scholarly journals The role of spatial structure in the evolution of viral innate immunity evasion: A diffusion-reaction cellular automaton model

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e1007656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernesto Segredo-Otero ◽  
Rafael Sanjuán
Keyword(s):  
Innate Immunity ◽  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Cellular Automaton ◽  
Cellular Automaton Model ◽  
Diffusion Reaction

scholarly journals Butterfly effect and spatial structure of information spreading in a chaotic cellular automaton

2021 ◽  
Vol 103 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu-Wei Liu ◽  
J. Willsher ◽  
T. Bilitewski ◽  
Jin-Jie Li ◽  
A. Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Cellular Automaton ◽  
Information Spreading ◽  
Butterfly Effect

Role of innate immunity in chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy

2021 ◽  
pp. 135941
Author(s):  
Megan L. Uhelski ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Miriam M. Fonseca ◽  
E. Alfonso Romero-Snadoval ◽  
Patrick M. Dougherty
Keyword(s):  
Innate Immunity ◽  
Peripheral Neuropathy

scholarly journals Innate Immunity in Children and the Role of ACE2 Expression in SARS-CoV-2 Infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-382
Author(s):  
Mario Dioguardi ◽  
Angela Pia Cazzolla ◽  
Claudia Arena ◽  
Diego Sovereto ◽  
Giorgia Apollonia Caloro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Innate Immunity ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Bibliographic Search ◽  
Meta Analyses

COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019) is an emerging viral disease caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2), which leads to severe respiratory infections in humans. The first reports came in December 2019 from the city of Wuhan in the province of Hubei in China. It was immediately clear that children developed a milder disease than adults. The reasons for the milder course of the disease were attributed to several factors: innate immunity, difference in ACE2 (angiotensin-converting enzyme II) receptor expression, and previous infections with other common coronaviruses (CovH). This literature review aims to summarize aspects of innate immunity by focusing on the role of ACE2 expression and viral infections in children in modulating the antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 infection. This review was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Articles deemed potentially eligible were considered, including those dealing with COVID-19 in children and providing more up-to-date and significant data in terms of epidemiology, prognosis, course, and symptoms, focusing on the etiopathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 disease in children. The bibliographic search was conducted using the search engines PubMed and Scopus. The following search terms were entered in PubMed and Scopus: COVID-19 AND ACE2 AND Children; COVID-19 AND Immunity innate AND children. The search identified 857 records, and 18 studies were applicable based on inclusion and exclusion criteria that addressed the issues of COVID-19 concerning the role of ACE2 expression in children. The scientific literature agrees that children develop milder COVID-19 disease than adults. Milder symptomatology could be attributed to innate immunity or previous CovH virus infections, while it is not yet fully understood how the differential expression of ACE2 in children could contribute to milder disease.

scholarly journals Role of Alternative Splicing in Regulating Host Response to Viral Infection

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1720
Author(s):  
Kuo-Chieh Liao ◽  
Mariano A. Garcia-Blanco
Keyword(s):  
Innate Immunity ◽  
Alternative Splicing ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Viral Infection ◽  
Rna Splicing ◽  
Type I ◽  
Host Immune Responses ◽  
Transcriptional Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Host Virus Interactions

The importance of transcriptional regulation of host genes in innate immunity against viral infection has been widely recognized. More recently, post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms have gained appreciation as an additional and important layer of regulation to fine-tune host immune responses. Here, we review the functional significance of alternative splicing in innate immune responses to viral infection. We describe how several central components of the Type I and III interferon pathways encode spliced isoforms to regulate IFN activation and function. Additionally, the functional roles of splicing factors and modulators in antiviral immunity are discussed. Lastly, we discuss how cell death pathways are regulated by alternative splicing as well as the potential role of this regulation on host immunity and viral infection. Altogether, these studies highlight the importance of RNA splicing in regulating host–virus interactions and suggest a role in downregulating antiviral innate immunity; this may be critical to prevent pathological inflammation.

A CELLULAR AUTOMATON MODEL FOR COLLECTIVE MOTION OF MICROORGANISMS

2007 ◽  
Vol 40 (9) ◽  
pp. 161-166
Author(s):  
Yasushi Iwatani ◽  
Koichi Hashimoto ◽  
Yuki Deguchi
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automaton ◽  
Collective Motion ◽  
Cellular Automaton Model
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