scholarly journals Productivity change and its driving forces in Chinese healthcare sector

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0243460
Author(s):  
Zhensheng Chen ◽  
Xueli Chen ◽  
Tomas Baležentis ◽  
Xiaoqing Gan ◽  
Vivian Valdmanis
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Scale Efficiency ◽  
Productivity Change ◽  
Efficiency Change ◽  
Medical Reform ◽  
Tfp Growth ◽  
Demand For Health

Since the last medical reform in 2009, China’s public hospitals have been facing the changes in the institutional environment. However, the effects of reforms have not been received enough attention to deliver evidence-based implications. In this paper, we first assess the efficiency of regional public hospitals from 2011 to 2018, employing a proposed method based on an additive indicator and an aggregate directional distance function (DDF). The method applied allows for decomposing total factor productivity (TFP) indicator into three components, including technical efficiency change (TEC), total productivity (TP) and scale efficiency change (SEC). Second, following the efficiency assessment, we carry post-efficiency analysis to identify the determinants of efficiency of the public hospitals. The results show that annual average TFP growth rate is 1.38%, which is driven mainly by TEC. Regional disparities of public hospitals’ performance are expanding. Almost 75% of the regions considered show a positive TFP growth. The regression results show that the significant determinants of efficiency of regional public hospitals include the price of and demand for health services.

Productivity Analysis of Coal-fired Thermal Power Plants in India Using Malmquist Index Approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 1338-1353
Author(s):  
Amritpal Singh Dhillon ◽  
Hardik Vachharajani
Keyword(s):  
Total Factor Productivity ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Malmquist Productivity Index ◽  
Productivity Index ◽  
Scale Efficiency ◽  
Productivity Change ◽  
Factor Productivity ◽  
Efficiency Change ◽  
Tfp Growth

The sustainable socio-economic growth of any country depends on the availability of adequate and reliable power at reasonable rates. This is even true in case of a rapidly developing country like India where coal-based power plants account for the majority of electricity generation. Making use of data envelopment analysis (DEA) and Malmquist productivity index (MPI), this study analyses the productivity change of coal-fired power plants during 2002–2012. Productivity change is further decomposed into technical efficiency change (EFFCH), technological change (TECHCH), scale efficiency change (SECH), pure technical change (PECH) and total factor productivity change (TFPCH). The study revealed that 0.70 per cent of average annual total factor productivity (TFP) growth was witnessed from 2002–2003 to 2011–2012 indicating overall progress. The contribution of TECHCH in TFP growth is positive, that is, 1.3 per cent per annum. It demonstrates that expansion of the efficient frontier. However, there was a decrease in technical EFFCH of −0.6 per cent per year, indicating the adverse sign of progress. Plants in the central sector achieved maximum growth of 4.6 per cent annually. A total of 54.05 per cent of plants have recorded negative TFP growth. Power plants between 500 and 999 MW achieved the highest operational performances in all indices except SECH.

scholarly journals Productivity change in Lithuanian family farms with the sequential technology

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-222
Author(s):  
Tomas Baležentis
Keyword(s):  
Returns To Scale ◽  
Productivity Index ◽  
Scale Efficiency ◽  
Productivity Change ◽  
Family Farms ◽  
Efficiency Change ◽  
Tfp Growth ◽  
Farm Accountancy Data Network ◽  
Variable Returns To Scale ◽  
Decision Making Units

The sequential Malmquist-Luenberger productivity index was employed to assess the sources of changes in the total factor productivity in Lithuanian family farms. The research sample encompasses 200 family farms reporting to the Farm Accountancy data Network. The sequential Malmquist-Luenberger index was decomposed by taking into account scale efficiency change and variable returns to scale technology. The obtained efficiency scores suggest that years 2006 and 2009 were those of the most inefficient farming activity. Analysis of the scale efficiency scores suggested that the mixed farming should expand its operation scale in order to maintain the economic viability and competitiveness. The sequential Malmquist-Luenberger productivity index suggested that the TFP had decreased by some 2.9% throughout 2004–2009. The technical change component stagnated in 2009, yet remained the most important factor of TFP growth accounting for increase of some 14% during 2004–2009. The decreasing pure technical efficiency, however, reduced the TFP by 16%. The scale efficiency change did not play an important role. Innovative decision making units – family farms – were identified in terms of distance function and productivity index values.

scholarly journals Productivity Growth in Chinese Medical Institutions during 2009–2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 3080 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueli Chen ◽  
Vivian Valdmanis ◽  
Tuotuo Yu
Keyword(s):  
Large Population ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Scale Efficiency ◽  
Efficiency Change ◽  
Tfp Growth ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
Hospital Operations ◽  
The Social ◽  
Regional Medical

China is the most populous nation and considerations of economic efficiency in the social sectors is important for maintaining the wellbeing of such a large population. This is especially true when gauging the performance of the healthcare sector treating the population. In this paper, we examine the total factor productivity (TFP) growth in Chinese medical institutions during the period 2009–2018, which experienced a systemic healthcare reform. In order to identify the contribution from each component of TFP indicators and from each provincial or regional medical institutions, a generalized decomposition of productivity gains is applied to analyze hospital operations based on an aggregate directional distance function (DDF). The results show that the annual average TFP growth rate in Chinese medical institutions is 1.87% that is mainly driven by technological progress (0.75%, per annum), while less contributed by technical efficiency change (0.65%, p.a.) and scale efficiency change (0.47%, p.a.). Disparities of provincial hospital performances are observed that may provide policy implications for decision makers.

scholarly journals A Comparative Analysis of the Productivity of Islamic and Conventional Mutual Funds in Indonesia: Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and General Least Square (GLS) Approaches

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 183 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Shabri Abd. Majid ◽  
Hartomi Maulana
Keyword(s):  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Mutual Funds ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Scale Efficiency ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Efficiency Change ◽  
Tfp Growth ◽  
Efficiency Measures ◽  
Gls Estimation ◽  
Unit Trust

This paper is an extended version of our earlier study (Abd. Majid and Maulana 2010) to further re-examine the relative efficiencies of selected Islamic and conventional mutual funds companies in Indonesia during the period 2004 to 2007 and their determinants. To measure their efficiencies, the output-input data consisting of a panel of conventional and Islamic mutual funds companies are empirically examined based on the most commonly used non-parametric approach, namely, Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). It also attempts to investigate the influence of the mutual funds companies’ characteristicson efficiency measures using the Generalized Least Square (GLS) estimation. The study finds that, on average, the Indonesian mutual funds companies experienced a decrease in Total Factor Productivity (TFP) growth. It is mainly caused by a decline in both efficiency and technical efficiencies, where the efficiency change is largely contributed by the changes in pure efficiency rather than scale efficiency. Additionally, the study also documents that the funds size negatively affects efficiency. This indicates that due to its diseconomies of scale, a larger mutual funds company is less efficient than a smaller funds company. Finally, in comparing the efficiency of the mutual funds companies, the study finds that, on average, the Islamic unit trust companies perform more poorly than their conventionalcounterparts.

Determinants of Judicial Efficiency Change: Evidence from Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago A. Fauvrelle ◽  
Alessio Tony C Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Productivity Growth ◽  
Technical Change ◽  
State Courts ◽  
Scale Efficiency ◽  
Productivity Change ◽  
Efficiency Change ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Judicial Efficiency ◽  
Shift Effect ◽  
Using Data

AbstractJudicial efficiency matters for economic development. Nevertheless, the determinants of judicial productivity growth are not entirely understood. Using data of Brazil's state courts for the period of 2009 to 2014, this paper analyzes judicial productivity change and its possible determinants over time in a two stage approach. First, data envelopment analysis is used to calculate Malmquist productivity measures which are decomposed in: technical change (frontier-shift effect) and efficiency change (composed of pure efficiency change and scale efficiency change). In the second stage, fixed effect models are estimated to evaluate the associated factors with judicial productivity growth. The first stage results show a slight improvement in judicial productivity trend, which is defined mainly by efficiency change, since technical change deteriorated in the period. The second stage findings suggest the nonexistence of a trade-off between judicial quality and efficiency improvement. Moreover, judges’ remuneration, legal complexity and technological use are correlated with judicial productivity, however not always in the expected direction.

scholarly journals Decomposition of Total Factor Productivity Change in the U.S. Hog Industry

2008 ◽  
Vol 40 (01) ◽  
pp. 137-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nigel Key ◽  
William McBride ◽  
Roberto Mosheim
Keyword(s):  
Total Factor Productivity ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Scale Efficiency ◽  
Productivity Change ◽  
Factor Productivity ◽  
Hog Industry ◽  
Frontier Analysis ◽  
Tfp Growth ◽  
The U.S

The U.S. hog industry has experienced dramatic structural changes and rapid increases in farm productivity. A stochastic frontier analysis is used to measure hog enterprise total factor productivity (TFP) growth between 1992 and 2004 and to decompose this growth into technical change and changes in technical efficiency, scale efficiency, and allocative efficiency. Productivity gains over the 12-year period are found to be explained almost entirely by technical progress and by improvements in scale efficiency. Differences in TFP growth rates in the Southeast and Heartland regions were found to be explained primarily by differences in farm size growth rates.

Efficiency, productivity and Islamic banks: an application of DEA and Malmquist index

Humanomics ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Abbas ◽  
Rayan S Hammad ◽  
Mohamed Fathy Elshahat ◽  
Toseef Azid
Keyword(s):  
Malmquist Index ◽  
Productivity Index ◽  
Scale Efficiency ◽  
Productivity Change ◽  
Islamic Banks ◽  
Efficiency Change ◽  
Lower Growth ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Future Policy ◽  
Conventional Banks

Purpose – This paper aims to compute the Malmquist Index of Islamic and conventional banks to compare their performance in the sample period of 2005-2009. Islamic banks have been showing tremendous growth throughout the world in recent past. Their progress is exceptional in Islamic countries on account of patronization for religious reasons. There existed vacuum in research of their productivity change over the years. Design/methodology/approach – This study tries to apply the Malmquist Index. The Malmquist Total Factor Productivity Index has been further divided into Efficiency Change Index, Technological Change Index, Pure Efficiency Change Index and Scale Efficiency Change Index to obtain an insight about the reasons for the change in productivity. Findings – Results indicate that the productivity of Islamic banks decreased in 2007 but it increased in 2008 to 2009. Islamic banks had higher productivity growth from 2005 to 2006, but they experienced lower growth in subsequent years as compared to their conventional counterparts. Research limitations/implications – Data were not available before 2005 in Pakistan. Practical implications – This study is helpful for the investors and bankers for formulating the future policy. Social implications – This study also provides a guideline for establishing the ethical financial institutions. Originality/value – This is an original attempt.

scholarly journals TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH IN CHINA’S CORN FARMING: AN APPLICATION OF GENERALIZED PRODUCTIVITY INDICATOR

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 1189-1208
Author(s):  
Zhiyong Niu ◽  
Yining Zhang ◽  
Tianxiang Li ◽  
Tomas Baležentis ◽  
Dalia Štreimikienė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Factor Productivity ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
General Setting ◽  
Scale Efficiency ◽  
Production Data ◽  
Factor Productivity ◽  
Efficiency Change ◽  
Corn Production ◽  
Tfp Growth ◽  
Input And Output

Total factor productivity (TFP) growth measures usually focus on a certain direction of optimization and ignore the general setting encompassing the input and output orientations simultaneously. This paper uses the generalized Luenberger-Hicks-Moorsteen (LHM) TFP indicator which is additively complete and can be decomposed by three mutually exclusive elements. The input- and output-oriented analysis is undertaken in order to derive the generalized TFP measured. The paper uses the corn production data from 19 Chinese provinces over the period of 2004–2017. This research is important as China is the second largest corn producer in the world. The TFP growth was observed for Chinese corn farming the rate of 0.56% per year. The technological progress (0.48%) was the major source of the TFP growth, whereas the importance of the technical efficiency change (0.09%) and scale efficiency change (–0.01%) was negligible.

scholarly journals Three essays on food security, agricultural productivity, and commodity basis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Mohammad Hasan Mobarok
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Security Policy ◽  
Agricultural Productivity ◽  
Women's Empowerment ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Women’S Empowerment ◽  
Scale Efficiency ◽  
Productivity Change ◽  
Efficiency Change ◽  
Rice Market

The proposed research is constructed around the theme of food security, agricultural productivity, and commodity basis. The first paper analyzes the impacts of COVID-19 on the Bangladesh rice market within the framework of a partial equilibrium regime-switching model. We provide an initial estimate of the short- and long-run effects of COVID-19 on the Bangladesh rice market and food security sustainability by comparing baseline projections. We analyze the effect of shocks in policies related to trade, public stock, and productivity on rice supply, demand, and food security dimensions. Finally, we assess the effectiveness of these policies to smooth out shocks that may arise from a future pandemic like COVID-19. In the second essay, we analyze the relationship between women's empowerment in agriculture and Bangladesh rice farm productivity change and its components, which include efficiency change, technological change, and scale efficiency change. We employ the non-parametric Malmquist approach and bootstrap regression method. We find that improvements in women's empowerment in agriculture, specifically enhancing their ability to make independent choices regarding agricultural production, have a statistically significant positive association with productivity change, efficiency change, and technical change. We also find that lowering the gender parity gap is positively related to improving the productivity of the sample farms. In the third essay, we analyze the effect of precipitation variations, namely local, growing season, and regional precipitation, on Missouri corn and soybean basis. We document statistically significant linear and nonlinear basis responses in corn and soybean models for local and growing season precipitation variations. We also find a statistically significant moderating effect of port distance measure on the curvilinearity of the association between regional precipitation and soybean basis. Keywords: food security; policy analysis; women's empowerment; Malmquist; imate change; precipitation

scholarly journals Women’s empowerment in agriculture and productivity change: The case of Bangladesh rice farms

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0255589
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hasan Mobarok ◽  
Theodoros Skevas ◽  
Wyatt Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Technical Change ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Women's Empowerment ◽  
Women’S Empowerment ◽  
Specific Productivity ◽  
Scale Efficiency ◽  
Productivity Change ◽  
Efficiency Change ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Farm Productivity

Using productivity change as a measure of farm economic performance, we analyze the relationship between women’s empowerment in agriculture and farm productivity change and its components, which include efficiency change, technological change, and scale efficiency change. A non-parametric Malmquist approach is used to measure farm specific productivity change and its decomposition. We use a bootstrap regression to analyze factors that cause differences in productivity change and its components, testing, in particular, the role women’s empowerment plays. The empirical application focuses on a sample of Bangladesh rice farms over the crop cultivation period 2011 and 2014. Results suggest that improvements in women’s empowerment in agriculture were associated with higher levels of productivity change, efficiency change, and technical change, while they had no impact on scale efficiency change. We find that empowering women, specifically, improving their ability to make independent choices regarding agricultural production had a statistically significant positive association with productivity change, efficiency change, and technical change. We also find that lowering the gender parity gap is positively related with improving productivity of the sample farms.

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