scholarly journals Modified-Chronic Disease Score (M-CDS): Predicting the individual risk of death using drug prescriptions

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. e0240899
Author(s):  
Marica Iommi ◽  
Simona Rosa ◽  
Michele Fusaroli ◽  
Paola Rucci ◽  
Maria Pia Fantini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Drug Prescriptions ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Disease Score ◽  
Chronic Disease Score ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
The Individual

scholarly journals A novel superior medication-based chronic disease score predicted all-cause mortality in independent geriatric cohorts

2019 ◽  
Vol 105 ◽  
pp. 112-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renate Quinzler ◽  
Michael H. Freitag ◽  
Birgitt Wiese ◽  
Martin Beyer ◽  
Hermann Brenner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Disease Score ◽  
Chronic Disease Score ◽  
All Cause Mortality

scholarly journals Analysis of Emergency Situations in the Russian Federation

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (s1) ◽  
pp. s101-s101
Author(s):  
Sergei Aleksanin ◽  
Vladimir Evdokimov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Natural Phenomenon ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
List Type ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Terrorist Acts ◽  
Polynomial Trends

Introduction:Emergency situations (ES) are situations within a certain territory, which have arisen because of an accident, a dangerous natural phenomenon, natural disaster, or other that may cause or have caused human casualties, damage to human health or the environment, significant material losses, and unbalance of living conditions of people. Important characteristics of ES are suddenness and involvement of a significant number of victims who need first aid and emergency medical care. These characteristics determined the organization of the Unified State System for Emergency Prevention and Elimination of the Russian Federation.Aim:To study the structure of ES in Russia. By the scale of spread and damage caused, ES can be local, municipal, inter-municipal, regional, interregional, or federal, by the source of origin – technogenic, natural, biological, or social. The terrorist acts are usually allocated in a separate group of ES. The structure of ES, according to the EMERCOM of Russia in 2005-2017, is as follows: 1.Technogenic (59.61%)2.Natural (29.42%)3.Biological and social (9.91%)4.Major terrorist acts (1.06%)Methods:Statistical analysis was conducted. According to the EMERCOM of Russia, every year in 2005-2017 there were 422.5 ± 46.5 ES, resulting in the death of 796 ± 56 people. Polynomial trends in the number of ES and deaths, according to the EMERCOM of Russia, (with significant coefficients of determination R2 = 0.85 and R2 = 0.64, respectively) show a decrease in the number of ES and deaths.Discussion:The resulting analysis of the structure and number of ES, the number of deaths, the risk of being in an emergency, and the individual risk of death in an emergency can predict the forces and means necessary for the elimination of the consequences of ES.

scholarly journals Description of a systematic pharmaceutical care approach intended to increase the appropriateness of medication use by elderly patients

2014 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-129
Author(s):  
Daniela Petruta Primejdie ◽  
Louise Mallet ◽  
Adina Popa ◽  
Marius Traian Bojita
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Nursing Home ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Pharmaceutical Care ◽  
Active Drug ◽  
Care Team ◽  
Disease Score ◽  
Drug Related Problems ◽  
Chronic Disease Score ◽  
Care Approach

Background & Aims. The pharmaceutical care practice represents a model of responsible pharmacist involvement in the pharmacotherapy optimization of various population groups, including the elderly, known to be at risk for drug-related problems. Romanian pharmacists could use validated pharmaceutical care experiences to confirm their role as health-care professionals.This descriptive research presents the application in two real and different environments of practice of a structured pharmaceutical care approach conceived as the basis for a medication review activity and aiming at the identification and resolution of the drug related problems in the elderly.Patients and methods. Two patients with similar degree of disease-burden complexity, receiving care in different health-care environments (The Geriatric Ward of the Royal Victoria Hospital from the McGill University Health Centre in Montréal, Québec, Canada, in November 2010, and an urban nursing-home facility in Cluj-Napoca, Romania, in March 2011), were chosen for the analysis. One clinical pharmacist suggested solutions for the management of each of the active drug-related problems identified, using the systematic pharmaceutical care approach and specific published geriatric pharmacotherapy recommendations. The number of the drug-related problems identified and the degree of the care-team acceptance of the pharmacists’ solutions were noted for each patient.Results. The pharmacist found 6 active drug-related problems for the hospitalized patient (72 year-old, Chronic Disease Score 9) and 7 potential ones for the nursing-home resident (79 year-old, Chronic Disease Score 8), involving misuse, underuse and overuse of medications. Each patient had 3 geriatric syndromes at baseline. The therapy changes suggested by the pharmacist were implemented for the hospitalized patient, through collaboration with the health-care team. For the nursing home resident, the pharmacist identified the need for additional 6 medications and safety and efficacy arguments to cease 7 initial therapies, simplifying the therapeutic daily schedule (from 24 daily doses to 15).Conclusion. The pharmacist’s potential contribution to the optimization of the Romanian elderly patients’ pharmacotherapy needs further exploration, as potential drug related problems reported as characteristic for this population were easily identified. The presented structured and validated model of pharmaceutical care approach could be used to this end. Its dissemination and use could be encouraged along with the enhancement of pharmacotherapy information and care team collaboration skills.

scholarly journals Computing Individual Risks Based on Family History in Genetic Disease in the Presence of Competing Risks

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory Nuel ◽  
Alexandra Lefebvre ◽  
Olivier Bouaziz
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Posterior Distribution ◽  
Genetic Disease ◽  
Hazard Rate ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Disease Onset ◽  
Competing Risk ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
The Individual

When considering a genetic disease with variable age at onset (e.g., familial amyloid neuropathy, cancers), computing the individual risk of the disease based on family history (FH) is of critical interest for both clinicians and patients. Such a risk is very challenging to compute because 1 the genotype X of the individual of interest is in general unknown, 2 the posterior distribution PX∣FH,T>t changes with t (T is the age at disease onset for the targeted individual), and 3 the competing risk of death is not negligible. In this work, we present modeling of this problem using a Bayesian network mixed with (right-censored) survival outcomes where hazard rates only depend on the genotype of each individual. We explain how belief propagation can be used to obtain posterior distribution of genotypes given the FH and how to obtain a time-dependent posterior hazard rate for any individual in the pedigree. Finally, we use this posterior hazard rate to compute individual risk, with or without the competing risk of death. Our method is illustrated using the Claus-Easton model for breast cancer. The competing risk of death is derived from the national French registry.

scholarly journals Prediction of COVID-19 Prognosis By Heterogeneity Analysis Based on Chest CT Scans

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Yang ◽  
Bei Zhang ◽  
Lichen Gao ◽  
Jian Zhang ◽  
Huaiming Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Ground Glass Opacity ◽  
Histogram Analysis ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Hospital Stays ◽  
Heterogeneity Analysis ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Performance Heterogeneity

Abstract BackgroundGround-glass opacity (GGO) and consolidation opacity (CLO) are the common CT lung opacities, and their heterogeneity may have potential for prognosis in COVID-19 patients. This study aimed to estimate clinical outcome in individual COVID-19 patient by using histogram heterogeneity analysis based on CT opacities. Methods71 COVID-19 cases’ medical records were retrospectively reviewed from a designated hospital in Wuhan, China, from January 24th to February 28th at the early stage of pandemic. Two characteristic lung abnormity opacities, GGO and CLO were drawn on CT images to identify the heterogeneity by using quantitative histogram analysis. The parameters (mean, mode, kurtosis, skewness) were derived from histograms to evaluate the accuracy of clinical classification and outcome prediction. Nomograms were built to predict the risk of death and median length of hospital stays (LOS), respectively. Results A total of 57 cases were eligible for the study cohort after exclusion 14 cases. The most highly frequency of lung abnormalities was GGO mixed with CLO in both survival population (26 in 42, 61.9%) and died population (10 in 15, 66.7%). The best performance heterogeneity parameters to discriminate severe type from mild/moderate counterparts were as following: GGO_skewness: specificity=66.67%, sensitivity=78.12%, AUC=0.706; CLO_mean: specificity=70.00%, sensitivity=76.92%, AUC=0.746. Nomogram based on histogram parameters has the ability to predict the individual risk of death and the prolonged median LOS of COVID-19 patients. C-indexes were 0.763 and 0.888 for risk of death and prolonged median LOS, respectively.ConclusionsThe histogram analysis method based on GGO and CLO has the ability for individual risk prediction in COVID-19 patients.

The Pitt Bacteremia Score, Charlson Comorbidity Index and Chronic Disease Score are useful tools for the prediction of mortality in patients with Candida bloodstream infection

Mycoses ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (10) ◽  
pp. 676-685 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Paz Vaquero-Herrero ◽  
Silvio Ragozzino ◽  
Fabián Castaño-Romero ◽  
María Siller-Ruiz ◽  
Rebeca Sánchez González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Bloodstream Infection ◽  
Charlson Comorbidity Index ◽  
Disease Score ◽  
Chronic Disease Score ◽  
Prediction Of Mortality ◽  
Comorbidity Index ◽  
Candida Bloodstream Infection

Chronic Disease Score as a Predictor of Hospitalization

Epidemiology ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 340-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen G. Putnam ◽  
Diana S. M. Buist ◽  
Paul Fishman ◽  
Susan E. Andrade ◽  
Myde Boles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Disease Score ◽  
Chronic Disease Score
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