scholarly journals Willingness to pay for cataract surgery and associated factors among cataract patients in Outreach Site, North West Ethiopia

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0248618
Author(s):  
Mohammed Seid ◽  
Amare Minyihun ◽  
Gizachew Tilahun ◽  
Asmamaw Atnafu ◽  
Getasew Amare
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Cost Recovery ◽  
P Value ◽  
Tobit Regression ◽  
Recovery Model ◽  
North West ◽  
North West Ethiopia ◽  
Cataract Patients

Introduction In Ethiopia, cataract surgery is mainly provided by donors free of charge through outreach programs. Assessing willingness to pay for patients for cataract surgery will help explain how the service is valued by the beneficiaries and design a domestic source of finance to sustain a program. Although knowledge concerning willingness to pay for cataract surgery is substantive for developing a cost-recovery model, the existed knowledge is limited and not well-addressed. Therefore, the study aimed to assess willingness to pay for cataract surgery and associated factors among cataract patients in Outreach Site, North West Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional outreach-based study was conducted on 827 cataract patients selected through a simple random sampling method in Tebebe Gion Specialized Hospital, North West Ethiopia, from 10/11/2018 to 14/11/2018. The data were collected using a contingent valuation elicitation approach to elicit the participants’ maximum willingness to pay through face to face questionnaire interviews. The descriptive data were organized and presented using summary statistics, frequency distribution tables, and figures accordingly. Factors assumed to be associate with a willingness to pay were identified using a Tobit regression model with a p-value of <0.05 and confidence interval (CI ≠ 0). Results The study involved 827 cataract patients, and their median age was 65years. About 55% of the participants were willing to pay for the surgery. The average amount of money willing to pay was 17.5USD (95% CI; 10.5, 35.00) and It was significantly associated with being still worker (β = 26.66, 95% CI: 13.03, 40.29), being educated (β = 29.16, 95% CI: 2.35, 55.97), free from ocular morbidity (β = 28.48, 95% CI: 1.08, 55.90), duration with the condition, (β = -1.69, 95% CI: -3.32, -0.07), admission laterality (β = 21.21, 95% CI: 3.65, 38.77) and remained visual ability (β = -0.29, 95% CI (-0.55, -0.04). Conclusions Participants’ willingness to pay for cataract surgery in outreach Sites is much lower than the surgery’s actual cost. Early intervention and developing a cost-recovery model with multi-tiered packages attributed to the neediest people as in retired, less educated, severely disabled is strategic to increase the demand for service uptake and service accessibility.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy and Its Associated Factors Among Diabetic Patients at Debre Markos Referral Hospital, North-west Ethiopia, 2019.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melkamu Tilahun ◽  
Teshome Gobena ◽  
Diriba Dereje ◽  
Mengistu Wolde ◽  
Getachew Yideg
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
P Value ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
North West ◽  
North West Ethiopia ◽  
Debre Markos

Abstract Background Diabetic retinopathy is a well-known sight–threatening microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus. Currently 93 million people live with diabetic retinopathy worldwide. There are insufficient studies addressing on the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy and underlying risk factors in Ethiopia. Objective To assess prevalence of diabetic retinopathy and its associated factors among diabetic patients on follow up at Debre Markos Referral Hospital, North-West Ethiopia, 2019. Methods Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted among 302 participants at Debre Markos Referral Hospital. They were selected through systematic sampling technique and those with mature cataract and critically ill were excluded. The necessary data were extracted from medical records by using pre-tested checklist. Blood pressure, weight, height and visual acuity tests were assessed. Retinal examination was performed through slit lamp biomicroscope and binocular indirect ophthalmoscope. Data were entered to epi-data 3.1 version. The data were exported into Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS version 20) program for analyses. Binary logistic regression with 95%CI was used for analyses. A variable had p-value < 0.25 in the bivariable logistic regression was entered to multivariate logistic regression. Finally, variables with p-value < 0.05 in the multivariable logistic regression were considered as statistically significant. Result There were 302 participants included in this study, out of which 57(18.9%) had diabetic retinopathy. Among DR patients, three-fourth (75.4%) had pre-proliferative type of diabetic retinopathy. Four in ten (37.7%) of diabetic patients had visual acuity problem. Poor glycaemic control (AOR(95% CI: 4.58(1.86,11.31), having more than 10 years diabetic duration (AOR(95% CI: 3.91(1.86,8.23), body mass index > 25 kg/m2(AOR(95% CI: 3.74(1.83,7.66), and hypertension (AOR(95% CI: 3.39(1.64,7.02) were significantly associated factors with diabetic retinopathy. Conclusion About one fifth of DM patients had diabetic retinopathy. Diabetic retinopathy was significantly associated with glycaemic control, hypertension, body mass index and duration of illness. Routine assessment and early control of those associated factors may be important to reduce both the prevalence and impact of diabetic retinopathy as evidenced in the current study.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Associated Factors of Khat Chewing among Atse Fasil Campus Student in University of Gondar, North West Ethiopia

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-64
Author(s):  
Aklilu Endalamaw Sinshaw
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
P Value ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
North West ◽  
Khat Chewing ◽  
North West Ethiopia ◽  
The University

Introduction: Khat is a shrub or tree its leaves have been chewed for centuries in the Eastern part of Africa and the Arabian Peninsula. Globally, khat chewing habit is being a hot issue of discussion and spreading at an alarming rate in the young generation, especially in higher institutions; where there are intensive academic activities are more intended. Similarly in Ethiopia it is consumed by some population groups commonly youths. It has a reported negative economic and health impact on the individuals engaging in the habit of khat chewing. There were no studies conducted to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of khat chewing in our study area. Objective: This study was conducted to assess the prevalence and associated factors of khat chewing among students of the Atse Fasil campus at the University of Gondar, North West Ethiopia. Methods: Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted from April 29 to May 03, 2013, in Aste Fasil campus, University of Gondar. A total of 310 students were selected using a stratified random sampling technique in which only 302 answer the question making the response rate of 97.4%. The data was entered and analyzed using SPSS version 20 software.  Odds ratio and chi-square were used to test the association between different variables and also frequency, proportion and summary statistic was used to describe the study population. The analysis was taken a confidence interval of 95% and association with a P-value of < 0.05. Results: The study revealed 9.6% lifetime prevalence rate of khat chewing. The current prevalence of khat chewing was found to be 6.95%. There were 6.72% female khat chewers and 11.7% male khat chewers. A large proportion (58.6%) lifetime chewers were started khat chewing after joining the university.  Tigre ethnic group was significantly associated factor (AOR=0.041, 95%CI (0.002-0.718) with the outcome variable. Conclusion: The prevalence of khat chewing seems to decrease among university students.  According to the study, Tigre ethnic group were at low risk of chewing khat than another ethnic group. The majority of the students were started chewing after joining the university. Increasing control measures and awareness about the health and social problems associated with khat chewing need to be implemented. Recreational alternatives for young people have to be found.   

Utilization of Long-Lasting Insecticide Treated Net and Associated Factors Among Pregnant Women in Malarious Kebeles in Awabel District, North-West Ethiopia, 2017

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengistie Kassahun Tariku ◽  
Zewdu Dagnew ◽  
Sewnet Wongiel Misikir ◽  
Abebe Habtamu Belete
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Health Facility ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
North West ◽  
North West Ethiopia

Abstract Background: Utilization of long-lasting insecticide treated net (LLITN) is one of the main vector control activities. It has a killing, repellent and physical barrier effects against mosquito. Even if priority is given for pregnant women, not all nets owned by household have been utilized by pregnant women. The objective of the study was to assess utilization of Long-lasting insecticidal net and associated factors among pregnant women in malarious kebeles, Awabel woreda, North-West Ethiopia. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from May 1 to June 30, 2017. A systematic random sampling was used to select 422 households. Two days training was given for data collectors and supervisors. Collected data were coded and entered using epi-data version 3.1, then it was exported to Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 20. After bivariate logistic regression analysis, all variables with a p-value less than or equal to 0.25was entered into multivariable logistic regression and p value < 0.05 considered as significantly associated with the outcome variable. Results: Utilization of LLITN was 33.6%. Factors such as attending antenatal care [adjusted odd ratio (AOR) =1.89; 95% CI; 1.04-3.44], traveling <1 hour to reach health facility AOR=4.41; 95% CI; 2.06-9.43], age [AOR= 3.67; 95% CI; 1.36-9.95], knowledge[AOR=11.68; 95% CI; 5.96-22.89] and having positive attitude [AOR=3.12; 95 CI; 1.66-5.88] were significantly associated with utilization of LLITN. Conclusion: This study showed that low utilization of LLITN. Attending antenatal care (ANC), traveling <1 hour to reach health facility, age , knowledge and attitude had positive association with LLITN utilization. Every concerned body should focus on reducing distance barrier by giving outreach services and increasing ANC, the attitude and knowledge of pregnant women toward malaria and LLITN which increase utilization of LLITN. Key words : LLITN utilization, pregnant women, malarious kebeles, Awable, Ethiopia

scholarly journals Magnitude and associated factors of disability in patients with schizophrenia attending Gondar, Felegehiwot and Debretabor hospitals Amhara North West Ethiopia 2019: Institutional based cross-sectional study.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Getnet Beyene Mihretie ◽  
Getasew Molla Legas ◽  
Sintayehu Alemayehu Asnakew ◽  
Telake Bisetegn Azale ◽  
Mebrat Woldesenbet Abera
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
North West ◽  
North West Ethiopia ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients

Abstract Background Schizophrenia is a severe, chronic and disabling mental illness that places significant burden not only on the individuals, but also on their families and society. As per our knowledge there is no study conducted on prevalence and associated factors of disability in schizophrenic patients in Ethiopia. Their fore, this study aimed to assess the magnitude and associated factors of disability in patients with schizophrenia attending Gondar, Felegehiwot and Debretabor hospital, North West Ethiopia 2019Methods An Institutional -based cross-sectional study was conducted among schizophrenic patients attending Gondar, Felegehiwot and Debretabor hospitals Amhara Ethiopia. A total of 420 participants were included in the study. Data were collected by face to face interview using systematic random sampling method. Disability was measured using World Health Organization Disability Assessment Scale 2.0. Coded variables were entered into Epi data V.4.4.2 and exported to SPSS V.24 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions with OR and 95% CI were employed. The level of significance of association was determined at p-value < 0.05.Result A total of 420 participants were interviewed, with a response rate of 99.3%. The magnitude of disability in this study was 41.7% (95%CI: 36.9, 46.4). Current use of alcohol (AOR = 2.47, 95CI;1.36,4.48), being jobless(AOR = 3.27, 95CI; 1.80, 5.93)., had negative symptoms (AOR = 13.05,95CI,7.58,22.45), had 5 and more years of illness(AOR = 2.75,95CI;1.29,5.86) and had 5 and more years of untreated psychosis (AOR = 3.78,95CI, 1.85,7.75) were predictors of disability.Conclusion and recommendation: The magnitude of disability in this study was high. Avoidance of alcohol usage, early initiation of treatment, creating job opportunity and giving special emphasis for patients having negative symptoms is recommended.

scholarly journals Magnitude of visual impairment and associated factors among patients attending ophthalmic clinics of Debre Markos referral hospital, north West Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haimanot Abebe ◽  
Fasil Wagnew ◽  
Haymanot Zeleke ◽  
Bitew Tefera ◽  
Shegaw Tesfa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Care Service ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
North West ◽  
Rural Residency ◽  
North West Ethiopia ◽  
Debre Markos ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract Background Globally, visual impairment affects about 285 million (4.25%) people, of those, 266.4 million were adults aged 18 years and above. Ethiopia is one of developing countries estimated to have high prevalence of visual impairment which have an enormous socio-economic impact. Also there is limited available information regarding with the magnitude of visual impairment among adults in our country at large and east Gojjam zone in specific. Therefore the aim of this study was to assess the magnitude of visual impairment and its associated factors among patients attending Debre Markos Referral Hospital ophthalmic clinics in east Gojjam zone, North West Ethiopia. Methods An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Debre Markos Referral Hospital which is the only hospital in east gojjam zone with ophthalmic care service from March 1 to 30, 2020 by using systematic random sampling technique to select study participants after informed consent was obtained. Data were collected by interview with 5% pretested, structured questionnaire and ocular examinations. Data were cleaned, coded and entered to Epi-data version-3.1, and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science software version 26. The descriptive statistics was presented in tables, text and graphs. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis to identify factors associated with visual impairment was conducted. Covariates with P-value < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results A study was conducted among 312 study participants with 96% response rate. The magnitude of visual impairment was 114 (36.5%) [95% CI, (33.8, 39.2%)]. Age > 50 years [AOR = 3.82; 95% CI (1.56, 9.35)], rural residency [AOR = 4.33 95% CI (1.30, 14.44)], inability to read and write [AOR = 3.21; 95% CI (1.18, 8.73)] and Cataract [AOR = 4.48; 95% CI (1.91, 10.52)] were factors significantly associated with visual impairment. Conclusions The overall magnitude of visual impairment was found to be high. Older age, rural residency, inability to read and write and cataract were associated with visual impairment. Increasing literacy, expanded cataract surgery, as well as community based visual acuity screening especially for elders and rural residents is crucial. Zonal police makers should give emphasis on prevention of visual impairment to decrease economic, social and political burden of visual disability.

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