scholarly journals Artemisinin Combination Therapies for Treatment of Uncomplicated Malaria in Uganda

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. e7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasifa Bukirwa ◽  
Adoke Yeka ◽  
Moses R Kamya ◽  
Ambrose Talisuna ◽  
Kristin Banek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uncomplicated Malaria ◽  
Combination Therapies ◽  
Artemisinin Combination Therapies

scholarly journals Pharmacokinetic Comparison of Two Piperaquine-Containing Artemisinin Combination Therapies in Papua New Guinean Children with Uncomplicated Malaria

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 3288-3297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam Salman ◽  
Madhu Page-Sharp ◽  
Kevin T. Batty ◽  
Kaye Kose ◽  
Susan Griffin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Uncomplicated Malaria ◽  
High Performance ◽  
World Health ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Combination Therapies ◽  
Time Curve ◽  
Papua New Guinean ◽  
Artemisinin Combination Therapies

ABSTRACTPharmacokinetic differences between piperaquine (PQ) base and PQ tetraphosphate were investigated in 34 Papua New Guinean children aged 5 to 10 years treated for uncomplicated malaria with artemisinin-PQ (ART-PQ) base or dihydroartemisinin-PQ (DHA-PQ) tetraphosphate. Twelve children received ART-PQ base (two daily doses of 3 mg of ART and 18 mg of PQ base as granules/kg of body weight) as recommended by the manufacturer, with regular clinical assessment and blood sampling over 56 days. PQ concentrations in plasma samples collected from 22 children of similar ages with malaria in a previously published pharmacokinetic study of DHA-PQ tetraphosphate (three daily doses of 2.5 mg of ART and 20 mg of PQ tetraphosphate as tablets/kg of body weight) were available for comparison. The disposition of ART was also assessed in the 12 children who received ART-PQ base. Plasma PQ was assayed by high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection, and ART was assayed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Multicompartment pharmacokinetic models for PQ and ART were developed using a population-based approach. ART-PQ base was well tolerated, and initial fever abatement and parasite clearance were prompt. There were no differences between the two treatments in the values for the PQ area under the concentration-time curve from time zero to infinity (AUC0–∞), with medians of 49,451 (n= 12) and 44,556 (n= 22) μg · h/liter for ART-PQ base and DHA-PQ tetraphosphate, respectively. Recurrent parasitemia was associated with lower PQ exposure. Using a two-compartment ART model, the median AUC0–∞was 1,652 μg · h/liter. There was evidence of autoinduction of ART metabolism (relative bioavailability for the second dose, 0.27). These and previously published data suggest that a 3-day ART-PQ base regimen should be further evaluated, in line with World Health Organization recommendations for all artemisinin combination therapies.

scholarly journals Comparative Efficacies of Artemisinin Combination Therapies in Plasmodium falciparum Malaria and Polymorphism ofpfATPase6,pfcrt,pfdhfr, andpfdhpsGenes in Tea Gardens of Jalpaiguri District, India

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 2511-2517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pabitra Saha ◽  
Subhasish K. Guha ◽  
Sonali Das ◽  
Shrabanee Mullick ◽  
Swagata Ganguly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Combination Therapies ◽  
Antimalarial Drug Resistance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Private Practitioners ◽  
Mutational Pattern ◽  
Sequencing Method ◽  
Periodic Monitoring ◽  
Artemisinin Combination Therapies

ABSTRACTIn India, chloroquine has been replaced by a combination of artesunate and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (AS-SP) for uncomplicatedP. falciparummalaria. Other available combinations, artemether-lumefantrine (AM-LF) and artesunate-mefloquine (AS-MQ), not included in the national program, are widely used by private practitioners. Little is known about the therapeutic efficacy of these artemisinin combinations and the prevalence of molecular markers associated with antimalarial drug resistance. A total of 157 patients withP. falciparummonoinfection were recruited and randomized into three study groups (AS-SP, AM-LF, and AS-MQ). All patients were followed up for 42 days to study the clinical and parasitological responses according to the WHO protocol (2009). We assessed the polymorphism of thepfATPase6,pfcrt,pfdhfr, andpfdhpsgenes by the DNA-sequencing method. The PCR-corrected therapeutic efficacies of AS-SP, AM-LF, and AS-MQ were 90.6% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.793 to 0.969), 95.9% (95% CI, 0.860 to 0.995), and 100% (95% CI, 0.927 to 1.00), respectively. No specific mutational pattern was observed in thepfATPase6gene. All isolates had a K76T mutation in thepfcrtgene. In thepfdhfr-pfdhpsgenotype, quadruple mutation was frequent, and quintuple mutation was documented in 6.3% ofP. falciparumisolates. The significant failure rate of AS-SP (9.5%), although within the limit (10%) for drug policy change, was due to SP failure because of prevailing mutations inpfdhfr, I51R59N108, withpfdhps, G437and/or E540. The efficacy of this ACT needs periodic monitoring. Artemether-lumefantrine and artesunate-mefloquine are effective alternatives to the artesunate-sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine combination.

scholarly journals Artemisinin-Based Combination Therapies Are Efficacious and Safe for Treatment of Uncomplicated Malaria in HIV-Infected Ugandan Children

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 446-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kakuru ◽  
J. Achan ◽  
M. K. Muhindo ◽  
G. Ikilezi ◽  
E. Arinaitwe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uncomplicated Malaria ◽  
Combination Therapies

scholarly journals Combined Transcriptome and Proteome Profiling for Role of pfEMP1 in Antimalarial Mechanism of Action of Dihydroartemisinin

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Chen ◽  
Zhongyuan Zheng ◽  
Hui Liu ◽  
Xi Wang ◽  
Shuiqing Qu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Artemisinin Derivative ◽  
Combination Therapies ◽  
Proteomic Profiling ◽  
First Line ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Artemisinin Combination Therapies

Malaria parasites induce morphological and biochemical changes in the membranes of parasite-infected red blood cells (iRBCs) for propagation, with artemisinin combination therapies as the first-line treatments. To understand whether artemisinin targets or interacts with iRBC membrane proteins, this study investigated the molecular changes caused by dihydroartemisinin (DHA), an artemisinin derivative, in Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 using a combined transcriptomic and membrane proteomic profiling approach.

Artemisinin combination therapies

The Lancet ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 367 (9528) ◽  
pp. 2037-2039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick E Duffy ◽  
Theonest K Mutabingwa
Keyword(s):  
Combination Therapies ◽  
Artemisinin Combination Therapies
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