scholarly journals Resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ac toxin requires mutations in two Plutella xylostella ATP-binding cassette transporter paralogs

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e1008697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaoxia Liu ◽  
Shu Fu ◽  
Xiaoli Ma ◽  
Simon W. Baxter ◽  
Liette Vasseur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Atp Binding ◽  
Cry1ac Toxin ◽  
Atp Binding Cassette Transporter ◽  
Atp Binding Cassette

scholarly journals Genetic Knockouts Indicate That the ABCC2 Gene in the Bollworm Helicoverpa Zea Is Not a Major Receptor for the Cry1Ac Insecticidal Protein.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omaththage P. Perera ◽  
Nathan S LIttle ◽  
Heba Abdelgaffar ◽  
Juan Luis Jurat-Fuentes ◽  
Gadi V. P. Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Helicoverpa Zea ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Insecticidal Protein ◽  
Functional Domains ◽  
Atp Binding ◽  
Atp Binding Cassette Transporter ◽  
Major Pest ◽  
Moth Species ◽  
Atp Binding Cassette

Members of the insect ATP binding cassette transporter subfamily C2 (ABCC2) in several moth species are known as receptors for the Cry1Ac insecticidal protein from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). Mutations that abolish the functional domains of ABCC2 are known to cause resistance to Cry1Ac, although the reported levels of resistance vary widely depending on insect species. In this study, the function of the ABCC2 gene as putative Cry1Ac receptor in Helicoverpa zea, a major pest of over 300 crops, was evaluated using CRISPR/Cas9 to progressively eliminate different functional ABCC2 domains. Results from bioassays with edited insect lines support that muta-tions in ABCC2 was associated with Cry1Ac resistance ratios (RR) ranging from 7.3- to 39.8-fold. No significant differences in susceptibility to Cry1Ac were detected between H. zea with partial or complete ABCC2 knockout, although highest levels of tolerance were observed when knocking out half of ABCC2. Based on >500-1,000-fold RRs reported in similar studies for closely related moth species, the low RRs observed in H. zea knockouts support that ABCC2 is not a major Cry1Ac receptor in this insect.

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