scholarly journals Fruit quality and antioxidant potential of Prunus humilis Bunge accessions

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0244445
Author(s):  
Hongbo Fu ◽  
Xiaopeng Mu ◽  
Pengfei Wang ◽  
Jiancheng Zhang ◽  
Baochun Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Soluble Solid Content ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
Phenol Content ◽  
Peel Color ◽  
Ultrahigh Performance Liquid Chromatography

In this study, we aimed to evaluate the fruit quality of Prunus humilis and identify cultivars that could provide superior human health benefits. We measured the basic characteristics, bioactive compounds, and antioxidant capacities of 137 P. humilis accessions. Flavonoid and phenol content were determined via colorimetry and ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography. Single fruit and stone weights varied widely and were genetically diverse among accessions. The variation in soluble solid content was comparatively narrow. Total flavonoid content (TFC) ranged from 3.90 to 28.37 mg/g FW, with an average of 10.58 mg/g FW in 2019. Significant differences between accessions in terms of TFC, total phenol content, and antioxidant capacity were found. TFC in the accessions was normally distributed and predominantly in the medium range (9.57–15.23 mg/g FW). Red was the predominant peel color over all other phenotypes (i.e., dark red, red, light red, red-orange, and yellow). There was no obvious correlation between peel color and TFC. Catechin was the major flavonoid component in the fruit. Principal component analysis showed that TFC, ABTS, single fruit weight, and vertical and horizontal diameter contributed to the first two principal components for each accession. Accessions 10–02, 3-17-2, 3-17-4, and JD1-6-7-37 were characterized by high TFC, ABTS, and large fruit. We believe that our results will aid in the breeding and functional food processing of Prunus humilis.

YIELD AND FRUIT QUALITY OF SOME PLUM CULTIVARSIN ECOLOGICAL SYSTEM

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-74
Author(s):  
Mădălina Butac ◽  
Mihai Chivu
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Ecological System ◽  
Soluble Solid Content ◽  
Soil Application ◽  
Soluble Solid ◽  
Fruit Growing

The aim of this study was to assess the yield and fruits quality of plum produced in ecological system.In 2019-2020 periods the influence of different fertilizers (Biohumus, Macys BC 28 and Cifamin BK) on yield and fruits quality at three plum cultivars (‘Centenar’, ‘Tita’ and ‘Stanley’) was carried out in a demonstrative plot from Research Institute for Fruit Growing Pitești, Romania. Biohumus was applied to the soil in increasing dosesfrom 0.5 l/tree (respectively 415 l/ha), 0.7 l/tree (respectively 585 l/ha) to 0.9 l / tree (respectively 750 l/ha) in two moments: in spring before the start of vegetation and in autumn after the fall of the leaves.Macys BC 28 and Cifamin BK fertilizers were applied foliar in doses of 2 l/ha, respectively 1 l/ha, in two moments: after flowering and in the young fruit phase.As results of the investigations we found that: the highest fruit yield was obtained at ‘Centenar’ (47.36 kg/tree) and ‘Stanley’ (41.00 kg/tree) cultivars in fertilization variant 3 (Biohumus – 0,9 l/tree, soil application + Macys BC 28 – 2 l/ha, foliar application + Cifamin BK – 1 l/ha, foliar application);the best results regarding the fruits weight were also obtained in the 3rd fertilization variant (Biohumus – 0,9 l/tree, soil application + Macys BC 28 – 2 l/ha, foliar application + Cifamin BK – 1 l/ha, foliar application), among the varieties being noted the ‘Tita’cv. with an average fruit weight of 59. 14 g; the fruits soluble solid content was higher in the case of the fertilized variants than in the unfertilized variant and the fruits aciditywas higher in the case of the unfertilized variant than in the fertilized variants.

scholarly journals Physicochemical Fruit Characteristics of Cornelian Cherry (Cornus mas L.) Genotypes from Serbia

HortScience ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 849-853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra M. Bijelić ◽  
Branislava R. Gološin ◽  
Jelena I. Ninić Todorović ◽  
Slobodan B. Cerović ◽  
Boris M. Popović
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Soluble Solid Content ◽  
Multivariate Techniques ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Cornelian Cherry ◽  
Cornus Mas ◽  
Soluble Solid

High variability in the natural population of the cornelian cherry in the region of Serbia is an important genetic potential for use in breeding programs. In the course of a 2-year study, significant differences have been noted in morphometric characteristics (fruit weight and flesh to stone ratio were 2.11 to 6.71 g and 78.52% to 88.74%, respectively) and chemical composition of the mesocarp [content of total dry matter (TSC), soluble solid content (SSC), total acids, total and reducing sugars, sucrose, Ca-pectates, vitamin C, proteins, cellulose, anthocyanins, and tannins was recorded 18.26% to 33.39%, 17.40% to 32.37%, 1.62% to 3.75%, 11.77% to 26.30%, 9.50% to 24.07%, 0.38% to 3.25%, 0.32% to 2.44%, 14.56 to 39.22 mg/100 g fruit, 0.20% to 2.71%, 0.43% to 0.95%, 35.63 to 126.53 mg/100 g fruit, and 0.56% to 1.47%, respectively] of 18 cornelian cherry genotypes from Vojvodina Province. The data were compared and analyzed by multivariate techniques [correlation matrix calculation and principal component analysis (PCA)]. The highest positive correlation was found between TSC–SSC and total sugar–reducing sugar (r > 0.95). Using PCA, different genotypes of cornelian cherry can be grouped in clusters based on similarity in their chemical composition.

scholarly journals Vertical Distribution of Crop Load and Fruit Quality within Vase- and Y-shaped Canopies of `Elegant Lady' Peach

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 587-591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vittorio Farina ◽  
Riccardo Lo Bianco ◽  
Paolo Inglese
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Soluble Solid Content ◽  
Fruit Peel ◽  
Crop Load ◽  
Soluble Solid ◽  
Deep Layers ◽  
Peach Trees

Canopy shape and depth may influence crop uniformity of peach trees at harvest. To test this hypothesis we examined yield distribution and fruit quality changes at different canopy levels of peach trees trained to delayed vase (DV) and perpendicular Y (Y). Trees of both training forms were divided vertically into six or seven 50-cm-deep layers and fruit was harvested at commercial ripening from each layer separately. Regardless of training form, number of fruit and yield per layer were highest in the central part of the canopy, but more evenly distributed among canopy layers in Y trees. In DV trees, fruit weight decreased linearly from top to bottom, whereas it remained constant along the top and middle portion of Y canopies to decrease rapidly at the bottom. In DV trees, 83% of the fruit fell into AAA, AA and A size categories, whereas fruit of Y trees was more evenly distributed among all size categories. Hue of fruit peel color increased linearly with distance from canopy top in both training forms, but more sharply in DV trees. Fruit soluble solid content decreased linearly from canopy top to bottom, regardless of training form. A more uniform crop load distribution within the canopy in combination with a light penetration gradient resulted in greater variability of quality parameters for Y than DV trees.

scholarly journals Optimizing Crop Load for New Apple Cultivar: “WA38”

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brendon Anthony ◽  
Sara Serra ◽  
Stefano Musacchi
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Soluble Solid Content ◽  
Apple Cultivar ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Crop Load ◽  
Washington State University

Crop load management is growing increasingly important as a factor related to biennial tendencies, post-harvest disorders, and inconsistent fruit quality in apples like “Honeycrisp”. Washington State University released a new apple cultivar, called “WA38”, in 2017. Limited literature is available about the productive characteristics of this new cultivar. An experimental trial evaluating the effect of crop load on leaf area, fruit quality, mineral composition, and return bloom of “WA 38” was conducted for two consecutive years (2017 and 2018) to determine an optimal crop load. Trees were trained as a spindle and grafted on Malling-9 Nic29 (Nic29) rootstocks. Crop loads were adjusted to 2, 4, 6, and 8 fruits/cm2 of trunk cross-sectional area (TCSA). Crop load had a significant effect on production, with yields ranging from 28 to 83 MT/ha in 2017. Fruit quality was impacted by increasing crop load, with a reduction in fruit weight, soluble solid content, firmness, dry matter, titratable acidity, and a delay in maturity. Leaf-to-fruit ratios were higher in lower crop loads. Relatively consistent flower bud formation was seen at the 6 and 8 fruits/cm2 categories. A possible threshold for optimal fruit quality and consistent bloom was identified around 6 fruits/cm2 TCSA.

scholarly journals Effect of Soluble Calcium and IBA Treatments on Fruit Characteristics and Browning of Blossom End Part in `Fuyu' Sweet Persimmon

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 814F-815
Author(s):  
Wol-Soo Kim* ◽  
Young Kim
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Occurrence Rate ◽  
Soluble Solid Content ◽  
Soluble Solid ◽  
Soluble Calcium

Sweet persimmon, `Fuyu', is the major cultivar for MA storage, but browning of blossom end part (BBEP) and darkening are occurring during storage and decrease fruit qualities in fresh fruit markets in Korea. The symptom of BBEP of fruit started to occur on the blossom end part and spread to the middle and stem end part. These fruits lose their marketable values. Calcium has very important role in cell membrane in physical and physiological. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of soluble Ca treatments of fertigation (FG) and foliar application (FA) on soil properties, tree growth and fruit quality and on the occurrence of BBEP. Ca content was high in Ca FA and Ca + IBA FG compared to other treatments. This increase might affect the soil pH, and so pH followed the same pattern of Ca content in soil. In leaves and fruits, Ca content was much higher in Ca Ca FA and Ca + IBA, Ca FG, respectively. Ca content in fruit parts showed stem end part “middle part” blossom end part. In fruit quality, fruit firmness, soluble solid content and fruit weight did not show any tendency in treatments. The occurrence rate of BBEP was very low 14% in Ca FA and 20% in Ca FG than 50% in control. These results showed that Ca content in soil, leaves and fruits was increased by soil FG and FA and the increased Ca content in blossom end part have a negative relationship with BBEP in sweet persimmon.

scholarly journals Biochemical Differences between Bolted and Non-Bolted Onions

2020 ◽  
pp. 30-35
Author(s):  
Kalyani Gorrepati ◽  
A. Thangasamy ◽  
Ashok Kumar ◽  
Prashant Satpute ◽  
Major Singh
Keyword(s):  
Solid Content ◽  
Total Phenol ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Soluble Solid Content ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
Phenol Content ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
White Variety ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Soluble Solid

The present experiment was conducted to know the biochemical differences between bolted and non-bolted onion of Indian varieties. Onion is a very important vegetable consumed for its flavour and health benefits. Bolting, which is an undesirable character in onion bulb production, produces bulbs with central hard and hollow cellulosic stalk and makes them unmarketable. In this research four different varieties of onion (three red onion varieties (viz; Bhima Kiran; Bhima Shakti; N-2-4-1) and one white variety (Bhima Shweta)) were studied to verify differences between bolted and non-bolted bulbs. The results showed significant difference in total soluble solids and total phenol content in bolted and non-bolted onions. In bolted onion bulbs, total soluble solid content varied from 11.2 to 11.83 °Brix and 12.0 to 12.9 °Brix in non-bolted onion varieties. In bolted onion, the total phenol content was 27.0, 52.2, 61.3 and 65.8 mg GAE/100 g in Bhima Shweta, Bhima Kiran, N-2-4-1 and Bhima Shakti respectively. The phenol content varied from 26.2 to 48.7 mg GAE/100 g in non-bolted onion with lowest in Bhima Shweta and highest in N-2-4-1. No significant difference was observed for moisture content and total flavonoid content in bolted and non-bolted onion. 

scholarly journals Prediction of Total Phenolic Content in Extracts of Prunella Species from HPLC Profiles by Multivariate Calibration

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saliha Sahin ◽  
Esra Isik ◽  
Cevdet Demir
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Multivariate Calibration ◽  
Principal Component Regression ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Total Phenol ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
Phenol Content ◽  
Calibration Methods ◽  
Hplc Profiles

The multivariate calibration methods—principal component regression (PCR) and partial least squares (PLSs)—were employed for the prediction of total phenol contents of four Prunella species. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and spectrophotometric approaches were used to determine the total phenol content of the Prunella samples. Several preprocessing techniques such as smoothing, normalization, and column centering were employed to extract the chemically relevant information from the data after alignment with correlation optimized warping (COW). The importance of the preprocessing was investigated by calculating the root mean square error (RMSE) for the calibration set of the total phenol content of Prunella samples. The models developed based on the preprocessed data were able to predict the total phenol content with a precision comparable to that of the reference of the Folin-Ciocalteu method. PLS model seems preferable, because of its predictive and describing abilities and good interpretability of the contribution of compounds to the total phenol content. Multivariate calibration methods were constructed to model the total phenol content of the Prunella samples from the HPLC profiles and indicate peaks responsible for the total phenol content successfully.

scholarly journals Variability components and heritability of pomological and chemical characteristics in sour cherry clones of cultivar Montmorency

Genetika ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milica Fotiric ◽  
Dragan Nikolic ◽  
Vera Rakonjac
Keyword(s):  
Acid Content ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Sour Cherry ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Soluble Solid Content ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Total Acid ◽  
Fruit Length

In 12 sour cherry clones of cultivar Montmorency 5 pomological (fruit length, fruit width, fruit weight, stone weight and fruit stem length) and 4 chemical characteristics (soluble solid content, total acid content, invert sugar content and total sugar content) were investigated. Based on results of analysis of variance for all examined characteristics, variability components, coefficients of genetic and phenotypic variation and coefficient of heritability in a broader sense were calculated. Considering components of total variability, year represented the component that caused variability of majority examined characteristics in the highest percentage. Coefficients of genetic variation showed that in investigated clones total acid content varied the least (CVg = 1.79%), and the most fruit weight (CVg = 11.41%). The lowest phenotypic varying was determined for fruit length (CVf = 4.01%) but the highest for fruit weight (CVf = 13.86%). Coefficient of heritability was the highest for stone weight (h2 = 70.27%), and the lowest for total acid content (h2 = 7.73%).

scholarly journals Analysis of pomological traits in new promising sweet cherry genotypes

Genetika ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 873-880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milica Fotiric-Aksic ◽  
Tihomir Nikolic
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Soluble Solid Content ◽  
Fresh Market ◽  
Total Sugar Content ◽  
Ripening Time ◽  
Chemical Content

Sweet cherry breeding programs are interested in developing new cultivars that are very early or very late in ripening, high yielding, with excellent fruit size and quality. The aim of this study was to evaluate new, promising, sweet cherry genotypes (G-1 and G-2) for ripening time, fruit morphology and fruit chemical content, and compare it with the standard sweet cherry cultivars (Bigarreau Jaboulay, B. H. Burlat, Seneca, Hedelfiger Riesenkirsche, Germersdorfer Grosse Kirsche, Emperor Francis and Bing). Experiment was done during four consecutive years (2006-2009) in Grocka, near Belgrade. The earliest fruit ripening was recorded in G-2 (22nd April) while the latest in `Bing` (2nd June). Fruit weight varied from 5.83 g (G-2) up to 8.93 g (G-1). Soluble solid content and total sugar content were the lowest in genotype G-2 (10.48%; 8.45%, respectively) but the highest in Emperor Francis (18.28%; 15.98%, respectively). No matter the fact that some standard cultivars showed better results for some traits, genotypes G-1 and G-2 are considered very promising. So, genotype G-1 could be intended for table consumption since it ripens 2-3 days after cv. B. H. Burlat, but have much higher fruit weight. Also, genotype G-2, the earliest in this trial, showed satisfactory fruit weight for this ripening time, which makes it very interesting for fresh market production.

scholarly journals Growth and Comprehensive Quality Index of Tomato under Rain Shelters in Response to Different Irrigation and Drainage Treatments

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guang-cheng Shao ◽  
Ming-hui Wang ◽  
Na Liu ◽  
Min Yuan ◽  
Prem Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Drought Treatment ◽  
Soil Desiccation ◽  
Underground Pipe

The effects of two levels of irrigation water (100%, 60%) and buried underground pipe depths (0.8 m, 0.6 m) under rain shelters’ conditions on yield and some quality parameters of tomato were investigated. A fully randomized factorial experiment was conducted between April and August in 2011 and 2012 at Hohai University. It was found that drainage treatments enhanced biomass production, whereas soil desiccation led to biomass reduction. At 60 cm buried underground pipe depths, the drought treatments increased the mean root weight and root-shoot ratio by 14% and 39%, respectively. The main effects of drainage treatments on the fruit quality were increases in total soluble solids (TSS), soluble sugar (SS), and vitamin C (VC) compared to the control. In addition, drainage treatments increased the average yield by 13% and 9%, respectively, in both years. The drought treatments did not significantly alter fruit yield, although mean single fruit weight was slightly reduced. Instead, these treatments tend to have great potential to improve fruit quality (TSS, SS, and VC) to variable extents. In both years, the drought treatment at 60 cm buried underground pipe depths proved to possess the highest comprehensive quality index based on Principal Component Analysis.

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