scholarly journals A polyphenolic cinnamon fraction exhibits anti-inflammatory properties in a monocyte/macrophage model

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0244805
Author(s):  
Amel Ben Lagha ◽  
Jabrane Azelmat ◽  
Katy Vaillancourt ◽  
Daniel Grenier
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Ppar Γ ◽  
Polyphenolic Composition ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Fraction Dose ◽  
Lps Binding

Periodontal diseases are bacteria-induced inflammatory disorders that lead to the destruction of the tooth-supporting tissues. Active compounds endowed with a capacity to regulate the inflammatory response are regarded as potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of periodontal diseases. The aim of this study was to characterize the anti-inflammatory properties of a polyphenolic cinnamon fraction. Chromatographic and mass spectrometry analyses of the polyphenolic composition of the cinnamon fraction revealed that phenolic acids, flavonoids (flavonols, anthocyanins, flavan-3-ols), and procyanidins make up 9.22%, 0.72%, and 10.63% of the cinnamon fraction, respectively. We used a macrophage model stimulated with lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from either Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans or Escherichia coli to show that the cinnamon fraction dose-dependently reduced IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α secretion. Evidence was brought that this inhibition of cytokine secretion may result from the ability of the fraction to prevent LPS-induced NF-κB activation. We also showed that the cinnamon fraction reduces LPS binding to monocytes, which may contribute to its anti-inflammatory properties. Lastly, using a competitor assay, it was found that the cinnamon fraction may represent a natural PPAR-γ ligand. Within the limitations of this in vitro study, the cinnamon fraction was shown to exhibit a therapeutic potential for the treatment of periodontal diseases due to its anti-inflammatory properties.

scholarly journals In Vitro Evaluation of the Anti-Inflammatory Effect of KMUP-1 and in Vivo Analysis of Its Therapeutic Potential in Osteoarthritis

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 615
Author(s):  
Shang-En Huang ◽  
Erna Sulistyowati ◽  
Yu-Ying Chao ◽  
Bin-Nan Wu ◽  
Zen-Kong Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Osteoarthritis is a degenerative arthropathy that is mainly characterized by dysregulation of inflammatory responses. KMUP-1, a derived chemical synthetic of xanthine, has been shown to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Here, we aimed to investigate the in vitro anti-inflammatory and in vivo anti-osteoarthritis effects of KMUP-1. Protein and gene expressions of inflammation markers were determined by ELISA, Western blotting and microarray, respectively. RAW264.7 mouse macrophages were cultured and pretreated with KMUP-1 (1, 5, 10 μM). The productions of TNF-α, IL-6, MMP-2 and MMP- 9 were reduced by KMUP-1 pretreatment in LPS-induced inflammation of RAW264.7 cells. The expressions of iNOS, TNF-α, COX-2, MMP-2 and MMP-9 were also inhibited by KMUP-1 pretreatment. The gene expression levels of TNF and COX families were also downregulated. In addition, KMUP-1 suppressed the activations of ERK, JNK and p38 as well as phosphorylation of IκBα/NF-κB signaling pathways. Furthermore, SIRT1 inhibitor attenuated the inhibitory effect of KMUP-1 in LPS-induced NF-κB activation. In vivo study showed that KMUP-1 reduced mechanical hyperalgesia in monoiodoacetic acid (MIA)-induced rats OA. Additionally, KMUP-1 pretreatment reduced the serum levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in MIA-injected rats. Moreover, macroscopic and histological observation showed that KMUP-1 reduced articular cartilage erosion in rats. Our results demonstrated that KMUP-1 inhibited the inflammatory responses and restored SIRT1 in vitro, alleviated joint-related pain and cartilage destruction in vivo. Taken together, KMUP-1 has the potential to improve MIA-induced articular cartilage degradation by inhibiting the levels and expression of inflammatory mediators suggesting that KMUP-1 might be a potential therapeutic agent for OA.

scholarly journals The Gastroprotective Effect of Naringenin against Ethanol-Induced Gastric Ulcers in Mice through Inhibiting Oxidative and Inflammatory Responses

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (21) ◽  
pp. 11985
Author(s):  
Wei-Sung Li ◽  
Shih-Chao Lin ◽  
Chien-Hui Chu ◽  
Yu-Kang Chang ◽  
Xiang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Gastric Ulcers ◽  
Gastroprotective Effect ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Naringenin is a major flavanone found in grapes, tangelos, blood oranges, lemons, pummelo, and tangerines. It is known to have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, antimutagenic, antifibrogenic, and antiatherogenic pharmacological properties. This study aims to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of naringenin in ethanol-induced gastric damage in vivo and ethanol-stimulated KATO III cells in vitro. Our results showed that pretreatment with naringenin significantly protected mice from ethanol-induced hemorrhagic damage, epithelial cell loss, and edema with leucocytes. It reduced gastric ulcers (GU) by suppressing ethanol-induced nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activity and decreasing the levels of nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and myeloperoxidase (MPO). In addition, pretreatment with naringenin might inhibit the secretion of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8, as well as the proteins cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) via the suppression of NF-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling in ethanol-stimulated stomach epithelial KATO III cells. Together, the results of this study highlight the gastroprotective effect of naringenin in GU of mice by inhibiting gastric secretion and acidity, reducing inflammation and oxidative stress, suppressing NF-κB activity, and restoring the histological architecture. These findings suggested that naringenin has therapeutic potential in the alleviation of ethanol-induced GU.

scholarly journals Intra-pancreatic tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal cells: a promising therapeutic potential with anti-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic profiles

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bashar Khiatah ◽  
Meirigeng Qi ◽  
Weiting Du ◽  
Kuan T-Chen ◽  
Kayleigh M. van Megen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conditioned Medium ◽  
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Pancreatic Tissue ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Islet Isolation ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Background Human pancreata contain many types of cells, such as endocrine islets, acinar, ductal, fat, and mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). MSCs are important and shown to have a promising therapeutic potential to treat various disease conditions. Methods We investigated intra-pancreatic tissue-derived (IPTD) MSCs isolated from tissue fractions that are routinely discarded during pancreatic islet isolation of human cadaveric donors. Furthermore, whether pro-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory properties of these cells could be enhanced was investigated. Results IPTD-MSCs were expanded in GMP-compatible CMRL-1066 medium supplemented with 5% human platelet lysate (hPL). IPTD-MSCs were found to be highly pure, with > 95% positive for CD90, CD105, and CD73, and negative for CD45, CD34, CD14, and HLA-DR. Immunofluorescence staining of pancreas tissue demonstrated the presence of CD105+ cells in the vicinity of islets. IPTD-MSCs were capable of differentiation into adipocytes, chondrocytes, and osteoblasts in vitro, underscoring their multipotent features. When these cells were cultured in the presence of a low dose of TNF-α, gene expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha-stimulated gene-6 (TSG-6) was significantly increased, compared to control. In contrast, treating cells with dimethyloxallyl glycine (DMOG) (a prolyl 4-hydroxylase inhibitor) enhanced mRNA levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Interestingly, a combination of TNF-α and DMOG stimulated the optimal expression of all three genes in IPTD-MSCs. Conditioned medium of IPTD-MSCs treated with a combination of DMOG and TNF-α contained higher levels of pro-angiogenic (VEGF, IL-6, and IL-8) compared to controls, promoting angiogenesis of human endothelial cells in vitro. In contrast, levels of MCP-1, a pro-inflammatory cytokine, were reduced in the conditioned medium of IPTD-MSCs treated with a combination of DMOG and TNF-α. Conclusions The results demonstrate that IPTD-MSCs reside within the pancreas and can be separated as part of a standard islet-isolation protocol. These IPTD-MSCs can be expanded and potentiated ex vivo to enhance their anti-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic profiles. The fact that IPTD-MSCs are generated in a GMP-compatible procedure implicates a direct clinical application.

scholarly journals Curcumin promotes oligodendrocyte differentiation and their protection against TNF-α through the activation of the nuclear receptor PPAR-γ

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonietta Bernardo ◽  
Cristina Plumitallo ◽  
Chiara De Nuccio ◽  
Sergio Visentin ◽  
Luisa Minghetti
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Core Protein ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Demyelinating Diseases ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Ppar Γ ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

AbstractCurcumin is a compound found in the rhizome of Curcuma longa (turmeric) with a large repertoire of pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective activities. The current study aims to assess the effects of this natural compound on oligodendrocyte progenitor (OP) differentiation, particularly in inflammatory conditions. We found that curcumin can promote the differentiation of OPs and to counteract the maturation arrest of OPs induced by TNF-α by a mechanism involving PPAR-γ (peroxisome proliferator activated receptor), a ligand-activated transcription factor with neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory capabilities. Furthermore, curcumin induces the phosphorylation of the protein kinase ERK1/2 known to regulate the transition from OPs to immature oligodendrocytes (OLs), by a mechanism only partially dependent on PPAR-γ. Curcumin is also able to raise the levels of the co-factor PGC1-α and of the cytochrome c oxidase core protein COX1, even when OPs are exposed to TNF-α, through a PPAR-γ-mediated mechanism, in line with the known ability of PPAR-γ to promote mitochondrial integrity and functions, which are crucial for OL differentiation to occur. Altogether, this study provides evidence for a further mechanism of action of curcumin besides its well-known anti-inflammatory properties and supports the suggested therapeutic potential of this nutraceutical in demyelinating diseases.

AAnti-Inflammatory Effects of Plasma Circulating Exosomes Obtained from Normal-Weight and Obese Subjects on Hepatocytes

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Afrisham ◽  
Sahar Sadegh-Nejadi ◽  
Reza Meshkani ◽  
Solaleh Emamgholipour ◽  
Molood Bagherieh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Hepg2 Cells ◽  
Human Liver ◽  
Liver Cells ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Human Liver Cells ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Introduction: Obesity is a disorder with low-grade chronic inflammation that plays a key role in the hepatic inflammation and steatosis. Moreover, there are studies to support the role of exosomes in the cellular communications, the regulation of metabolic homeostasis and immunomodulatory activity. Accordingly, we aimed to evaluate the influence of plasma circulating exosomes derived from females with normal-weight and obesity on the secretion of inflammatory cytokines in human liver cells. Methods: Plasma circulating exosomes were isolated from four normal (N-Exo) and four obese (O-Exo) women. The exosomes were characterized and approved for CD63 expression (common exosomal protein marker) and morphology/size using the western blot and TEM methods, respectively. The exosomes were used for stimulation of HepG2 cells in vitro. After 24 h incubation, the protein levels of TNF-α,IL-6, and IL-1β were measured in the culture supernatant of HepG2 cells using the ELISA kit. Results: The protein levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in the cells treated with O-Exo and N-Exo reduced significantly in comparison with control group (P=0.039 and P<0.001 respectively), while significance differences were not found between normal and obese groups (P=0.808, and P=0.978 respectively). However, no significant differences were found between three groups in term of IL-1β levels (P=0.069). Based on the correlation analysis, the protein levels of IL-6 were positively correlated with TNF-α (r 0.978, P<0.001). Conclusion: These findings suggest that plasma circulating exosomes have probably anti-inflammatory properties independently from body mass index and may decrease the secretion of inflammatory cytokines in liver. However, further investigations in vitro and in vivo are needed to address the anti-inflammatory function of N-Exo and O-Exo in human liver cells and/or other cells.

scholarly journals Dipterocarpus tuberculatus Roxb. Ethanol Extract Has Anti-Inflammatory and Hepatoprotective Effects In Vitro and In Vivo by Targeting the IRAK1/AP-1 Pathway

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 2529
Author(s):  
Haeyeop Kim ◽  
Woo Seok Yang ◽  
Khin Myo Htwe ◽  
Mi-Nam Lee ◽  
Young-Dong Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Related Proteins ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Dipterocarpus tuberculatus Roxb. has been used traditionally as a remedy for many diseases, especially inflammation. Therefore, we analyzed and explored the mechanism of the anti-inflammatory effect of a Dipterocarpus tuberculatus Roxb. ethanol extract (Dt-EE). Dt-EE clearly and dose-dependently inhibited the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated RAW264.7 cells. Also, Dt-EE suppressed the activation of the MyD88/TRIF-mediated AP-1 pathway and the AP-1 pathway related proteins JNK2, MKK4/7, and TAK1, which occurred as a result of inhibiting the kinase activity of IRAK1 and IRAK4, the most upstream factors of the AP-1 pathway. Finally, Dt-EE displayed hepatoprotective activity in a mouse model of hepatitis induced with LPS/D-galactosamine (D-GalN) through decreasing the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase and suppressing the activation of JNK and IRAK1. Therefore, our results strongly suggest that Dt-EE could be a candidate anti-inflammatory herbal medicine with IRAK1/AP-1 inhibitory and hepatoprotective properties.

scholarly journals PSIII-38 Butyric acid and derivatives: In vitro anti-inflammatory effects tested in porcine alveolar macrophages

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 370-370
Author(s):  
Lauren L Kovanda ◽  
Monika Hejna ◽  
Yanhong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Organic Acid ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Sodium Butyrate ◽  
Alveolar Macrophages ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Lps Challenge ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Challenge Group

Abstract The aim of this experiment was to examine the anti-inflammatory effects of butyric acid, sodium butyrate, monobutyrin and tributyrin using porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs). PAMs were isolated from the bronchial lavage of 6 piglets at 6 weeks of age, and then seeded at 106 cells/mL in 24-well plates. After 24 h incubation, cells were treated with different treatments in a randomized complete block design with 10 replicates. The treatments were in a factorial arrangement with 2 doses of lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 0 or 1 μg/mL) and 5 levels of organic acid (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 mM for butyric acid and tributyrin and 0, 1, 2, 4, 8 mM for sodium butyrate and monobutyrin). Supernatants were collected after another 24 h incubation and analyzed for tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). Cell viability was also tested by the MTT assay. Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS. No cytotoxic effect was observed in LPS challenge and each organic acid with the percentage of live cells was more than 76% in comparison to the sham control. Sodium butyrate at 2 and 4 mM dose exhibited (P &lt; 0.01) a stimulatory effect on cell proliferation. LPS challenge remarkably stimulated (P &lt; 0.0001) TNF-α secretion from PAMs. In the non-challenge group, butyric acid, monobutyrin, and tributyrin linearly reduced TNF-α production from PAMs, whereas 2 mM sodium butyrate tended to increase (P = 0.056) TNF-α secretion from PAMs. In the LPS challenge group, all tested organic acid dose-dependently reduced (P &lt; 0.001) TNF-α production from LPS-challenged PAMs, with the strongest inhibiting effect observed at the highest dose. Results indicated that butyric acid and its derivatives that were tested in the current experiment all had strong anti-inflammatory activities in vitro.

scholarly journals Thymoquinone, a Dietary Bioactive Compound, Exerts Anti-Inflammatory Effects in Colitis by Stimulating Expression of the Colonic Epithelial PPAR-γ Transcription Factor

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1343
Author(s):  
Balaji Venkataraman ◽  
Saeeda Almarzooqi ◽  
Vishnu Raj ◽  
Abdullah T. Alhassani ◽  
Ahmad S. Alhassani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Ppar Γ ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Ht 29

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic inflammatory disorders with increasing incidence and prevalence worldwide. Here, we investigated thymoquinone (TQ), a naturally occurring phytochemical present in Nigella sativa, for anti-inflammatory effects in colonic inflammation. To address this, we used in vivo (mice) and in vitro (HT-29 cells) models in this investigation. Our results showed that TQ treatment significantly reduced the disease activity index (DAI), myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, and protected colon microscopic architecture. In addition, TQ also reduced the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and mediators at both the mRNA and protein levels. Further, TQ decreased phosphorylation of the activated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) proteins and enhanced colon epithelial PPAR-γ transcription factor expression. TQ significantly decreased proinflammatory chemokines (CXCL-1 and IL-8), and mediator (COX-2) mRNA expression in HT-29 cells treated with TNF-α. TQ also increased HT-29 PPAR-γ mRNA, PPAR-γ protein expression, and PPAR-γ promoter activity. These results indicate that TQ inhibits MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways and transcriptionally regulates PPAR-γ expression to induce potent anti-inflammatory activity in vivo and in vitro models of colon inflammation.

scholarly journals A New Flavonol From Saussurea involucrata With Anti-Inflammatory Activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 1934578X2110076
Author(s):  
Sheng Pan ◽  
Zi-Guan Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Raw 264.7 Cells ◽  
Raw 264.7 ◽  
Spectroscopic Methods ◽  
Soluble Extract ◽  
Saussurea Involucrata ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

A new flavonol named 6-(2'',3''-epoxy-3''-methylbutyl)-resokaempferol (1), together with five known compounds (2-6) were isolated from the EtOAc-soluble extract of the aerial part of Saussurea involucrata. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods. All compounds were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory effects by measuring the production of nitric oxide (NO) and TNF-α in vitro. Among them, compound 1 showed potential inhibitory activity on the production of NO and TNF-α in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells with IC50 values of 48.0 ± 1.5 and 41.4 ± 1.7 µM, respectively.

scholarly journals In vitro evidence for the involvement of H2S pathway in the effect of clodronate during inflammatory response

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosangela Montanaro ◽  
Alessio D’Addona ◽  
Andrea Izzo ◽  
Carlo Ruosi ◽  
Vincenzo Brancaleone
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Inos Expression ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Inflammatory State ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

AbstractClodronate is a bisphosphonate agent commonly used as anti-osteoporotic drug. Throughout its use, additional anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties have been reported, although the benefits described in the literature could not solely relate to their inhibition of bone resorption. Thus, the purpose of our in vitro study is to investigate whether there are underlying mechanisms explaining the anti-inflammatory effect of clodronate and possibly involving hydrogen sulphide (H2S). Immortalised fibroblast-like synoviocyte cells (K4IM) were cultured and treated with clodronate in presence of TNF-α. Clodronate significantly modulated iNOS expression elicited by TNF-α. Inflammatory markers induced by TNF-α, including IL-1, IL-6, MCP-1 and RANTES, were also suppressed following administration of clodronate. Furthermore, the reduction in enzymatic biosynthesis of CSE-derived H2S, together with the reduction in CSE expression associated with TNF-α treatment, was reverted by clodronate, thus rescuing endogenous H2S pathway activity. Clodronate displays antinflammatory properties through the modulation of H2S pathway and cytokines levels, thus assuring the control of the inflammatory state. Although further investigation is needed to stress out how clodronate exerts its control on H2S pathway, here we showed for the first the involvement of H2S in the additive beneficial effects observed following clodronate therapy.

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