 isolates were collected and analyzed using phenotypic antibiotic susceptibility and conjugation assays, PCR, whole-genome sequencing (WGS), pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and MultiLocus Sequence Typing (MLST). All isolates were extensively drug-resistant (XDR), being susceptible only to colistin. The carbapenem resistance was attributed by PCR mainly to blaOXA-24 and blaOXA-23 genes. PFGE followed by MLST analysis demonstrated the presence of nine pulsotypes and six sequence types. WGS of seven XDR CRAB isolates from healthcare-associated infections demonstrated the high diversity of resistance genes repertoire, as well as of mobile genetic elements, carrying ARGs for aminoglycosides, sulphonamides and macrolides. Our data will facilitate the understanding of resistance, virulence and transmission features of XDR AB isolates from Romanian patients and might be able to contribute to the implementation of appropriate infection control measures and to develop new molecules with innovative mechanisms of action, able to fight effectively against these bugs, for limiting the spread and decreasing the infection rate and mortality.

scholarly journals Decreasing Prevalence of Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter Baumannii in Rīga East University Hospital / Multirezistentās Acinetobacter Baumannii Izplatības Mazināšanās Rīgas Austrumu Klīniskajā Universitātes Slimnīcā

2016 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 232-236
Author(s):  
Māris Liepiņš ◽  
Raimonds Sīmanis ◽  
Aivars Lejnieks
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Venous Catheter ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Central Venous ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Time Period

Abstract There has been an increasing tendency of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO), including multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (MDRAB), in the Rīga East University Hospital (REUH) during the last decade. Over the last two years (2014-2015), this tendency has reversed and the prevalence of MDRAB has decreased considerably. In this study we assessed the prevalence of MDRAB in intensive care units (ICUs), internal medicine, surgery units and analysed antibiotic sensitivity profiles. In addition, we determined if current infection control measures are preventing further increase of infections caused by MDRAB in REUH. Retrospective Acinetobacter baumannii prevalence data were collected for the period from 2009 until 2012. For the time period from the beginning of 2013 until 2015, after implementing such infection control measures as control of compliance to hand hygiene guidelines, a review of central venous catheter insertion protocols and regular search for sources of MDRAB in hospital environment, prospective follow-up of new cases was conducted. Antimicrobial sensitivity profiles were assessed for the period from 2013 until 2015. Data were processed with the statistical software WHONET 5.5. Bacteria identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing were performed by VITEK 2 compact, BioMerieux, France. The prevalence of MDRAB in the period 2009 to 2013 increased from 71 to 217 cases per year, but from between 2013 (time of implementing infection control measures) and 2015 it decreased to 113 cases in 2015. In the three year period (2013-2015), the proportion of MDRAB causing bloodstream infections (BSI) and central nervous system infections (CNSI) was 15.85% from all identified MDRAB cases. Of the 113 MDRAB infections diagnosed in 2015, BSI was found in 16.81% cases (n = 19). Antibiotic resistance testing showed that colistin is the most effective drug against MDRAB. The majority of Acinetobacter baumannii isolates were resistant to Ampicillin/Sulbactam, Piperacillin/Tazobactam, Ceftazidime, Cefepime, Imipenem, Meropenem, Amikacin, Gentamicin, Tobramycin, and Ciprofloxacin. Over the last two years (2014-2015), prevalence of MDRAB infections decreased considerably. In the time period from 2013 to 2014, resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii increased to imipenem, ciprofloxacin and colistin, while decreased slightly to amikacin. Rigorous infection control measures, such as identification and elimination of new MDRAB sources in environment, review of the central venous catheter insertion protocol and improvements in hand hygiene, are crucial for decreasing distribution of and invasive infections caused by MDRAB in the hospital environment.

Completely Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Strains

2002 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 477-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siham Mahgoub ◽  
Jimi Ahmed ◽  
Aaron E. Glatt
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Chart Review ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Infection Control Measures

Abstract Nosocomially acquired completely resistant Acinetobacter baumannii strains are a major clinical concern. We identified completely resistant A. baumannii in 6 (4.9%) of 122 A. baumannii isolates in a retrospective chart review at two teaching hospitals. All of these patients had received broad-spectrum antibiotics and had severe underlying comorbid illnesses, long hospitalizations, or recent surgical procedures; 3 had been in the intensive care unit. Five (83%) of the 6 patients were older than 70 years. Only one death occurred. Strict infection control measures may limit further spread.

scholarly journals Whole-Genome Sequencing Elucidates Epidemiology of Nosocomial Clusters of Acinetobacter baumannii

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (9) ◽  
pp. 2391-2394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanie Willems ◽  
Stefanie Kampmeier ◽  
Stefan Bletz ◽  
Annelene Kossow ◽  
Robin Köck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Core Genome ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Clonal Spread

We characterized two epidemiologically similarAcinetobacter baumanniiclusters from two separate intensive care units (ICU) using core genome multilocus sequence typing. Clonal spread was confirmed in ICU-1 (12 of 14 isolates shared genotypes); in ICU-2, all genotypes (13 isolates) were diverse, thus excluding transmissions and enabling adequate infection control measures.

scholarly journals TB Risk Perceptions among Medical Residents at a Tertiary Care Center in India

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geeta S. Pardeshi ◽  
Dileep Kadam ◽  
Ajay Chandanwale ◽  
Andrea Deluca ◽  
Pranali Khobragade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Medical Residents ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
Infection Control Guidelines ◽  
Tb Infection Control

Setting. Government tertiary health care center in India.Objective. To understand the perceptions of medical residents about their risk of developing TB in the workplace.Design. Cross-sectional study in which a semistructured questionnaire which included an open-ended question to assess their main concerns regarding TB in workplace was used to collect data.Results. Out of 305 resident doctors approached, 263 (94%) completed a structured questionnaire and 200 of these responded to an open-ended question. Daily exposure to TB was reported by 141 (64%) residents, 13 (5%) reported a prior history of TB, and 175 (69%) respondents were aware of TB infection control guidelines. A majority reported concerns about acquiring TB (78%) and drug-resistant TB (88%). The key themes identified were concerns about developing drug-resistant TB (n=100; 50%); disease and its clinical consequences (n=39; 20%); social and professional consequences (n=37; 19%); exposure to TB patients (n=32; 16%); poor infection control measures (n=27; 14%); and high workload and its health consequences (n=16; 8%).Conclusion. Though many resident doctors were aware of TB infection control guidelines, only few expressed concern about lack of TB infection control measures. Doctors need to be convinced of the importance of these measures which should be implemented urgently.

scholarly journals Incidence of ventilator associated pneumonia and drug-resistant bacterial preponderance: a fact to ponder

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 3160
Author(s):  
Johny G. Asir ◽  
Vidya Jayasekaran ◽  
Vadivu Shanmugam ◽  
Sujitha Elan ◽  
Reba Kanungo
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
P Value ◽  
Ventilator Associated Pneumonia ◽  
Environmental Surveillance ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
One Year ◽  
Extensively Drug Resistance

Background: Management of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in critically ill patients is a challenge to intensivists. This study aimed at identifying microbial factors and infection control practices that influenced incidence of VAP in a tertiary care hospital.Methods: Incidence of VAP among patients admitted to the intensive care units (ICU) from January to December 2016 was estimated. A one year period of study was divided into 3 segments of January to April, May to August, and September to December. Isolation rates of Gram Negative Bacteria (GNB) from respiratory samples and their extensively drug resistance (XDR) pattern were also analyzed.Results: A total of 14 patients had developed VAP. Incidence of VAP in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd segments of the year was 25.3, 15.2 and 4.1/1000 ventilator days respectively. Acinetobacter baumannii was the causative agent in all patients (100%). Among all GNB isolated the rate of Acinetobacter baumannii was 83%, 64%, 59% during the 3 segments of the year. XDR strains were 76%, 62% and 55%. Interventional factors like improvement in infection control practices which included hand hygiene, cohorting of MDR/XDR infected patients and environmental surveillance was noted.Conclusions: The VAP incidence declined in the later part of the year than the earlier (25.3 Vs 4.1/1000 ventilator days), with a notable decrease in the isolation of Acinetobacter baumannii (p value-0.005) and XDR organisms (p value-0.01). Directly proportionate association of VAP incidence with microbial factors were noted. Infection control measures to curtail MDR organisms should be an important component in the management of patients on ventilators.

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