scholarly journals The possible role of cross-reactive dengue virus antibodies in Zika virus pathogenesis

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. e1007640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Langerak ◽  
Noreen Mumtaz ◽  
Vera I. Tolk ◽  
Eric C. M. van Gorp ◽  
Byron E. Martina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Zika Virus

scholarly journals Role of Zika Virus Envelope Protein Domain III as a Target of Human Neutralizing Antibodies

mBio ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily N. Gallichotte ◽  
Ellen F. Young ◽  
Thomas J. Baric ◽  
Boyd L. Yount ◽  
Stefan W. Metz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Yellow Fever Virus ◽  
Viral Envelope ◽  
Chimeric Virus ◽  
Domain Iii ◽  
Major Target

ABSTRACT Zika virus (ZIKV) is a flavivirus that is structurally highly similar to the related viruses, dengue virus (DENV), West Nile virus, and yellow fever virus. ZIKV causes an acute infection that often results in mild symptoms but that can cause severe disease in rare instances. Following infection, individuals mount an adaptive immune response, composed of antibodies (Abs) that target the envelope (E) glycoprotein of ZIKV, which covers the surface of the virus. Groups have studied monoclonal antibodies and polyclonal immune sera isolated from individuals who recovered from natural ZIKV infections. Some of these antibodies bind to domain III of E (EDIII), but the functional importance of these antibodies is unknown. In this study, we aimed to determine if EDIII is a major target of the potent serum neutralizing antibodies present in people after ZIKV infection. By generating a chimeric virus containing ZIKV EDIII in a DENV4 virus backbone, our data show a minor role of EDIII-targeting antibodies in human polyclonal neutralization. These results reveal that while monoclonal antibody (MAb) studies are informative in identifying individual antibody epitopes, they can overestimate the importance of epitopes contained within EDIII as targets of serum neutralizing antibodies. Additionally, these results argue that the major target of human ZIKV neutralizing antibodies resides elsewhere in E; however, further studies are needed to assess the epitope specificity of the neutralizing response at the population level. Identification of the major epitopes on the envelope of ZIKV recognized by serum neutralizing antibodies is critical for understanding protective immunity following natural infection and for guiding the design and evaluation of vaccines. IMPORTANCE Zika virus is a flavivirus that was recently introduced to Latin America, where it caused a massive epidemic. Individuals infected with ZIKV generate an immune response composed of antibodies which bind to the envelope (E) protein. These anti-E antibodies are critical in protecting individuals from subsequent infection. Multiple groups have found that many ZIKV antibodies bind to domain III of E (EDIII), suggesting that this region is an important target of neutralizing antibodies. Here, we generated a chimeric virus containing ZIKV EDIII in a dengue virus backbone to measure ZIKV EDIII-specific antibody responses. We found that while polyclonal ZIKV immune serum contains antibodies targeting EDIII, they constitute only a small fraction of the total population of antibodies that neutralize ZIKV. Further studies are needed to define the main targets on the viral envelope recognized by human neutralizing antibodies, which is critical for guiding the development of ZIKV vaccines.

scholarly journals Potential role of dengue virus, chikungunya virus and Zika virus in neurological diseases

2018 ◽  
Vol 113 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Adriano da Cunha e Silva Vieira ◽  
Carlos Henrique Nery Costa ◽  
Alexandre da Costa Linhares ◽  
Amariles de Sousa Borba ◽  
Daniele Freitas Henriques ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Chikungunya Virus ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Neurological Diseases

The Role of Predation in Determining Traits of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) and Infection With Zika Virus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shawna Bellamy ◽  
Barry W Alto
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Infected Blood ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Susceptibility To Infection ◽  
Density Reduction

Abstract Non-lethal predator-prey interactions during the immature stages can cause significant changes to mosquito life history traits and their ability to transmit pathogens as adults. Treatment manipulations using mosquitoes Aedes aegypti (L.) and Toxoryhnchites rutilus (Coquillett) were performed during the immature stages to explore the potential impacts of non-lethal interactions on adult susceptibility to infection, disseminated infection and saliva infection of Ae. aegypti following ingestion of Zika virus-infected blood. Treatments inducing density reduction resulted in reduced development time and survivorship to adulthood. However, effects of treatment did not alter infection, dissemination, or saliva infection. These observations indicate that, while non-lethal predation may impact some traits that influence population dynamics and transmission of pathogens, there were no direct effects on mosquito-arbovirus interactions.

scholarly journals Antiviral Role of Phenolic Compounds against Dengue Virus: A Review

Biomolecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Vanessa Loaiza-Cano ◽  
Laura Milena Monsalve-Escudero ◽  
Carlos da Silva Maia Bezerra Filho ◽  
Marlen Martinez-Gutierrez ◽  
Damião Pergentino de Sousa
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Antiviral Effect ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Host Proteins ◽  
Viral Particles ◽  
Antiviral Role ◽  
Productive Replication

Phenolic compounds have been related to multiple biological activities, and the antiviral effect of these compounds has been demonstrated in several viral models of public health concern. In this review, we show the antiviral role of phenolic compounds against dengue virus (DENV), the most widespread arbovirus globally that, after its re-emergence, has caused multiple epidemic outbreaks, especially in the last two years. Twenty phenolic compounds with anti-DENV activity are discussed, including the multiple mechanisms of action, such as those directed against viral particles or viral proteins, host proteins or pathways related to the productive replication viral cycle and the spread of the infection.

scholarly journals 4,7-Disubstituted 7H-Pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines and Their Analogs as Antiviral Agents against Zika Virus

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (13) ◽  
pp. 3779
Author(s):  
Ruben Soto-Acosta ◽  
Eunkyung Jung ◽  
Li Qiu ◽  
Daniel J. Wilson ◽  
Robert J. Geraghty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Small Molecules ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Antiviral Agents ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Molecular Target ◽  
Core Structure ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Important Group

Discovery of compound 1 as a Zika virus (ZIKV) inhibitor has prompted us to investigate its 7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine scaffold, revealing structural features that elicit antiviral activity. Furthermore, we have demonstrated that 9H-purine or 1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine can serve as an alternative core structure. Overall, we have identified 4,7-disubstituted 7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines and their analogs including compounds 1, 8 and 11 as promising antiviral agents against flaviviruses ZIKV and dengue virus (DENV). While the molecular target of these compounds is yet to be elucidated, 4,7-disubstituted 7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines and their analogs are new chemotypes in the design of small molecules against flaviviruses, an important group of human pathogens.

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