scholarly journals Frequency and Prioritization of Patient Health Risks from a Structured Health Risk Assessment

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 505-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Phillips ◽  
R. E. Glasgow ◽  
G. Bello ◽  
M. G. Ory ◽  
B. A. Glenn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Patient Health

Environmental health risks

2013 ◽  
pp. 178-187
Author(s):  
Roscoe Taylor ◽  
Charles Guest
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Environmental Health ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Health Protection ◽  
Health Threat ◽  
Environmental Health Risks ◽  
Environmental Health Risk

This chapter will help you to understand the environmental health in the rapidly changing context of health protection, the usefulness of having a framework for environmental health risk assessment, and the process of identifying, evaluating, and planning a response to an environmental health threat.

scholarly journals Developing a Public Health Risk Assessment Toolkit for Mass Gatherings and Trialling for an International Multi-Sport Mass Gathering Event

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (s1) ◽  
pp. s116-s116
Author(s):  
Ellen Bloomer ◽  
Tina Endericks
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
World Health ◽  
Public Health Risk ◽  
Mass Gatherings

Introduction:Risk assessment for mass gatherings (MGs) is undertaken to enable public health authorities to systematically identify and assess the generic characteristics of an MG, which introduce or enhance particular threats and develop measures to reduce or mitigate these threats. The World Health Organization Collaborating Centres on Mass Gatherings and Global Health Security (WHO CCs) produced a comprehensive guide to MGs called “Public Health for Mass Gatherings: Key Considerations” (KC2). This is being converted into an eLearning resource. A public health risk assessment toolkit is being developed by the WHO CCs to complement and guide organizers in their planning process for the health risks associated with an MG event. Preparations for the Birmingham 2022 Commonwealth Games (BCG) are underway and it is important to involve a public health element in the planning for the BCG.Aim:To develop a public health risk assessment toolkit for MGs and pilot it as part of the planning process for the BCG.Methods:Based on KC2 principles, methods included developing and finalizing a public health risk assessment toolkit for MGs. This study also piloted the toolkit for the BCG.Results:A toolkit will be developed. Key learning will be documented on how the toolkit can be improved. The pilot will identify the key public health risks for the BCG, and assess how to mitigate them.Discussion:The development of this toolkit will be an innovative contribution to the resources available for those organizing MGs. It will support organizers to conduct risk assessments and thus maximize the potential for health from the event. Piloting the toolkit for the BCG is an opportunity for validating it, and provides valuable learning for its use in future events. It will support the risk assessment process for the BCG and share learning regarding the key risks for this event.

scholarly journals Simultaneous Health Risk Assessment of Potentially Toxic Elements in Soils and Sediments of the Guishui River Basin, Beijing

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (22) ◽  
pp. 4539
Author(s):  
Jiankang Wang ◽  
Bo Gao ◽  
Shuhua Yin ◽  
Dongyu Xu ◽  
Laisheng Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Potentially Toxic Elements ◽  
Soils And Sediments ◽  
Basin Scale

Simultaneous ecological and health risk assessments of potentially toxic elements in soils and sediments can provide substantial information on their environmental influence at the river-basin scale. Herein, soil and sediment samples were collected from the Guishui River basin to evaluate the pollution situation and the ecological and health risk of potentially toxic elements. Various indexes were utilized for quantitatively assessing their health risks. Pollution assessment by geo-accumulation index showed that Cd had “uncontaminated to moderately polluted” status in the soils and sediments. Potential ecological risk index showed that the Guishui River basin was at low risk in general, but Cd was classified as “moderate or considerable ecological risk” both in the soils and sediments. Health risk assessment calculated human exposure from soils and indicated that both non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks of the selected potentially toxic elements were lower than the acceptable levels. Health risks posed by potentially toxic elements bio-accumulated in fish, stemming from sediment resuspension, were also assessed. Non-carcinogenic hazard index indicated no adverse health effects on humans via exposure to sediments; however, in general, Cr contributed largely to health risks among the selected potentially toxic elements. Therefore, special attention needs to be paid to the Guishui River basin in the future.

scholarly journals Health Risk Assessment of Groundwater Contaminated by Oil Pollutants Based on Numerical Modeling

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (18) ◽  
pp. 3245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Bai ◽  
Kai Song ◽  
Jian Liu ◽  
Adam Khalifa Mohamed ◽  
Chenya Mou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Numerical Modeling ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Reference Sequence ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Theoretical Support

To provide theoretical support for the protection of dispersed drinking water sources of groundwater, we need to accurately evaluate the time and scope of groundwater pollution hazards to human health. This helps the decision-making process for remediation of polluted soil and groundwater in service stations. In this study, we conducted such an evaluation by coupling numerical modeling with a health risk assessment. During the research, soil and groundwater samples were collected and analyzed for 20 pollutants. Fifty-six percent of the heavy contaminants and 100% of the organic contaminants exhibited maximum values at the location of the oil depot. Gray correlation analysis showed that the correlation between background samples and soil underlying the depot was 0.375–0.567 (barely significant to insignificant). The correlation between the reference sequence of other points was 0.950–0.990 (excellent correlation). The correlation of environmental impact after oil depot leakage followed the order: organic pollutants > heavy metals > inorganic pollutants. The groundwater simulation status and predictions indicated that non-carcinogenic health risks covered 25,462 m2 at the time of investigation, and were predicted to extend to 29,593 m2 after five years and to 39,873 m2 after 10 years. Carcinogenic health risks covered 21,390 m2 at the time of investigation, and were predicted to extend to 40,093 m2 after five years and to 53,488 m2 after 10 years. This study provides theoretical support for the protection of a dispersed drinking water source such as groundwater, and also helps the decision-making process for groundwater and soil environment improvement.

Environmental health risks and assessment

2020 ◽  
pp. 196-207
Author(s):  
Wendy Heiger-Bernays ◽  
Kathryn Crawford
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Environmental Health ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Health Protection ◽  
Health Threat ◽  
Environmental Health Risks ◽  
Environmental Health Risk

This chapter will help you appreciate: environmental health in the rapidly changing context of health protection; the utility of having a framework for environmental health risk assessment; the process for conducting an environmental health risk assessment; the major strengths and limitations of risk assessment; the process of identifying, evaluating, and planning a response to an environmental health threat.

Health risk assessment of nitrate pollution in shallow groundwater: a case study in Changchun New District, China

2019 ◽  
pp. 45-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Tian ◽  
Xiujuan Liang ◽  
Yan Gong ◽  
Zhuang Kang ◽  
Hongtao Jin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Nitrate Pollution ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Skin Contact

High concentrations of nitrate in groundwater pose a threat to human health. To quantify groundwater nitrate pollution in China's Changchun New District and evaluate its human health risks, 98 groundwater samples were collected and analyzed. The spatial distribution of groundwater chemical components was variable with concentrations descending from TDS > HCO3− > Ca2+ > NO3− > SO42- > Na+ > Cl− > Mg2+ > K+ > NO2− > NH4+. Notably, NO3− concentrations ranged from 0.02–492.72 mg/L and averaged 98.62 mg/L. Over 50% of samples exceeded the Quality Standard for Groundwater of China Class III N threshold (20 mg/L). Principal component analysis determined that NO3 contamination was primarily due to the excessive use of fertilizers in agriculture. A human health risk assessment model was used to assess the potential health risks of groundwater NO3− via drinking water and skin contact pathways. Approximately 90% of adults, 66% of children, and 45% of infants had acceptable health risks in the study area. NO3− exposure risk in the towns of Longjia and Xiyingcheng was the highest, while urban areas tended to have lower exposures. The health risks of residents, especially minors and infants, were concerned.

Health Risk Assessment of Wastewater with Carbinol in Gas Field

2012 ◽  
Vol 178-181 ◽  
pp. 424-428
Author(s):  
Peng Kang Jin ◽  
Xing Wang Ning ◽  
Xin Jin ◽  
Xian Bao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Acceptable Risk ◽  
Soil Infiltration ◽  
Gas Field

The carbinol in wastewater from inhalation and direct contact present more risk to human health, as well as cause hazard to ecological environment through waste water emission directly and soil infiltration. In this paper, health risk assessment of wastewater with carbinol in gas field is performed using mathematical models of non-carcinogenic health risk assessment. The results show that the non-carcinogenic health risks caused by wastewater with carbinol are in the range of 6.33×10-5 to 9.20×10-5, which are much higher than the acceptable risk level 7.00×10-5. Through the calculation of the threshold of the carbinol concentration in the wastewater, the carbinol concentration in the wastewater is less than 24500mg/L, not on human body risks. However, the carbinol concentration in the wastewater is much than 24500mg/L, it is a health risk to human body, which provides the scientific basis for the prevention and mitigation of wastewater with carbinol health risks.

scholarly journals Spatial Distribution, Source Discrimination, and Health Risk Assessment of Arsenic and Fluoride in Drinking Water Around Brick Kilns of Vehari, Punjab, Pakistan.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Akram ◽  
Rukhsar Fatima ◽  
Atta Rasool ◽  
Allah Wasaya
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Health Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Hazard Quotient ◽  
Arsenic Concentration ◽  
Average Dose ◽  
Brick Kilns

Abstract Water is very important to maintaining life on earth. Fluoride and Arsenic pollution in groundwater is an emerging issue in the world. Atomic absorption spectrometry was used to measure total arsenic, while ion chromatography was used to determine fluoride. The present study was conducted for the health risk assessment of fluoride and arsenic in groundwater around brick kilns. 58 samples of groundwater were collected from district Vehari Punjab and were analyzed for arsenic concentration ranges from 0.330 to 11.120 µg/L, higher than the WHO recommended permissible level of arsenic in drinking water (10 µg/L). The mean value of fluoride in the water supply for drinking is 2.599 mg/L as its concentration ranges are 0.680 to 9.690 mg/L respectively. All the values of fluoride in drinking water were higher than the permissible limit according to WHO standard 1.5 mg/L. The spatial distribution of arsenic and fluoride in groundwater indicates their direct contamination with rock weathering, coal burning, and the use of cheap fuel in brick kilns. The estimated average dose (ADD), hazards quotient (HQ), as well as cancer risk (CR), were computed using statistical formulae to determine the health risks of arsenic and fluoride. The hazard quotient (HQ) values of As and F− in this research area were higher protection and safe limits (HQ > 1), having health risks to the people in this region, caused by brick kilns. Statistical parameters correlation and cluster analysis were used to determining possible contaminant sources in the study area.

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