scholarly journals Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with dysregulated bile acid synthesis and diarrhea: A prospective observational study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. e0211348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard N. Appleby ◽  
Iman Moghul ◽  
Shahid Khan ◽  
Michael Yee ◽  
Pinelope Manousou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Bile Acid ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Bile Acid Synthesis ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

scholarly journals Prevalence trends in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease at the global, regional and national levels, 1990–2017: a population-based observational study

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. e036663
Author(s):  
Xiaojun Ge ◽  
Limei Zheng ◽  
Mei Wang ◽  
Yuxuan Du ◽  
Junyao Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

ObjectiveNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the leading cause of end-stage liver diseases worldwide. Understanding NAFLD prevalence and trends over time at the global, regional and national levels is critical to understanding the NAFLD disease burden and creating more tailored prevention strategies.DesignPopulation-based observational study.SettingThe study was global, including 21 regions and 195 countries or territories.Main outcomes measureThe estimated annual percentage change for NAFLD prevalence.ResultsWorldwide, cases of NAFLD have increased from 391.2 million in 1990 to 882.1 million in 2017, with the prevalence rate increasing from 8.2% to 10.9% during the same period. The increasing trends were consistent across sexes. Case numbers were highest in East Asia, followed by South Asia, then North Africa and the Middle East. The highest prevalence of NAFLD was observed in North Africa and the Middle East, while the greatest increase was detected in Western Europe, followed by Tropical Latin America, then high-income North America.ConclusionNearly all countries or territories worldwide have experienced a significant increase in NAFLD prevalence. The greatest increase was observed in Oman. Almost all countries showed a significant increasing trend in NAFLD prevalence over the past three decades. This drastic increase is alarming and suggests that NAFLD has emerged as a new public health concern worldwide. As such, more efficient prevention strategies are urgently needed.

310 Bile Acid Diarrhea Is Associated With Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 148 (4) ◽  
pp. S-68-S-69
Author(s):  
Richard N. Appleby ◽  
Jonathan D. Nolan ◽  
Ian M. Johnston ◽  
Sanjeev S. Pattni ◽  
Jessica M. Fox ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Bile Acid ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

scholarly journals Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR) Activation by 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-Dioxin (TCDD) Dose-Dependently Shifts the Gut Microbiome Consistent with the Progression of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (22) ◽  
pp. 12431
Author(s):  
Russell R. Fling ◽  
Timothy R. Zacharewski
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Bile Acid ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Bile Acids ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Bile Acid Metabolism ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Gut dysbiosis with disrupted enterohepatic bile acid metabolism is commonly associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and recapitulated in a NAFLD-phenotype elicited by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) in mice. TCDD induces hepatic fat accumulation and increases levels of secondary bile acids, including taurolithocholic acid and deoxycholic acid (microbial modified bile acids involved in host bile acid regulation signaling pathways). To investigate the effects of TCDD on the gut microbiota, the cecum contents of male C57BL/6 mice orally gavaged with sesame oil vehicle or 0.3, 3, or 30 µg/kg TCDD were examined using shotgun metagenomic sequencing. Taxonomic analysis identified dose-dependent increases in Lactobacillus species (i.e., Lactobacillus reuteri). Increased species were also associated with dose-dependent increases in bile salt hydrolase sequences, responsible for deconjugation reactions in secondary bile acid metabolism. Increased L. reuteri levels were further associated with mevalonate-dependent isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) biosynthesis and o-succinylbenzoate synthase, a menaquinone biosynthesis associated gene. Analysis of the gut microbiomes from cirrhosis patients identified an increased abundance of genes from the mevalonate-dependent IPP biosynthesis as well as several other menaquinone biosynthesis genes, including o-succinylbenzoate synthase. These results extend the association of lactobacilli with the AhR/intestinal axis in NAFLD progression and highlight the similarities between TCDD-elicited phenotypes in mice to human NAFLD.

scholarly journals Red Quinoa Bran Extract Prevented Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease via Increasing Antioxidative System and Repressing Fatty Acid Synthesis Factors in Mice Fed Alcohol Liquid Diet

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (22) ◽  
pp. 6973
Author(s):  
Ting-An Lin ◽  
Bo-Jun Ke ◽  
Shih-Cheng Cheng ◽  
Chun-Lin Lee
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthesis ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Ethanol Extraction ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Alcohol is metabolized in liver. Chronic alcohol abuse results in alcohol-induced fatty liver and liver injury. Red quinoa (Chenopodium formosanum) was a traditional staple food for Taiwanese aborigines. Red quinoa bran (RQB) included strong anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory polyphenolic compounds, but it was usually regarded as the agricultural waste. Therefore, this study is to investigate the effect of water and ethanol extraction products of RQB on the prevention of liquid alcoholic diet-induced acute liver injury in mice. The mice were given whole grain powder of red quinoa (RQ-P), RQB ethanol extract (RQB-E), RQB water extract (RQB-W), and rutin orally for 6 weeks, respectively. The results indicated that RQB-E, RQB-W, and rutin decreased alcoholic diet-induced activities of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase, and the levels of serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, and hepatic triglyceride. Hematoxylin and eosin staining of liver tissues showed that RQB-E and RQB-W reduced lipid droplet accumulation and liver injury. However, ethanol extraction process can gain high rutin and antioxidative agents contents from red quinoa, that showed strong effects in preventing alcoholic fatty liver disease and liver injury via increasing superoxide dismutase/catalase antioxidative system and repressing the expressions of fatty acid synthesis enzyme acetyl-CoA carboxylase.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document