scholarly journals Coordination of olfactory receptor choice with guidance receptor expression and function in olfactory sensory neurons

PLoS Genetics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. e1007164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Puneet Dang ◽  
Stephen A. Fisher ◽  
Derek J. Stefanik ◽  
Junhyong Kim ◽  
Jonathan A. Raper
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Neurons ◽  
Olfactory Receptor ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Olfactory Sensory Neurons ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals Adaptation of olfactory receptor abundances for efficient coding

eLife ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiberiu Teşileanu ◽  
Simona Cocco ◽  
Rémi Monasson ◽  
Vijay Balasubramanian
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Neurons ◽  
Olfactory Receptor ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Olfactory Receptors ◽  
Olfactory Sensory Neurons ◽  
Birth And Death Processes ◽  
Global Context ◽  
Efficient Coding ◽  
Receptor Usage ◽  
Striking Fact

Olfactory receptor usage is highly heterogeneous, with some receptor types being orders of magnitude more abundant than others. We propose an explanation for this striking fact: the receptor distribution is tuned to maximally represent information about the olfactory environment in a regime of efficient coding that is sensitive to the global context of correlated sensor responses. This model predicts that in mammals, where olfactory sensory neurons are replaced regularly, receptor abundances should continuously adapt to odor statistics. Experimentally, increased exposure to odorants leads variously, but reproducibly, to increased, decreased, or unchanged abundances of different activated receptors. We demonstrate that this diversity of effects is required for efficient coding when sensors are broadly correlated, and provide an algorithm for predicting which olfactory receptors should increase or decrease in abundance following specific environmental changes. Finally, we give simple dynamical rules for neural birth and death processes that might underlie this adaptation.

scholarly journals Aversive Learning Increases Release Probability of Olfactory Sensory Neurons

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janardhan P. Bhattarai ◽  
Mary Schreck ◽  
Andrew H. Moberly ◽  
Wenqin Luo ◽  
Minghong Ma
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Neurons ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Olfactory Sensory Neurons ◽  
Aversive Learning ◽  
Sensory Stimuli ◽  
Release Probability ◽  
Synaptic Release ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Peripheral Sensory ◽  
Cortical Influence

AbstractPredicting danger from previously associated sensory stimuli is essential for survival. Contributions from altered peripheral sensory inputs are implicated in this process, but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here we use the mammalian olfactory system to investigate such mechanisms. Primary olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) project their axons directly to the olfactory bulb (OB) glomeruli where their synaptic release is subject to local and cortical influence and neuromodulation. Pairing optogenetic activation of a single glomerulus with foot shock in mice induces freezing to the light stimulation alone during fear retrieval. This is accompanied by an increase in OSN release probability and a reduction in GABAB receptor expression in the conditioned glomerulus. Furthermore, freezing time is positively correlated with the release probability of OSNs in fear conditioned mice. These results suggest that aversive learning increases peripheral olfactory inputs at the first synapse, which may contribute to the behavioral outcome.

Dopamine type 2 receptor expression and function in rodent sensory neurons projecting to the airways

2005 ◽  
Vol 289 (1) ◽  
pp. L153-L158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Peiser ◽  
Marcello Trevisani ◽  
David A. Groneberg ◽  
Q. Thai Dinh ◽  
Doerthe Lencer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Neurons ◽  
Receptor Activation ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Sensory Nerves ◽  
Plasma Extravasation ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Functional Studies ◽  
And Function ◽  
Rat Trachea

Agonists of the dopamine receptors have been demonstrated to have bronchodilatory properties in pathologically constricted airways. The mechanism by which these agonists induce bronchodilatation is thought to involve airway sensory nerves. In this study, the expression and function of dopamine D2 receptor were examined in sensory ganglia supplying the airways. Neuronal dopamine D2 receptor mRNA expression was demonstrated by single-cell RT-PCR following laser-assisted microdissection. The projection of the neurons to the airways was confirmed by retrograde neuronal labeling. In functional studies, dopamine D2 receptor agonists (AR-C65116AB and ropinirole) inhibited intraneuronal calcium mobilization in rat capsaicin-sensitive primary sensory neurons and capsaicin-induced plasma extravasation in the rat trachea. Our results provide support to the hypothesis that dopamine D2 receptor activation inhibits neurogenic inflammation and proinflammatory reflex responses.

scholarly journals Effects of Odor Stimulation on Antidromic Spikes in Olfactory Sensory Neurons

2008 ◽  
Vol 100 (6) ◽  
pp. 3074-3085 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Scott ◽  
Lisa Sherrill
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Sensory Neurons ◽  
Olfactory Receptor ◽  
Olfactory Receptor Neuron ◽  
Olfactory Nerve ◽  
Receptor Neuron ◽  
Odor Stimulus ◽  
Olfactory Sensory Neurons ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Receptor Neurons

Spikes were evoked in rat olfactory sensory neuron (OSN) populations by electrical stimulation of the olfactory bulb nerve layer in pentobarbital anesthetized rats. The latencies and recording positions for these compound spikes showed that they originated in olfactory epithelium. Dual simultaneous recordings indicated conduction velocities in the C-fiber range, around 0.5 m/s. These spikes are concluded to arise from antidromically activated olfactory sensory neurons. Electrical stimulation at 5 Hz was used to track changes in the size and latency of the antidromic compound population spike during the odor response. Strong odorant stimuli suppressed the spike size and prolonged its latency. The latency was prolonged throughout long odor stimuli, indicating continued activation of olfactory receptor neuron axons. The amounts of spike suppression and latency change were strongly correlated with the electroolfactogram (EOG) peak size evoked at the same site across odorants and across stimulus intensities. We conclude that the curve of antidromic spike suppression gives a reasonable representation of spiking activity in olfactory sensory neurons driven by odorants and that the correlation of peak spike suppression with the peak EOG shows the accuracy of the EOG as an estimate of intracellular potential in the population of olfactory sensory neurons. In addition, these results have important implications about traffic in olfactory nerve bundles. We did not observe multiple peaks corresponding to stimulated and unstimulated receptor neurons. This suggests synchronization of spikes in olfactory nerve, perhaps by ephaptic interactions. The long-lasting effect on spike latency shows that action potentials continue in the nerve throughout the duration of an odor stimulus in spite of many reports of depolarization block in olfactory receptor neuron cell bodies. Finally, strong odor stimulation caused almost complete block of antidromic spikes. This indicates that a very large proportion of olfactory axons was activated by single strong odor stimuli.

scholarly journals Lhx2 Determines Odorant Receptor Expression Frequency in Mature Olfactory Sensory Neurons

eNeuro ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. ENEURO.0230-16.2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangfan Zhang ◽  
William B. Titlow ◽  
Stephanie M. Biecker ◽  
Arnold J. Stromberg ◽  
Timothy S. McClintock
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Neurons ◽  
Odorant Receptor ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Olfactory Sensory Neurons ◽  
Expression Frequency

scholarly journals Purinergic receptor expression and function in rat vagal sensory neurons innervating the stomach

2019 ◽  
Vol 706 ◽  
pp. 182-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily N. Blanke ◽  
Salvatore L. Stella ◽  
Victor Ruiz-Velasco ◽  
Gregory M. Holmes
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Neurons ◽  
Purinergic Receptor ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
And Function

scholarly journals Adaptation of olfactory receptor abundances for efficient coding

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiberiu Tesileanu ◽  
Simona Cocco ◽  
Remi Monasson ◽  
Vijay Balasubramanian
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Neurons ◽  
Olfactory Receptor ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Olfactory Receptors ◽  
Olfactory Sensory Neurons ◽  
Birth And Death Processes ◽  
Global Context ◽  
Efficient Coding ◽  
Receptor Usage ◽  
Striking Fact

Olfactory receptor usage is highly heterogeneous, with some receptor types being orders of magnitude more abundant than others. We propose an explanation for this striking fact: the receptor distribution is tuned to maximally represent information about the olfactory environment in a regime of efficient coding that is sensitive to the global context of correlated sensor responses. This model predicts that in mammals, where olfactory sensory neurons are replaced regularly, receptor abundances should continuously adapt to odor statistics. Experimentally, increased exposure to odorants leads variously, but reproducibly, to increased, decreased, or unchanged abundances of different activated receptors. We demonstrate that this diversity of effects is required for efficient coding when sensors are broadly correlated, and provide an algorithm for predicting which olfactory receptors should increase or decrease in abundance following specific environmental changes. Finally, we give simple dynamical rules for neural birth and death processes that might underlie this adaptation.

scholarly journals Semiochemical responsive olfactory sensory neurons are sexually dimorphic and plastic

eLife ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aashutosh Vihani ◽  
Xiaoyang Serene Hu ◽  
Sivaji Gundala ◽  
Sachiko Koyama ◽  
Eric Block ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Neurons ◽  
Olfactory Epithelium ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Olfactory Sensory Neurons ◽  
Sexually Dimorphic ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Main Olfactory Epithelium ◽  
Distinct Cell

Understanding how genes and experience work in concert to generate phenotypic variability will provide a better understanding of individuality. Here, we considered this in the main olfactory epithelium, a chemosensory structure with over a thousand distinct cell types in mice. We identified a subpopulation of olfactory sensory neurons, defined by receptor expression, whose abundances were sexually dimorphic. This subpopulation of olfactory sensory neurons was over-represented in sex-separated mice and robustly responsive to sex-specific semiochemicals. Sex-combined housing led to an attenuation of the dimorphic representations. Single-cell sequencing analysis revealed an axis of activity-dependent gene expression amongst a subset of the dimorphic OSN populations. Finally, the pro-apoptotic gene Baxwas necessary to generate the dimorphic representations. Altogether, our results suggest a role of experience and activity in influencing homeostatic mechanisms to generate a robust sexually dimorphic phenotype in the main olfactory epithelium.

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