scholarly journals A Case Study of Trichotillomania With Social Phobia: Treatment and 4-Year Follow-up Using Cognitive–Behaviour Therapy

2007 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 231-243
Author(s):  
Zhila Javidi ◽  
Malcolm Battersby ◽  
Angus Forbes
Keyword(s):  
Social Phobia ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Exposure And Response Prevention ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Improved Outcomes ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour

AbstractThis article describes a case study that demonstrates an innovative combination of predominantly behavioural techniques in the treatment of trichotillomania (TTM) preceded by social phobia. Outcomes are reported to 4-year follow-up. A master's qualified cognitive–behavioural nurse therapist administered the course of treatment over 1 year and followed the client for 4 years. A combination of exposure and response prevention, habit reversal and serial photography for TTM urges, exposure for social phobia, cognitive restructuring and problem solving were utilised. These treatments were provided sequentially and concurrently. Pre and posttreatment and repeated outcome measures were applied in three domains. The client received a total of 23 treatment sessions over 1 year and follow-up over 4 years. During treatment, discharge and follow-up improved outcomes in TTM and social phobia were achieved and maintained at 4 years. Benefits accrued beyond the presenting conditions to have a major positive impact on the client's life. Theoretical implications for the classification of TTM are discussed.

Cognitive behavioural therapy in the treatment of social skills deficits and social phobia in a man with an autism spectrum disorder: a single-case study

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A. Turner ◽  
Neil Hammond
Keyword(s):  
Social Skills ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Social Phobia ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Single Case Study ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural

AbstractAutism spectrum disorders (ASD) including high-functioning types such as Asperger's syndrome (AS) are diagnosed when there is evidence of a triad of qualitative impairments in social interaction, communication, and stereotyped/repetitive behaviours. It is not uncommon for these impairments to be accompanied by social anxiety. The present single-case study investigates the use of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) to treat a 47-year-old man who was assessed as having difficulties with social skills and social phobia in the context of a late diagnosis of AS. He received 20 h of CBT adapted for his AS in 15 sessions including a 1-month follow-up. Following a highly individualized formulation, treatment included modelling, role-playing, reinforcement, thought challenging, and behavioural experimentation. Results from five self-report measures showed continued improvements from the start of therapy to follow-up in social anxiety, global distress, depression and self-esteem. The client gave positive feedback about his experience of treatment. The case study is discussed with reference to limitations and some reflections for CBT in ASD.

Looking After Me Looking After You: using positive cognitive behavioural techniques to improve emotional well-being

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. E. Bhutani
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Systematic Investigation ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour ◽  
Positive Experiences ◽  
Mental Well Being ◽  
Further Development

AbstractStress and anxiety have been identified as among the most common reasons for sickness absence. Therefore, timely work-based well-being interventions are needed. Strengths-based Cognitive-Behaviour Therapy (CBT) approaches are of benefit therapeutically. Guided imagery approaches enable individuals utilize previous positive experiences and construct positive future templates potentially increasing the likelihood of better outcomes. One hundred and seventeen participants from a health service clinical/corporate environment participated in the Looking After Me Looking After You (LAMLAY) programme. It comprised three 3-hour or four 2-hour sessions weekly. Positive imagery and strengths-based cognitive-behavioural approaches were delivered via participant exercises and didactically. Completion rate was 77.8%; seventy-five participants (83% of completers) completed the Warwick–Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale (WEMWBS) pre-course (mean 46.4) and post-course (mean 52.4). Significant improvements in well-being were obtained (t = 9.32, d.f. = 74, p<0.0001, d = 0.82). An online follow-up survey demonstrated sustained improved scores on the WEMWBS (F2,223 = 17.04, p<0.001, η = 0.13). Satisfaction ratings indicated high approval levels. Participants’ well-being improved at the end of the LAMLAY programme and was sustained at follow-up. The potential impact of LAMLAY and the potential to deliver cost-effective benefits is discussed. Further development work is required including more systematic investigation over a longer term.

An Evaluation of Cognitive-Behaviour Therapy for Depression in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis

1984 ◽  
Vol 145 (4) ◽  
pp. 366-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nora A. Larcombe ◽  
Peter H. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Condition Assessment ◽  
Waiting List ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour ◽  
Pre Treatment

SummaryTwenty depressed multiple sclerotic patients were randomly allocated either to cognitive-behaviour therapy or to a waiting list control condition. Assessment of depressive symptoms was conducted at pre-treatment, post-treatment, and a four-week follow-up. In comparison to the waiting list control condition, cognitive-behaviour therapy was found to result in clinically and statistically significant improvement on most measures. Although the mechanism by which such treatment achieves its effects is unclear, these results clearly support the use of cognitive-behavioural treatments for depression in this population.

Depression, Anxiety and Self-esteem: A Clinical Field Study

2002 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise A. Nisbet Wallis
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Therapy Group ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Central Coast ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour

AbstractThe Cognitive Behavioural Therapy Group Program at Central Coast Mental Health Specialty Clinics includes treatments for generalised anxiety disorder, panic disorder and depression. This study provides empirical validation for hypotheses developed in clinical controlled studies; that is, that cognitive-behaviour therapy provided benefits in the treatment of anxiety and depression in a service setting. This would be reflected in decreases in the symptoms of anxiety and depression and increased self-esteem. Participants (N = 139) were referred to Specialty Clinics, Central Coast Mental Health Services for treatment for depression and/or anxiety in CBT groups. They were tested on the BDI, STAI and the SERS at three time points, prior to entering the group, at termination of the group and at 3-month follow-up. Depression and anxiety symptoms decreased and self-esteem increased between pre- and post-group and the trends continued to 3-month follow-up.

Psychiatric social work intervention with a person with severe depression based on cognitive behavioural case work approach: A case study

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Kelhouletuo Keyho ◽  
Nilesh Maruti Gujar ◽  
Arif Ali ◽  
Kamlesh Kumar Sahu
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Single Subject ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour ◽  
Work Intervention ◽  
Case Work ◽  
Psychiatric Social Work

Background: Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is a widely recognized and accepted approach of treatment for depression. Aim: To examine the application of case work based on a cognitive behavioural approach concerning working with a client experiencing severe depression. Methodology: The single-subject case study design was adopted. Based on the assessment, psychiatric social work intervention was provided to client and family members. Pre and post assessment was done to see the effectiveness of psychiatric social work intervention in person with depression. Assessments were done using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSE), Bradford Somatic Inventory (BSI), and Family Assessment Proforma. Results: Client’s level of understanding about the illness was improved and the depressive symptoms were significantly reduced along with somatic complaints. Conclusion: The outcome of the case study approves that the cases with depression can be effectively seen using cognitive behavioural case work approach along with pharmacological treatment. Keywords: Depression, cognitive behaviour therapy, psychosocial, social work intervention

Cognitive Behavioural Treatment of Perfectionism: A Single Case Experimental Design Series

2008 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 245-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah J. Egan ◽  
Paula Hine
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Behavioural Treatment ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Treatment ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour ◽  
Clinically Significant

AbstractPerfectionism can maintain depression, anxiety and eating disorders, yet few studies have evaluated treatments for perfectionism. This study examined the effectiveness of individual cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) in treating perfectionism in four adults with a diagnosis of either an anxiety disorder or depression. The study used an A-B single case experimental design series with follow-up, and a 3-week pre- and postbaseline phase. Treatment involved 8 sessions and a 2-week follow-up session. Visual inspection of data revealed downward trends in overall perfectionism and clinically significant decreases in perfectionism for two participants. No clinically significant reductions were observed in depressive or anxious symptomatology. CBT for perfectionism warrants further investigation.

scholarly journals Prescribing where there is a comorbid presentation of anxiety and depression: a case study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (8) ◽  
pp. 442-448
Author(s):  
Andy Young
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Excellence ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Good Evidence ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
External Pressures ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

This case study considers a complex presentation of anxiety with associated depression, and describes a stepped approach to care and treatment, as advocated by the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. The classification of mental disorders is referred to in the case study. Mixed anxiety and depression is a common presentation in primary care, characterised by a mix of anxiety and depressive symptoms without clear prominence of any one type and the presence of one or more physical symptoms that are present for more than six months. Anxiolytic medication is often used as a first aid measure in anxiety, and is very useful and appropriate for this. However, it is quite difficult to assess the longer-term effectiveness of these drugs, as anxiety tends to vary for reasons other than drug treatment, such as external pressures. There is good evidence to support the efficacy of psychological interventions in anxiety spectrum disorders. Consequently, self help and cognitive behaviour therapy may be the first line of treatment for less severe cases and can be used in conjunction with medication.

A Graded Exposure Intervention for Distressing Visual Hallucinations in Schizophrenia

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 495-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul O'Brien ◽  
Louise Johns
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Model ◽  
Individual Case ◽  
Visual Hallucinations ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Threat Appraisals ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour ◽  
Graded Exposure

Background: Distressing visual hallucinations (VH) are frequently present in schizophrenia. Despite their prevalence, limited research exists regarding effective clinical interventions. Cognitive models of VH state that distress results from threat appraisals of the hallucination. Method: This individual case study describes the use of a graded exposure approach following the discovery of phobic anxiety associated with visual hallucinatory content. Treatment involved 20 sessions of individual cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT), of which 12 sessions focused on graded exposure. Results: A reduction in frequency of visions and associated distress was reported and these changes were maintained at a 3-month follow-up. Conclusions: The findings are consistent with the cognitive model of VH. Through exposure to the hallucinatory content, the client re-appraised her VH as non-threatening, and her fear of them reduced. This reduction in anxiety led to a decrease in the occurrence of the VH.

Cognitive Behaviour Therapy For Auditory Hallucinations Without Concurrent Medication: A Single Case

1994 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony P. Morrison
Keyword(s):  
Single Case ◽  
Auditory Hallucinations ◽  
Behavioural Intervention ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
End Of Treatment ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Intervention ◽  
Concurrent Medication

A 38 year old patient with auditory hallucinations was treated with a brief cognitive-behavioural intervention without concurrent medication. This intervention was based upon the theory of Bentall (1990a, b) and the methods of Haddock, Bentall and Slade (1993). The patient's ratings for frequency of hallucinations and distress caused were significantly reduced at end of treatment, and her belief in the reality of these voices was correspondingly diminished. These gains were maintained at one and three month follow-up.

Individual Versus Group Family-Focused Cognitive–Behaviour Therapy for Childhood Anxiety: Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial

2007 ◽  
Vol 41 (12) ◽  
pp. 990-997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jules de Groot ◽  
Vanessa Cobham ◽  
Joyce Leong ◽  
Brett McDermott
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Relative Effectiveness ◽  
Childhood Anxiety ◽  
Behavioural Intervention ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Cognitive Behaviour ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural Intervention

Objective: The aim of the present study was to compare the relative effectiveness of group and individual formats of a family-focused cognitive–behavioural intervention, for the treatment of childhood anxiety disorders. Method: Twenty-nine clinically anxious children aged between 7 and 12 years were randomly allocated to either individual cognitive–behaviour therapy (ICBT) or group cognitive–behaviour therapy (GCBT). Results: At post-treatment assessment 57% of children in the ICBT condition no longer met criteria for any anxiety disorder, compared to 47% of children in the GCBT condition. At 3 month follow up these improvements were retained with some weakening. By the 6 month follow up 50% of children in the ICBT compared to 53% of children in the GCBT condition were anxiety diagnosis free. In terms of questionnaire data, no significant differences were detected between the ICBT and GCBT conditions at any of the follow-up points. However, a significant treatment effect for time was found, with both self-reports and parent reports indicating a significant reduction over time in anxiety symptoms. Conclusion: Overall, results suggest that children with anxiety disorders appear to improve following a family-focused cognitive behavioural intervention, regardless of individual or group administration. The interpretation and potential clinical implications of these findings are discussed, together with the limitations of this study and suggestions for future research.

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