scholarly journals Clinical characterization, cardiovascular risk factor profile and cardiac strain analysis in a Uganda cancer population: The SATRACD study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0249717
Author(s):  
Wanzhu Zhang ◽  
Feriel Azibani ◽  
Emmy Okello ◽  
James Kayima ◽  
Isaac Sinabulya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Ejection ◽  
Qtc Interval ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk

Background The link between cancer and cardiovascular disease is firmly established. We sought to investigate the prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in Uganda cancer patients, their pre-chemotherapy left ventricular strain echocardiographic pattern and its associations with the CVD risk factors. Methods and results Baseline pre-chemotherapy data of patients who were enrolled in the SATRACD study (a cancer cohort, who were planned for anthracycline therapy), were analyzed. The prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and baseline strain echocardiographic images were assessed. Among the 355 patients who were recruited over a period of 15 months, 283 (79.7%) were female, with a mean age of 43 years. The types of cancer of the study patients included breast cancer (70.6%), lymphomas, sarcomas, leukemias and hepatocellular carcinoma. Hypertension was the most common comorbidity (27.0%). The prevalence of obesity was 12.1% and that of HIV was 18.3%. All patients had a normal left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). The mean global longitudinal strain (GLS) was -20.92 ±2.43%, with females having a significantly higher GLS than males (-21.09±2.42 vs -20.25±2.39, p = 0.008). Fifty-three patients (14.9%) had suboptimal GLS (absolute GLS≤18.00%), which was associated with obesity (POR = 3.07; 95% CI, 1.31–6.98; p = 0.003), alcohol use (POR = 1.94; 95% CI, 1.01–3.74; p = 0.044), long QTc interval in electrocardiogram (POR = 2.54; 95% CI, 1.06–5.74; p = 0.015,) and impaired left ventricular relaxation (POR = 2.24; 95% CI, 1.17–4.25; p = 0.007). On multivariable logistic regression analysis, obesity (POR = 2.95; 95% CI, 1.24–7.03; p = 0.014) was the only independent factor associated with suboptimal GLS. Conclusion There is high prevalence and a unique pattern of cardiovascular risk factors in Uganda cancer patients. In cancer patients with cardiovascular risk conditions, there is reduction in GLS despite preserved LVEF. Longitudinal research is needed to study the predictive value of cardiovascular risk factors and baseline GLS for post chemotherapy cardiac dysfunction.

scholarly journals Practical ways to deal with the high burden of cardiovascular disease in hemodialysis patients

2006 ◽  
Vol 124 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Jayme Galvão de Lima
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
General Population ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Dialysis Patients

Cardiovascular disease is the main cause of death among hemodialysis patients. Although uremia by itself may be considered to be a cardiovascular risk factor, a significant proportion of dialysis patients die because of cardiovascular disease not directly attributable to uremia. Indeed, many of the cardiovascular diseases and cardiovascular risk factors in these patients are common to those occurring in the general population and are amenable to intervention. Lack of proper medical care during the early stages of renal insufficiency and present-day dialysis routines, by failing to correct hypertension, hypervolemia and left ventricular hypertrophy in many patients, may also add to the cardiovascular burden. The author suggests that, in addition to early treatment and referral to a specialist, chronic renal failure patients should undergo intensive cardiovascular screening and treatment, and correction of cardiovascular risk factors based on guidelines established for the general population.

scholarly journals Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Its Impact on Selected Cardiovascular Risk Factors, and Correlation with Duration of Illness: A Pilot Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Brygida Przywara-Chowaniec ◽  
Dominika Blachut ◽  
Jan Harpula ◽  
Marcin Bereś ◽  
Agnieszka Nowak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Ejection ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Ventricular Ejection Fraction ◽  
The Impact

Systemic lupus erythematosus is a rare autoimmune disease. It leads to an increased production of proinflammatory molecules that accelerates atherogenesis and could cause an endothelium dysfunction. The aim of the study was to assess cardiovascular risk factors such as BMI and lipid profile as well as left ventricular ejection fraction among patients with SLE, and a correlation of these factors with duration of the disease. Materials and Methods. The researched group consisted of patients with SLE, being under control of the outpatient clinic of cardiology. This group included 38 patients among whom 34 were women (56.17 ± 11.05 years) and 4 were men (65.50 ± 9.22 years). The control group consisted of 19 healthy women (53.31 ± 11.94 years) and 2 healthy men (38.51 ± 7.53 years). Measurements were taken in the same conditions by trained medical staff. Results. Excessive body weight (BMI >25 kg/m2) was more frequent in the SLE group, but it was not statistically significant (55.26% vs. 52.38%, p = 0.6159 ). LVEF values were lower in their searched group, and this factor showed statistical significance (53.92% ± 6.46 vs. 58.67% ± 4.69, p = 0.0044 ). Thickness of the IMT was higher and statistically important among patients with SLE, both in left (1.22 ± 0.27 mm vs. 0.7 ± 0.21 mm, p = 0.0001 ) and right common carotid artery (1.16 ± 0.26 mm vs. 0.59 ± 0.15 mm, p = 0.0001 ), compared to the controls. Conclusions. Patients with SLE are at greater risk of developing cardiovascular diseases as the illness progresses. The activity of the disease according to the SLEDAI-2K scale may have an impact on the LVEF values which was significantly decreased in the group with active disease, but further thorough investigation is required to fully evaluate the impact of individual components of the disease and its treatment on the CVD development and mortality.

scholarly journals Changes to cardiovascular risk factors over 7 years: a prospective cohort study of in situ urbanised residents in the Chaoyang District of Beijing

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. e033548
Author(s):  
Zhe Li ◽  
Shicheng Yu ◽  
Xiaoyan Han ◽  
Jianjun Liu ◽  
Hongyan Yao
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Rural Residents

ObjectivesTo examine changes in cardiovascular risk factors of in situ urbanised residents between 2010 and 2017.DesignPopulation-based cohort study.SettingThe Chaoyang District of Beijing, China.ParticipantsA total of 942 in situ urbanised rural residents aged 35–64 who participated in the cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors study in China between 2010 and 2017.Main outcome measuresLifestyles (smoking, drinking and effective exercise) and medical history (diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, overweight and obesity) were self-reported. New cases of diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, overweight and obesity were confirmed by physical examination or blood biochemical tests. Multiple linear regression and log-binomial models analyses adjusted for sociodemographic confounders were conducted to evaluate any changes of clinical indexes and to estimate prevalence rate ratios (PRRs), respectively.ResultsDuring the study period of 2010–2017, diastolic blood pressure elevated by 3.55 mm Hg, central blood pressure increased by 4.39 mm Hg, total cholesterol decreased by 0.29 mmol/L and hypertension increased significantly (PRR=1.25, p<0.05) after adjusting for demographic, lifestyle and family history factors. Effective exercise rate (PRR=1.57), prevalence of diabetes (PRR=1.36) and dyslipidaemia (PRR=1.19) all increased from 2010 to 2017. However, these changes were not significant after adjusting for confounders (p>0.05). Prevalence of smoking, drinking, hypertension, overweight and obesity was significantly higher in males than females in both 2010 and 2017. In 2017, the 10-year risk of atherosclerotic CVD increased in 29.8% of participants and decreased in 6.1% of individuals.ConclusionsCVD risk factors augmented remarkably for in situ urbanised rural residents aged 35–64 in the Chaoyang District of Beijing, especially those indicators related to blood pressure. Awareness of the direction and magnitude of these risk factor changes may be beneficial in informing targeted strategies for preventing CVDs of in situ urbanised populations.

scholarly journals The Predictive Value of Carotid Ultrasonography With Cardiovascular Risk Factors—A “SPIDER” Promoting Atherosclerosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongwei Li ◽  
Xiaolin Xu ◽  
Baoming Luo ◽  
Yuling Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Risk Stratification ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Carotid Atherosclerosis ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Carotid Ultrasonography ◽  
Carotid Plaques

Insufficient recommendations do not support the clinical use of carotid ultrasonography for further risk stratification in moderate-to-high risk patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD). A literature review was performed to assess six aspects of the research progress and limitations of carotid ultrasonography and carotid atherosclerosis-related risk factors: (1) structures of the carotid intima and media; (2) plaques; (3) inflammation; (4) dynamics of carotid blood flow; (5) early detection and intervention; and (6) risk factors for CVD. Although carotid intima-media thickness and carotid plaques are well-acknowledged independent predictors of CVD risk, normative and cut-off values are difficult to define due to the heterogeneous measurements reported in previous studies. Plaque properties, including location, number, density, and size, become more important risk predictors for cardiovascular disease, but a better approach for clinical use needs to be further established. Three-dimensional ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound are promising for promoting risk stratification with more details on plaque morphology. Moreover, inflammatory diseases and biomarkers should be evaluated for a full assessment of the inflammatory burden for atherosclerosis. Carotid flow velocity is not only an indicator for stenosis but also a potential risk predictor. Carotid atherosclerosis should be detected and treated early, and additional clinical trials are needed to determine the efficacy of these measures in reducing CVD risk. Cardiovascular risk factors tend to affect carotid plaques, and early treat-to-target therapy might yield clinical benefits. Based on the aforementioned six aspects, we consider that these six important factors act like a “SPIDER” spinning the web of atherosclerosis; a timely comprehensive assessment and intervention may halt the progression to CVD. Carotid ultrasound results should be combined with other atherosclerotic factors, and a comprehensive risk assessment may help to guide cardiovascular prevention decisions.

Abstract 13677: Left Atrial Structure and Function in Relation to Incident Stroke/TIA and Dementia: The Multi-ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammadali Habibi ◽  
Mytra Zareian ◽  
Bharath Ambale Venkatesh ◽  
Sanaz Samiei ◽  
Elzbieta Chamera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Left Atrial ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Ejection ◽  
Peak Strain ◽  
Ventricular Ejection Fraction ◽  
Incident Dementia ◽  
And Function

Introduction: Increased left atrial (LA) size and reduced LA function are known predictors of atrial fibrillation (AF). Evidence also links increased LA size and stroke. We sought to examine the association of LA function, measured with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) and incident stroke/TIA and dementia. Methods: This case-cohort study compared LA size and function in 180 MESA participants with incident Stroke/TIA and 95 with incident dementia, over a median follow up of 10.7 years, to 550 participants randomly selected from the whole MESA cohort. All individuals were free of clinical cardiovascular and major valvular heart disease. Phasic LA volumes, LA emptying fractions (LAEF) and peak strain were quantified in sinus rhythm using tissue-tracking CMR. Vascular neurologists adjudicated stroke events by medical record review. Dementia cases were identified using ICD9 codes from hospital records. Modified Cox proportional hazard models weighted for the stratified case-cohort sampling design was used to examine the associations. Results: Incident Stroke/TIA (age 67 ± 9 years, 45% male) and dementia cases (age 74 ± 6 years, 58% male) were older than the subcohort population (age: 61 ± 10, 49% male). In multivariable analysis adjusted for standard cardiovascular risk factors and left ventricular ejection fraction, lower peak LA strain and passive LAEF were associated with both incident stroke/TIA and dementia. After further adjustment for incident AF, the associations were attenuated for peak LA strain but remained significant for passive LAEF (HR for incident Stroke/TIA: 0.72 per SD 95% CI: 0.55-0.93, p=0.013 and for incident dementia: 0.59 per SD 95% CI: 0.37-0.95, p=0.031). Conclusions: Reduced LA conduit function was associated with incident Stroke/TIA and dementia independent of other cardiovascular risk factors and incident AF. Assessment of LA function may add further information in risk stratifying individuals at risk for stroke and dementia.

scholarly journals Are Cardiovascular Risk Factors Stronger Predictors of Incident Cardiovascular Disease in U.S. Adults With Versus Without a History of Clinical Depression?

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (12) ◽  
pp. 1036-1045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brittanny M Polanka ◽  
Jessica Berntson ◽  
Elizabeth A Vrany ◽  
Jesse C Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Current Tobacco

Abstract Background Several mechanisms underlying the depression-to-cardiovascular disease (CVD) relationship have been proposed; however, few studies have examined whether depression promotes CVD through potentiating traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Purpose To test the combined influence of three cardiovascular risk factors and lifetime depressive disorder on incident CVD in a large, diverse, and nationally representative sample of U.S. adults. Methods Respondents were 26,840 adults without baseline CVD who participated in Waves 1 (2001–2002) and 2 (2004–2005) of the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Lifetime depressive disorder, tobacco use, hypertension, and incident CVD were determined from structured interviews, and body mass index (BMI) was computed from self-reported height and weight. Results Logistic regression models predicting incident CVD (1,046 cases) revealed evidence of moderation, as the interactions between lifetime depressive disorder and current tobacco use (p = .002), hypertension (p < .001), and BMI (p = .031) were significant. The Former Tobacco Use × Lifetime Depressive Disorder interaction was not significant (p = .85). In models stratified by lifetime depressive disorder, current tobacco use (OR = 1.78, 95% CI = 1.36–2.32, p < .001 vs. OR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.24–1.60, p < .001), hypertension (OR = 2.46, 95% CI = 1.98–3.07, p < .001 vs. OR = 1.39, 95% CI = 1.28–1.51, p < .001), and BMI (OR = 1.10, 95% CI = 1.01–1.20, p = .031 vs. OR = 1.03, 95% CI = 0.99–1.07, p = .16) were stronger predictors of incident CVD in adults with versus without a lifetime depressive disorder. Conclusions Our findings suggest that amplifying the atherogenic effects of traditional cardiovascular risk factors may be yet another candidate mechanism that helps to explain the excess CVD risk of people with depression.

scholarly journals 200Pneumonia hospitalization and the subsequent risk of incident ischemic cardiovascular disease in Chinese adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yizhen Hu ◽  
Canqing Yu ◽  
Yu Guo ◽  
Zheng Bian ◽  
Yuting Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Older Chinese ◽  
Subsequent Risk

Abstract Background Acute respiratory infections have been associated with a transient increase in cardiovascular risk. However, whether such an association persists beyond one month, and the potential modifying effect of cardiovascular risk factors on such an association is less well established. Methods The China Kadoorie Biobank study enrolled 512,726 participants from 10 areas across China during 2004-08. By the end of 2017, a total of 5,444 participants with ischemic heart disease (IHD) and 4,846 with ischemic stroke (IS) who also had at least a record of hospitalization for pneumonia during follow-up were included. We used a self-controlled case series method and calculated the age- and season-adjusted relative incidences (RIs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for ischemic cardiovascular disease (CVD) after pneumonia. Results The risk of ischemic CVD increased during days 1-3 after pneumonia hospitalization, with a RI (95% CI) of 4.24 (2.92-6.15) for IHD and 1.85 (1.02-3.35) for IS. The risk gradually reduced with longer duration since pneumonia hospitalization but remained elevated until days 92-365 for IHD (1.23, 1.12-1.35), and days 29-91 for IS (1.25, 1.05-1.48). Pre-existing cardiovascular risk factors amplified the associations between pneumonia and ischemic CVD risks. Besides, the risk of ischemic CVD was also higher among the participants aged ≥70 years (Pinteraction&lt;0.001 for IHD and =0.033 for IS). Conclusions Among middle-aged and older Chinese adults, pneumonia hospitalization was associated with both short- and long-term increases in ischemic CVD risk for up to one year. Key messages Pneumonia hospitalizations were associated with increased subsequent risk of ischemic CVD.

scholarly journals Sex differences in cardiovascular risk factors among people with type two diabetes

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 384
Author(s):  
Gurinder Mohan ◽  
Ranjeet Kaur ◽  
Heli .
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
High Hba1c ◽  
Low Hdl

Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is associated with various risk factors, which accelerates the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The increased relative risk for CVD due to diabetes is greater in women than in men. Aims and objectives of this study were to study the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors among type 2 diabetes patients and to assess the sex differences in the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors among type 2 diabetes patients.Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed among the 500 adult (>15 years) patients of type 2 diabetes who attended Department of Medicine, SGRDIMSR, Amritsar and were assessed for the presence of various CVD risk factors and the prevalence of these was compared between both sexes.Results: The most prevalent CVD risk factor among 500 patients of type 2 DM was high HBA1C levels which was present in 67.2% of the study population. It was followed by obesity (which had prevalence of 66.2%), dyslipidaemia (i.e. high triglyceride levels - 64.8% and low HDL levels - 65.6%) and microalbuminuria along with macroalbuminuria (65.4%). Diabetic males had microalbuminuria (along with macroalbuminuria) as the most prevalent CVD risk factor (69.03%), followed by alcohol consumption (63.18%) and abnormal waist circumference (61%). On the other hand, the most prevalent CVD risk factor among female diabetics was high HBA1C (77.4%) followed by obesity (77.0%) and dyslipidaemia-hypertriglyceridemia (75.1%) and low HDL levels (70.5%).Conclusions: Cardiovascular risk factors were highly prevalent among patients with type 2 diabetes attending department of medicine, SGRDIMSR, Amritsar with different risk profiles among diabetic male and females. A gender-sensitive approach is required in planning interventions (counselling and treatment) to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease in diabetes.

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