scholarly journals Discovery and Validation of Plasma-Protein Biomarker Panels for the Detection of Colorectal Cancer and Advanced Adenoma in a Danish Collection of Samples from Patients Referred for Diagnostic Colonoscopy

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
John E. Blume ◽  
Michael Wilhelmsen ◽  
Ryan W. Benz ◽  
Nils Brünner ◽  
Ib J. Christensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Plasma Protein ◽  
Advanced Adenoma ◽  
Diagnostic Colonoscopy ◽  
Protein Biomarker

Opportunistic Colorectal Cancer Screening using Colonoscopy. Comparative Results between two Historical Cohorts in Bucharest, Romania

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Mirela Ionescu ◽  
Tudor Nicolaie ◽  
Serban Ion Gologan ◽  
Ana Mocanu ◽  
Cristina Ditescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Advanced Adenoma ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Organized Screening Program ◽  
History Of ◽  
Comparative Results ◽  
Asymptomatic Individuals ◽  
Second Period

Background & Aims: Even though Romania has one of the highest incidence and mortality in colorectal cancer (CRC) in Europe, there is currently no organized screening program. We aimed to assess the results of our opportunistic CRC screening using colonoscopy.Methods: A single center retrospective study to include all opportunistic screening colonoscopies performed in two 18 month periods (2007-2008 and 2012-2013) was designed. All asymptomatic individuals without a personal or family history of adenoma or CRC and with complete colonoscopy performed in these two time periods were included.Results: We included 1,807 individuals, 882 in the first period, 925 in the second period. There were 389 individuals aged below 50, 1,351 between 50 and 75 and 67 older than 75 years. There were 956 women (52.9%), with a mean age of 58.5 (median 59, range 23-97). The detection rates were 12.6% for adenomas (6.1% for advanced adenoma) and 3.4% for adenocarcinoma. Adenoma incidence (4.9% in subjects under 50, 14.7% in those aged 50 to 75, and 16.4% in those older than 75, p<0.0001) and size (6.3mm in subjects younger than 50, 9.2mm in those 50 to 75 and 10.8mm in those older than 75, p=0.015) significantly increased with age. Adenoma incidence increased in the second period (14.8% vs. 10.3%, p=0.005), while adenoma size decreased in the second period (8.4mm vs. 10mm, p=0.006). There were no procedure related complications.Conclusions: The neoplasia detection rate was 16% (12.6% adenoma, 3.4% adenocarcinoma). Adenoma incidence and size increased with age in both cohorts. In the second screening period significantly more and smaller adenomas were detected.

Following the protein biomarker trail to colorectal cancer

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Coghlin ◽  
Graeme I Murray
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Protein Biomarker

scholarly journals Blood-Based Protein Biomarker Panel for the Detection of Colorectal Cancer

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. e0120425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Y. C. Fung ◽  
Bruce Tabor ◽  
Michael J. Buckley ◽  
Ilka K. Priebe ◽  
Leanne Purins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Protein Biomarker ◽  
Biomarker Panel

The Emerging Role of Metformin in the Prevention and Treatment of Colorectal Cancer: A Game Changer for Management of Colorectal Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moein Ala
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Advanced Adenoma ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Cytotoxicity Activity ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

: Metformin is an old, inexpensive and relatively safe anti-diabetic medication which can decrease the increased risk of several types of cancer in patients with diabetes. Recent meta-analyses revealed that metformin markedly decreased the incidence of colorectal adenoma, advanced adenoma and colorectal cancer (CRC) among patients with diabetes. Potential mechanisms by which metformin may decrease colorectal cancer risk include its effects on ameliorating intestinal inflammation and dysbiosis, suppressing major proliferative pathways, preventing DNA replication, accelerating tumor cells apoptosis, inhibiting intra-tumor angiogenesis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), increasing tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and CD68+ tumor-associated macrophages, and enhancing T cell cytotoxicity activity. It was uncovered that metformin can improve overall survival and CRC-specific survival among patients with diabetes and CRC. Interestingly, metformin decreased the incidence of colonic adenoma in patients with acromegaly and reduced the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) among patients with diabetes, which can indirectly lower the risk of CRC. Results of phase II clinical trials revealed that metformin can enhance the anti-cancer effects of chemotherapeutic agents, such as 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) and irinotecan on refractory CRC. Furthermore, metformin decreased the risk of new polyps and adenomas in patients without diabetes. Regarding the results of previous preclinical and clinical studies, it is rational to assess the effect of metformin in normoglycemic patients with CRC and expand its clinical application for treating CRC or preventing it in a high-risk population.

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