scholarly journals Soil Environmental Conditions and Microbial Build-Up Mediate the Effect of Plant Diversity on Soil Nitrifying and Denitrifying Enzyme Activities in Temperate Grasslands

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. e61069 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xavier Le Roux ◽  
Bernhard Schmid ◽  
Franck Poly ◽  
Romain L. Barnard ◽  
Pascal A. Niklaus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Temperate Grasslands

scholarly journals Plant diversity in sedimentary DNA obtained from high-latitude (Siberia) and high-elevation lakes (China)

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen Stoof-Leichsenring ◽  
Sisi Liu ◽  
Weihan Jia ◽  
Kai Li ◽  
Luidmila Pestryakova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lake Sediments ◽  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Mean Annual Precipitation ◽  
Reference Database ◽  
Mean Annual Temperature ◽  
Diversity Assessment ◽  
Recent Climate

Plant diversity in the Arctic and at high altitudes strongly depends on and rebounds to climatic and environmental variability and is nowadays tremendously impacted by recent climate warming. Therefore, past changes in plant diversity in the high Arctic and high-altitude regions are used to infer climatic and environmental changes through time and allow future predictions. Sedimentary DNA (sedDNA) is an established proxy for the detection of local plant diversity in lake sediments, but still relationships between environmental conditions and preservation of the plant sedDNA proxy are far from being fully understood. Studying modern relationships between environmental conditions and plant sedDNA will improve our understanding under which conditions sedDNA is well-preserved helping to a.) evaluate suitable localities for sedDNA approaches, b.) provide analogues for preservation conditions and c.) conduct reconstruction of plant diversity and climate change. This study investigates modern plant diversity applying a plant-specific metabarcoding approach on sedimentary DNA of surface sediment samples from 262 lake localities covering a large geographical, climatic and ecological gradient. Latitude ranges between 25°N and 73°N and longitude between 81°E and 161°E, including lowland lakes and elevated lakes up to 5168 m a.s.l. Further, our sampling localities cover a climatic gradient ranging in mean annual temperature between -15°C and +18°C and in mean annual precipitation between 36­ and 935 mm. The localities in Siberia span over a large vegetational gradient including tundra, open woodland and boreal forest. Lake localities in China include alpine meadow, shrub, forest and steppe and also cultivated areas. The assessment of plant diversity in the underlying dataset was conducted by a specific plant metabarcoding approach. We provide a large dataset of genetic plant diversity retrieved from surface sedimentary DNA from lakes in Siberia and China spanning over a large environmental gradient. Our dataset encompasses sedDNA sequence data of 259 surface lake sediments and three soil samples originating from Siberian and Chinese lakes. We used the established chloroplastidal P6 loop trnL marker for plant diversity assessment. The merged, filtered and assigned dataset includes 15,692,944 read counts resulting in 623 unique plant DNA sequence types which have a 100% match to either the EMBL or to the specific Arctic plant reference database. The underlying dataset includes a taxonomic list of identified plants and results from PCR replicates, as well as extraction blanks (BLANKs) and PCR negative controls (NTCs), which were run along with the investigated lake samples. This collection of plant metabarcoding data from modern lake sediments is still ongoing and additional data will be released in the future.

Plant diversity but not productivity is associated with community mycorrhization in temperate grasslands

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Leon ◽  
C. Guillermo Bueno ◽  
Martin Zobel ◽  
Jonathan A. Bennett ◽  
Giacomo Puglielli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Temperate Grasslands

scholarly journals Global associations between terrestrial producer and vertebrate consumer diversity

2008 ◽  
Vol 276 (1655) ◽  
pp. 269-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter Jetz ◽  
Holger Kreft ◽  
Gerardo Ceballos ◽  
Jens Mutke
Keyword(s):  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Biotic Interactions ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Global Test ◽  
Strong Positive Association ◽  
Functionally Diverse

In both ecology and conservation, often a strong positive association is assumed between the diversity of plants as primary producers and that of animals, specifically primary consumers. Such a relationship has been observed at small spatial scales, and a begetting of diversity by diversity is expected under various scenarios of co-evolution and co-adaptation. But positive producer–consumer richness relationships may also arise from similar associations with past opportunities for diversification or contemporary environmental conditions, or from emerging properties of plant diversity such as vegetation complexity or productivity. Here we assess whether the producer–consumer richness relationship generalizes from plot to regional scale and provide a first global test of its strength for vascular plants and endothermic vertebrates. We find strong positive richness associations, but only limited congruence of the most diverse regions. The richness of both primary and higher-level consumers increases with plant richness at similar strength and rate. Environmental conditions emerge as much stronger predictors of consumer richness, and after accounting for environmental differences little variation is explained by plant diversity. We conclude that biotic interactions and strong local associations between plants and consumers only relatively weakly scale up to broad geographical scales and to functionally diverse taxa, for which environmental constraints on richness dominate.

scholarly journals Changes in Land Use System and Environmental Factors Affect Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Density and Diversity, and Enzyme Activities in Rhizospheric Soils of Acacia senegal (L.) Willd.

ISRN Ecology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatou Ndoye ◽  
Aboubacry Kane ◽  
Eddy Léonard Ngonkeu Mangaptché ◽  
Niokhor Bakhoum ◽  
Arsène Sanon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Spore Density ◽  
Acacia Senegal ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal ◽  
Mycorrhizal Potential

The responses of the soil microbial community features associated to the legume tree Acacia senegal (L.) Willd. including both arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) diversity and soil bacterial functions, were investigated under contrasting environmental conditions. Soil samples were collected during dry and rainy seasons in two contrasting rainfall sites of Senegal (Dahra and Goudiry, in arid and semiarid zone, resp.). Soils were taken from the rhizosphere of A. senegal both in plantation and natural stands in comparison to bulk soil. A multiple analysis revealed positive correlations between soil physicochemical properties, mycorrhizal potential and enzyme activities variables. The positive effects of A. senegal trees on soil mycorrhizal potential and enzyme activities indicates that in sahelian regions, AMF spore density and diversity as well as soil microbial functions can be influenced by land-use systems (plantation versus natural population of A. senegal) and environmental conditions such as moisture and soil nutrient contents. Our study underlines the importance of prior natural AMF screening for better combinations of A. senegal seedlings with AMF species to achieve optimum plant growth improvement, and for restoration and reforestation of degraded lands.

scholarly journals Phytosociological studies on natural establishment of vegetation in an unreclaimed limestone mining

2003 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita de Cássia Frenedozo-Soave
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Community Organization ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Vegetation Community ◽  
Floristic Similarity ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Natural Establishment

Phytosociological structure was studied in limestone mining quarries at Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil. Quarries presented a chronosequence, ranging 1 to 40 years old, with focus on vegetation community organization, floristic similarity and plant diversity of three areas in different successive stages, devastated by limestone mining. A total of 1957 individuals distributed in 32 botanical families and 91 species were sampled. Low species diversity was obtained, ranged among quarries ages. In the early-established quarries, Leguminosae, Malvaceae and Sterculiaceae were the families most representative in number of species, while for the age 27, Asteraceae and Poaceae were the most representative. Diversity indices indicated that species diversity changed with the time and was function of environmental conditions.

scholarly journals Effects of low-densityPinus elliottii(Slash pine) afforestation on environmental conditions and native plant diversity, in the mountains of central Argentina

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 442-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santiago Ignacio Fiandino ◽  
Jose Omar Plevich ◽  
Juan Carlos Tarico ◽  
Cesar Nuñez ◽  
Veronica Rusch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Slash Pine ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Central Argentina ◽  
Native Plant Diversity
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