scholarly journals Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) face-mask ventilation is an easy and cheap option to manage a massive influx of patients presenting acute respiratory failure during the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak: A retrospective cohort study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. e0240645
Author(s):  
Sophie Alviset ◽  
Quentin Riller ◽  
Jérôme Aboab ◽  
Kelly Dilworth ◽  
Pierre-Antoine Billy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure ◽  
Acute Respiratory Failure ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Airway Pressure ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Positive Airway Pressure ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
Mask Ventilation

scholarly journals Continuous positive airway pressure face-mask ventilation to manage massive influx of patients requiring respiratory support during the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Alviset ◽  
Q. Riller ◽  
J. Aboab ◽  
K. Dilworth ◽  
PA. Billy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure ◽  
Airway Pressure ◽  
Positive Airway Pressure ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
Respiratory Support ◽  
Mask Ventilation ◽  
Invasive Ventilation ◽  
Massive Influx ◽  
High Flow Oxygen

AbstractBackgroundSince December 2019, a global outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is responsible for massive influx of patients with acute respiratory failure in hospitals. We describe the characteristics, clinical course, and outcomes of COVID-19 patients treated with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in a large public hospital in France.MethodIt is a single centre retrospective observational cohort. From 27th March to 23rd April, consecutive patients who had signs of respiratory failure or were unable to maintain an SpO2 > 90%, despite receiving 10 to 15 l/min of oxygen with a non-rebreather mask, were treated by CPAP with a face-mask unless the ICU physician judged that immediate intubation was indicated. The main outcomes under study were reasons for CPAP discontinuation and mortality.ResultsA total of 585 patients were admitted in Delafontaine hospital for severe COVID-19. ICU was quickly overwhelmed. Fifty-nine out of 159 (37%) patients requiring ICU care had to be referred to other hospitals. CPAP therapy was initiated in 49 patients and performed out of ICU in 41 (84%). SARS-CoV2 pneumonia was confirmed by PCR from respiratory tract in 39 (79%) patients and by thoracic CT scan in the remaining patients. CPAP was performed out of ICU in 41 (84%) cases. Median age was 65 years (IQR=54-71). Median duration of CPAP treatment was 3 days (IQR=1-5). Reasons for discontinuation of CPAP were intubation for invasive ventilation in 25 (51%) patients, improvement in 16 (33%), poor tolerance in 6 (12%) and death in 2 (4%). A decision not to intubate had been taken for the 2 patients who died while on CPAP.ConclusionsTreatment with CPAP is feasible and safe in a non-ICU environment in the context of a massive influx of patients. One third of these patients with high oxygen requirements did not eventually need invasive ventilation.Key messagesWhat is the key question?What is the best respiratory support strategy to manage a massive influx of patients with hypoxemic respiratory failure despite high-flow oxygen delivered with a non-rebreather mask?What is the bottom line?Continuous positive airway pressure face mask ventilation delivered in non-ICU wards to patients who do not require immediate intubation is feasible and safe.Why read on?Face mask ventilation with CPAP should be considered as an option of respiratory support in the context of the on-going COVID-19 pandemic and limited availability of ICU beds.

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