scholarly journals Bacteriophages benefit from generalized transduction

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. e1007888 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfred Fillol-Salom ◽  
Ahlam Alsaadi ◽  
Jorge A. Moura de Sousa ◽  
Li Zhong ◽  
Kevin R. Foster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Generalized Transduction

scholarly journals Recombinant transfer in the basic genome ofEscherichia coli

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (29) ◽  
pp. 9070-9075 ◽  
Author(s):  
Purushottam D. Dixit ◽  
Tin Yau Pang ◽  
F. William Studier ◽  
Sergei Maslov
Keyword(s):  
Common Ancestor ◽  
Recipient Cell ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Selective Advantage ◽  
Last Common Ancestor ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Bacterial Genomes ◽  
Basic Genome ◽  
Single Base Pair ◽  
Generalized Transduction

An approximation to the ∼4-Mbp basic genome shared by 32 strains ofEscherichia colirepresenting six evolutionary groups has been derived and analyzed computationally. A multiple alignment of the 32 complete genome sequences was filtered to remove mobile elements and identify the most reliable ∼90% of the aligned length of each of the resulting 496 basic-genome pairs. Patterns of single base-pair mutations (SNPs) in aligned pairs distinguish clonally inherited regions from regions where either genome has acquired DNA fragments from diverged genomes by homologous recombination since their last common ancestor. Such recombinant transfer is pervasive across the basic genome, mostly between genomes in the same evolutionary group, and generates many unique mosaic patterns. The six least-diverged genome pairs have one or two recombinant transfers of length ∼40–115 kbp (and few if any other transfers), each containing one or more gene clusters known to confer strong selective advantage in some environments. Moderately diverged genome pairs (0.4–1% SNPs) show mosaic patterns of interspersed clonal and recombinant regions of varying lengths throughout the basic genome, whereas more highly diverged pairs within an evolutionary group or pairs between evolutionary groups having >1.3% SNPs have few clonal matches longer than a few kilobase pairs. Many recombinant transfers appear to incorporate fragments of the entering DNA produced by restriction systems of the recipient cell. A simple computational model can closely fit the data. Most recombinant transfers seem likely to be due to generalized transduction by coevolving populations of phages, which could efficiently distribute variability throughout bacterial genomes.

scholarly journals Role of Staphylococcal Phage and SaPI Integrase in Intra- and Interspecies SaPI Transfer

2007 ◽  
Vol 189 (15) ◽  
pp. 5608-5616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Maiques ◽  
Carles Úbeda ◽  
María Ángeles Tormo ◽  
María Desamparados Ferrer ◽  
Íñigo Lasa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Attachment Site ◽  
Pathogenicity Islands ◽  
Specific Attachment ◽  
Generalized Transduction

ABSTRACT SaPIbov2 is a member of the SaPI family of staphylococcal pathogenicity islands and is very closely related to SaPIbov1. Typically, certain temperate phages can induce excision and replication of one or more of these islands and can package them into special small phage-like particles commensurate with their genome sizes (referred to as the excision-replication-packaging [ERP] cycle). We have studied the phage-SaPI interaction in some depth using SaPIbov2, with special reference to the role of its integrase. We demonstrate here that SaPIbov2 can be induced to replicate by different staphylococcal phages. After replication, SaPIbov2 is efficiently encapsidated and transferred to recipient organisms, including different non-Staphylococcus aureus staphylococci, where it integrates at a SaPI-specific attachment site, attC , by means of a self-coded integrase (Int). Phages that cannot induce the SaPIbov2 ERP cycle can transfer the island by recA-dependent classical generalized transduction and can also transfer it by a novel mechanism that requires the expression of SaPIbov2 int in the recipient but not in the donor. It is suggested that this mechanism involves the encapsidation of standard transducing fragments containing the intact island followed by int-mediated excision, circularization, and integration in the recipient.

scholarly journals RECIPIENT GENE DUPLICATION DURING GENERALIZED TRANSDUCTION

Genetics ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 809-822
Author(s):  
M Stodolsky
Keyword(s):  
Gene Duplication ◽  
Crossing Over ◽  
Chromosome Fragment ◽  
Bacteriophage P1 ◽  
Recombinant Formation ◽  
Generalized Transduction

ABSTRACT An Hfrl3 ΔProA-lac  deletion recipient, -ΔproA-lac-F-purE+-, has been utilized in a study of the origins of duplications formed during chromosome fragment integration. Among the Pro-Lac+ transductants, some have duplications spanning the F locus. These transductants are, or segregate, strains with F' episomes carrying genes of the duplication. Some of the duplications include purE+, a gene which is not coinherited with lac+ during bacteriophage P1- mediated transduction. Thus recipient genes have been duplicated during recombinant formation. Crossing-over models including replication steps provide a basis for explaining the duplication process.

scholarly journals GENERALIZED TRANSDUCTION IN CAULOBACTER CRESCENTUS

Genetics ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-399
Author(s):  
Bert Ely ◽  
Reid C Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Caulobacter Crescentus ◽  
Good Chance ◽  
Contractile Tail ◽  
Generalized Transduction

ABSTRACT Two closely related bacteriophage, φCr30 and φCr35, are the first bacteriophage shown to mediate generalized transduction in Caulobacter crescentus. Unlike most other transducing phage, they are virulent and do not form any sort of lysogenic relationship with their host. However, they are rather inefficient at adsorption, so that transductants have a good chance of survival. The phage particles have a head 80 nm in diameter and a contractile tail 140 nm in length. Procedures for growth and transduction with φCr30 are relatively simple; thus, it will be of great value for the genetic analysis of C. crescentus.

scholarly journals Genome Sequences of vB_RleM_RL38JI and vB_RleM_RL2RES, Two Virulent Rhizobium leguminosarum Transducing Phages

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. Damitha Gunathilake ◽  
Supriya V. Bhat ◽  
Christopher K. Yost ◽  
Michael F. Hynes
Keyword(s):  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Nucleotide Identity ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Generalized Transduction

Phages vB_RleM_RL38JI and vB_RleM_RL2RES are known to mediate generalized transduction in Rhizobium leguminosarum. The RL38JI genome consists of 158,577 nucleotides and 270 predicted genes, whereas RL2RES has a 156,878-bp genome with 262 predicted genes. The two genomes are similar, with 82.88% nucleotide identity to each other.

Response of hydroperoxidase and superoxide dismutase deficient mutants of Escherichia coli K-12 to oxidative stress

1988 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 1171-1176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herb E. Schellhorn ◽  
Hosni M. Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Oxidant Stress ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Redox Active ◽  
Chemical Oxidants ◽  
Dependent Growth ◽  
K 12 ◽  
Generalized Transduction

In Escherichia coli, the coordinate action of two antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase and hydroperoxidase (catalase), protect the cell from the deleterious effects of oxyradicals generated during normal aerobic respiration. To evaluate the relative importance of these two classes of enzymes, strains of E. coli deficient in superoxide dismutase and (or) hydroperoxidase were constructed by generalized transduction and their physiological responses to oxygen and oxidant stress examined. Superoxide dismutase was found to be more important than hydroperoxidase in preventing oxygen-dependent growth inhibition and mutagenesis, and in reducing sensitivity to redox-active compounds known to generate the superoxide anion. However, both types of enzymes were required for an effective defense against chemical oxidants that generate superoxide radicals and hydrogen peroxide.

High Frequency Generalized Transduction by MiniMu Plasmid Phage

Genetics ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 116 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-206
Author(s):  
Boamin Wang ◽  
Lin Liu ◽  
Eduardo A Groisman ◽  
Malcolm J Casadaban ◽  
Claire M Berg
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Single Experiment ◽  
Phage Mu ◽  
Bacterial Genes ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Generalized Transduction

ABSTRACT Deletion derivatives of phage Mu which replicate as multicopy plasmids, and also transpose and package like Mu, have been developed for the in vivo cloning of bacterial genes. We show here that these miniMu plasmid phage are also efficient at generalized transduction and that both in vivo cloning and generalized transduction of a given gene can be accomplished in a single experiment.

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