scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors for faecal carriage of Extended Spectrum β-lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae among food handlers in lower basic schools in West Coast Region of The Gambia

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. e0200894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bakary Sanneh ◽  
Abou Kebbeh ◽  
Haruna S. Jallow ◽  
Yaya Camara ◽  
Lusubilo Witson Mwamakamba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
West Coast ◽  
The Gambia ◽  
Food Handlers ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Faecal Carriage ◽  
Coast Region

scholarly journals High faecal carriage of multi-drug resistant Enterobacteriaceae and other gram negative strains among food handlers in Cosmopolitan Cities of The Gambia

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-189
Author(s):  
Bakary Sanneh ◽  
Ollie Diane Riley ◽  
Haruna S. Jallow ◽  
Abou Kebbeh ◽  
Yaya Camara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
West Coast ◽  
The Gambia ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Food Handlers ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Fecal Carriage ◽  
Coast Region

The introductions of advanced antibiotics have triggered complex versions of resistant genes in gram-negative bacteria. In a generation witness limited discovery of antibiotics makes this phenomenon a major public health threat. This study aims to establish the fecal carriage rate of multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae strains among food handlers. Data was extracted from a prospective cross-sectional study – ‘Prevalence and risk factors of fecal carriage of Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae amongst food handlers in Lower Basic Schools in West Coast region of The Gambia. The study enrolled 600 randomly selected food handlers (565 of which had complete data set) from 60 lower basic schools in 7 districts in the West Coast Region of The Gambia. Stool samples were collected from the participants and screened for resistance to cefotaxim. Isolated organisms were further tested for susceptibility to cephalosporins, carbapenems, fluoroquinolones and other families of antimicrobials as per Clinical Standard Laboratory Institute guidelines. The association of risk factors to fecal carriage of resistant Enterobacteriacea was performed using Pearson Chi squared and fishers exact (P<0.05). Results confirmed that the prevalence of Enterobacteriaceae by resistance to cefotaxime was 15.8%. 23 genus and 89 species of resistant strains were isolated. All isolates were 100% resistant to cephalosporins such as ceftriazone, cefotaxime and cefuroxime, except ceftazidime (92%). Resistance to ciprofloxacin (fluoroquinolone) was measured at 50%. Only 1.2% was resistant to imipenem (carbapenem). Most isolates were resistant to ampicillin, nitrofurantoine, erythromycin, tetracycline and cotrimaxole. Majority of the identified Enterobacteriaceae were Enterobacter aerogene (14%), Klebsiella pneumoniea (12%) and Escherichia coli (7%). This study found a high prevalence of fecal carriage multi-drug resistant Enterobacteriaceae among food handlers, mostly women, in The Gambia. The irrational prescription and use of antibiotics is a major risk factor for the proliferation of antibiotic resistance. Well-conducted surveillance is essential to implement effective control measures for the spread of antibiotic resistance urgently receommended.

scholarly journals Prevalence of sexually transmitted infections among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in West Coast Region of The Gambia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 585-592
Author(s):  
Alphonsus Isara ◽  
Aru-Kumba Baldeh
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
The Gambia ◽  
Age Group ◽  
The West ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Neisseria Gonorrhoea ◽  
Coast Region

Background: Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI) are the second most common cause of healthy life years lost by women in the 15 – 44 years age group in Africa. Aim/Objective: To determine the prevalence of STIs among pregnant women attending antenatal care (ANC) clinics in the West Coast Region of The Gambia. Materials and Methods: Blood, urine, and high vaginal swabs samples from 280 pregnant women attending ANC in Brika- ma District Hospital, Brikama, and Bandung Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Bandung were examined. Serum samples were tested for HIV using western blot technique and for syphilis using the Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) test, and rapid plasma regimen. Candida albicans, Group B Streptococcus and Neisseria gonorrhoea were identified using Analytical Profile Index (API). Direct urine microscopy was used to identify C. albicans and Trichomonas vaginalis while Chlamydia trachomatis was identified using Direct Fluorescent Antibody (DFA) test. Results: The overall prevalence of STIs was 53.6%. The pathogenic agents isolated were Candida albicans (31.8%), Strep- tococcus agalactiae (15.0%), Treponema pallidum (6.8%), HIV (5.7%), Trichomonas vaginalis (3.9%), Neisseria gonorrhoea (1.8%) and Chlamydia trachomatis (0.7%). STIs were more prevalent among women in the younger age group of 15 – 24 years (54.7%), unemployed (54.0%), Primipara (62.3%), and in the third trimester of pregnancy (72.7%). Conclusion: A high prevalence of STIs was found among pregnant women attending ANC in the West Coast region of The Gambia. Public health intervention programmes should be strengthened to promote the sexual and reproductive health of pregnant women in The Gambia. Keywords: Sexually transmitted infections; pregnant women; antenatal clinics; The Gambia.

scholarly journals Faecal carriage of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in healthy volunteers and hospitalized patients in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso: prevalence, resistance profile, and associated risk factors

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-163
Author(s):  
S. Soré ◽  
S. Sanou ◽  
Y. Sawadogo ◽  
S. Béogo ◽  
S.N.P. Dakouo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Faecal Carriage ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Background: Extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-PE) are a serious challenge to patients’ treatment. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of ESBL-PE, investigate the associated resistance, and analyze the associated risk factors for acquisition of ESBL-PE.Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted on healthy volunteers and inpatients. After obtaining informed consent, rectal swabs were collected from each participant for isolation of Enterobacteriaceae on Hektoen enteric agar containing 4µg/L cefotaxime. The Enterobacteriaceae isolates were identified using biochemical tests and ESBL production was confirmed by the double-disc synergy test of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid. Antibiotic susceptibility test of each isolate was done by the disc diffusion method and interpreted using the recommendations of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) clinical  breakpoints version 5.0.Results: During the study period, prevalence of faecal ESBL-PE among the study participants was 54.5% (103/189); 53.5% among healthy volunteers and 55.7% among inpatients (p=0.87). The major ESBL-PE isolates was Escherichia coli (71%) followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (16%). The isolates in hospitalized patients were resistant to norfloxacin (84.2%), cotrimoxazole (89.5%), and gentamicin (7.0%). The isolates from healthy volunteers were resistant to norfloxacin (86.2%), cotrimoxazole (82.8%), and gentamicin (1.7%).Gender, age, and previous antibiotic use were not significantly associated with carriage of ESBL-PE (p=0.51).Conclusion: The high prevalence of ESBL-PE in this study is worrying. There is an urgent need to develop measures to monitor and limit the spread of these multidrug-resistant organisms in healthcare facilities and the community in Burkina Faso. Keywords: faecal carriage, ESBL-PE, healthy volunteers, inpatients, Burkina Faso

Duration of colonisation by Enterobacteriaceae producing extended-spectrum β-lactamase and risk factors for persistent faecal carriage

2010 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.R. Zahar ◽  
F. Lanternier ◽  
F. Mechai ◽  
F. Filley ◽  
F. Taieb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Faecal Carriage

scholarly journals ‘We are always desperate and will try anything to conceive’: The convoluted and dynamic process of health seeking among women with infertility in the West Coast Region of The Gambia

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. e0211634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Dierickx ◽  
Julie Balen ◽  
Chia Longman ◽  
Ladan Rahbari ◽  
Ed Clarke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Process ◽  
West Coast ◽  
The Gambia ◽  
Health Seeking ◽  
The West ◽  
Coast Region

scholarly journals THE AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SERVICES MODE OF OPERATION IN HORTICULTURAL SCHEMES IN WEST COAST REGION IN KOMBO CENTRAL AND NORTH OF THE GAMBIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-57
Author(s):  
Lamin K M Fatty ◽  
Prof. Idu Ogbe Ode ◽  
Igbana Ajir
Keyword(s):  
West Coast ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Agricultural Extension ◽  
The Gambia ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Extension Services ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Mode Of Operation ◽  
Coast Region

The study assesses agricultural extension services mode of operation in horticultural farms for smallholder farmers in Kombo Central and North, West Coast Region of The Gambia. The instruments designed to gather the primary data include; structured interview and focus group discussions (FGD) supported by secondary data using official documents and key informant interview for verification. The target population consisted of 398 respondents, 10 extension officers and three extension agent heads. The data was quantitatively analyzed using percentages, frequency distribution tables, t-test, chi-squared test correlation and factorial analysis. Qualitative data from the in-depth interviews were also analyzed and presented appropriately. It was found that the variables on the influence of extension services (availability of AES, extension visit, farm size, marital status, experience in farming, education, farm group, transportation, post-harvest technology training and distance to market) are significantly associated with the horticultural smallholder farmers post-harvest losses. It means that there is a significant relationship between extension availability and post-harvest handling at p < 0.05 level of significance. The research comes out with the following recommendations; the need for continued research, development and investment programmes in extension, effective and efficient communication to the farmers, availability of horticultural production, government policy aimed at training and developing farmer capacity in appropriate monitoring systems of extension services, road improvement in the study areas and creating better improvement conditions for the extension agents. The study proves the need to improve the living conditions of services for extension services and availability of extension officers at a regular base with appropriate knowledge and skills. Keywords: Agricultural Extension Services, mode of Operation in horticultural Schemes, West Coast Region, Kombo Central, North, The Gambia.

scholarly journals Faecal carriage of extended-spectrum  -lactamase-producing Escherichia coli: prevalence, risk factors and molecular epidemiology

2008 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 1142-1149 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Rodriguez-Bano ◽  
L. Lopez-Cerero ◽  
M. D. Navarro ◽  
P. D. de Alba ◽  
A. Pascual
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Molecular Epidemiology ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Faecal Carriage

Risk factors associated with faecal carriage of extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli among dogs in Southeast Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 190 ◽  
pp. 105316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marília Salgado-Caxito ◽  
Julio A. Benavides ◽  
Jose M. Munita ◽  
Lina Rivas ◽  
Patricia García ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Southeast Brazil ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Faecal Carriage

scholarly journals HORTICULTURAL FARMERS’ ACCESS TO AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION INFORMATION ON POST-HARVEST TECHNOLOGY IN KOMBO CENTRAL AND NORTH, WEST COAST REGION, THE GAMBIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 26-39
Author(s):  
Lamin K M Fatty ◽  
Prof. Idu Ogbe Ode ◽  
Bejamin Gowon Ahule
Keyword(s):  
West Coast ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Agricultural Extension ◽  
The Gambia ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Extension Agents ◽  
Extension Services ◽  
North West ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Coast Region

The study examines agricultural extension services and post-harvest technology of horticultural crop produce for smallholder farmers in Kombo Central and North, West Coast Region of The Gambia. The instruments designed to gather the primary data include; structured interview and focus group discussions (FGD) supported by secondary data using official documents and key informant interview for verification. The target population consisted of 398 respondents, 10 extension officers and three extension agent heads. The data was quantitatively analyzed using percentages and frequency distribution tables. The results show that the current horticultural post-harvest loss management and access to relevant information from the extension agents is inadequate, no/uneasy access to available market, poor road conditions, inadequate available facilities for post-harvest produce, and low support services from the authorities. The research comes out with the following recommendations; the need for continued research, effective and efficient communication to the farmers, availability of horticultural production and post-harvest handling information, and special extension agents training on post-harvest practices. Provision of storage and processing facilities in the vicinity of the farms as crucial, road improvement in the study areas and creating better improvement conditions for the extension agents. Keywords: Agriculture Extension Services, Post-Harvest Technology, Smallholder Farmer, West Coast Region, The Gambia, Horticulture Crop Produce, Kombo Central and North

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