Plasmonics for Nanoimaging and Nanospectroscopy

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi Kawata
Keyword(s):  
Surface Plasmons ◽  
Noble Metals ◽  
Slow Light ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Field Enhancement ◽  
Historical Overview ◽  
Light Effect ◽  
Photon Confinement ◽  
Plasmon Polaritons ◽  
Effect Of Surface

The science of surface plasmon polaritons, known as “plasmonics,” is reviewed from the viewpoint of applied spectroscopy. In this discussion, noble metals are regarded as reservoirs of photons exhibiting the functions of photon confinement and field enhancement at metallic nanostructures. The functions of surface plasmons are described in detail with an historical overview, and the applications of plasmonics to a variety of industry and sciences are shown. The slow light effect of surface plasmons is also discussed for nanoimaging capability of the near-field optical microscopy and tip-enhanced Raman microscopy. The future issues of plasmonics are also shown, including metamaterials and the extension to the ultraviolet and terahertz regions.

scholarly journals Near-field surface plasmon field enhancement induced by rippled surfaces

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 956-967 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario D’Acunto ◽  
Francesco Fuso ◽  
Ruggero Micheletto ◽  
Makoto Naruse ◽  
Francesco Tantussi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Plasmon ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Field Enhancement ◽  
General Technique ◽  
Electric Field Polarization ◽  
Surface Patterns ◽  
Trial And Error Method ◽  
Plasmon Polaritons ◽  
Error Method

The occurrence of plasmon resonances on metallic nanometer-scale structures is an intrinsically nanoscale phenomenon, given that the two resonance conditions (i.e., negative dielectric permittivity and large free-space wavelength in comparison with system dimensions) are realized at the same time on the nanoscale. Resonances on surface metallic nanostructures are often experimentally found by probing the structures under investigation with radiation of various frequencies following a trial-and-error method. A general technique for the tuning of these resonances is highly desirable. In this paper we address the issue of the role of local surface patterns in the tuning of these resonances as a function of wavelength and electric field polarization. The effect of nanoscale roughness on the surface plasmon polaritons of randomly patterned gold films is numerically investigated. The field enhancement and relation to specific roughness patterns is analyzed, producing many different realizations of rippled surfaces. We demonstrate that irregular patterns act as metal–dielectric–metal local nanogaps (cavities) for the resonant plasmonic field. In turn, the numerical results are compared to experimental data obtained via aperture scanning near-field optical microscopy.

Scanning Probe Microscopy of Surface Plasmons

1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 2465-2510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor I. Smolyaninov
Keyword(s):  
Surface Plasmons ◽  
Local Field ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Light Emission ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Field Enhancement ◽  
Weak Localization ◽  
Scanning Probe ◽  
Scanning Tunneling ◽  
Tunneling Microscopy

Recent development of novel scanning probe techniques such as Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), and Near-Field Optical Microscopy (NFOM) has opened new ways to study local field distribution of surface electromagnetic waves. A lot of experimental efforts have been concentrated on the study of surface plasmons (SP). Different techniques allow to excite and probe SPs with wavelengths from 1 nm down to the optical range along its entire dispersion curve. Large number of phenomena have been studied directly, such as SP scattering by individual defects, strong and weak localization of SP, SP induced local field enhancement, light emission from the tunneling junction, etc. Scanning probe techniques allow not only topography and field mapping but also surface modification and lithography on the nanometer scale. Combination of these features in the same experimental setup proved to be extremely useful in SP studies. For example, some prototype two dimensional optical elements able to control SP propagation have been demonstrated.

scholarly journals Light-induced symmetry breaking for enhancing second-harmonic generation from an ultrathin plasmonic nanocavity

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guang-Can Li ◽  
Dangyuan Lei ◽  
Meng Qiu ◽  
Wei Jin ◽  
Sheng Lan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Second Harmonic Generation ◽  
Harmonic Generation ◽  
Noble Metals ◽  
Second Harmonic ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Field Enhancement ◽  
Plasmonic Nanostructures ◽  
Far Field ◽  
Field Amplification ◽  
Gold Nanosphere

AbstractEfficient frequency up-conversion of coherent light at the nanoscale is highly demanded for a variety of modern photonic applications, but it remains challenging in nanophotonics. Surface second-order nonlinearity of noble metals can be significantly boosted up by plasmon-induced field enhancement, however the related far-field second-harmonic generation (SHG) may also be quenched in highly symmetric plasmonic nanostructures despite huge near-field amplification. Here, we demonstrate that the SHG from a single gold nanosphere is significantly enhanced when tightly coupled to a metal film, even in the absence of a plasmon resonance at the SH frequency. The light-induced electromagnetic asymmetry in the nanogap junction efficiently suppresses the cancelling of locally generated SHG fields and the SH emission is further amplified through preferential coupling to the bright, bonding dipolar resonance mode of the nanocavity. The far-field SHG conversion efficiency of up to $$3.56\times 10^{-7}$$ 3.56 × 1 0 − 7 W−1 is demonstrated from a single gold nanosphere of 100 nm diameter, two orders of magnitude higher than for complex double-resonant plasmonic nanostructures. Such highly efficient SHG from a metal nanocavity also constitutes an ultrasensitive nonlinear nanoprobe to map the distribution of longitudinal vectorial light fields in nanophotonic systems.

scholarly journals Nanofocusing of acoustic graphene plasmon polaritons for enhancing mid-infrared molecular fingerprints

Nanophotonics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 2089-2095 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirill V. Voronin ◽  
Unai Aseguinolaza Aguirreche ◽  
Rainer Hillenbrand ◽  
Valentyn S. Volkov ◽  
Pablo Alonso-González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Field Enhancement ◽  
Charge Carriers ◽  
Metallic Surface ◽  
Molecular Fingerprints ◽  
Mid Infrared ◽  
Scattering Cross Sections ◽  
Plasmon Polaritons ◽  
Mode Volume

AbstractMid-infrared (mid-IR) optical spectroscopy of molecules is of large interest in physics, chemistry, and biology. However, probing nanometric volumes of molecules is challenging because of the strong mismatch of their mid-infrared absorption and scattering cross-sections with the free-space wavelength. We suggest overcoming this difficulty by nanofocusing acoustic graphene plasmon polaritons (AGPs) – oscillations of Dirac charge carriers coupled to electromagnetic fields with extremely small wavelengths – using a taper formed by a graphene sheet above a metallic surface. We demonstrate that due to the appreciable field enhancement and mode volume reduction, the nanofocused AGPs can efficiently sense molecular fingerprints in nanometric volumes. We illustrate a possible realistic sensing sсenario based on AGP interferometry performed with a near-field microscope. Our results can open new avenues for designing tiny sensors based on graphene and other 2D polaritonic materials.

Arrays of Well-Defined Size-Tunable Metallic Nano-Cones for Plasmonic Applications

2007 ◽  
Vol 1055 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Fleischer ◽  
Florian Stade ◽  
Andreas Heeren ◽  
Michael Haeffner ◽  
Dieter P. Kern ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visible Light ◽  
Noble Metals ◽  
Strong Electric Field ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Field Enhancement ◽  
Electric Field Enhancement ◽  
Hydrogen Silsesquioxane ◽  
Ion Milling ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Field Investigations

ABSTRACTCones composed of noble metals with dimensions of the order of 100 nm, especially gold cones, are extremely well suited for optical near-field investigations using visible light. Their plasmon resonance frequency lies within the range of visible light frequencies, and upon illumination, strong electric field enhancement can be observed in the direct vicinity of the cone tip. For this purpose, a method to fabricate well-controlled nanocones with sharp tips is required. We present a top-down process in which arrays of cones are dry-etched from a metal stack on silicon. During the ion milling step, patterned hydrogen silsesquioxane resist is used as an etch mask. The resulting cones have tunable base diameters around 150 nm and tip radii down to less than 10 nm. Their optical characteristics are investigated by means of apertureless optical near-field microscopy, in which field enhancement at the cone tip is observed.

Roles and Contributions of Surface Plasmons, Evanescent Modes and Propagation Modes for Near-Field Enhancement of Nano-Slit

2006 ◽  
Vol 45 (9A) ◽  
pp. 6974-6980 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Xing Yuan ◽  
Bao Xi Xu ◽  
Hai Feng Wang ◽  
Tow Chong Chong
Keyword(s):  
Surface Plasmons ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Field Enhancement

scholarly journals Effects of gap thickness and emitter location on the photoluminescence enhancement of monolayer MoS2 in a plasmonic nanoparticle-film coupled system

Nanophotonics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 2097-2105
Author(s):  
Xiaozhuo Qi ◽  
Tsz Wing Lo ◽  
Di Liu ◽  
Lantian Feng ◽  
Yang Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Near Field ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Field Enhancement ◽  
Coupled System ◽  
Film Structure ◽  
Plasmonic Nanoparticle ◽  
Emitter Location ◽  
Radiation Properties ◽  
Radiation Enhancement ◽  
Quantum Emitters

AbstractPlasmonic nanocavities comprised of metal film-coupled nanoparticles have emerged as a versatile nanophotonic platform benefiting from their ultrasmall mode volume and large Purcell factors. In the weak-coupling regime, the particle-film gap thickness affects the photoluminescence (PL) of quantum emitters sandwiched therein. Here, we investigated the Purcell effect-enhanced PL of monolayer MoS2 inserted in the gap of a gold nanoparticle (AuNP)–alumina (Al2O3)–gold film (Au Film) structure. Under confocal illumination by a 532 nm CW laser, we observed a 7-fold PL peak intensity enhancement for the cavity-sandwiched MoS2 at an optimal Al2O3 thickness of 5 nm, corresponding to a local PL enhancement of ∼350 by normalizing the actual illumination area to the cavity’s effective near-field enhancement area. Full-wave simulations reveal a counterintuitive fact that radiation enhancement comes from the non-central area of the cavity rather than the cavity center. By scanning an electric dipole across the nanocavity, we obtained an average radiation enhancement factor of about 65 for an Al2O3 spacer thickness of 4 nm, agreeing well with the experimental thickness and indicating further PL enhancement optimization. Our results indicate the importance of configuration optimization, emitter location and excitation condition when using such plasmonic nanocavities to modulate the radiation properties of quantum emitters.

scholarly journals Photonic resonator interferometric scattering microscopy

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nantao Li ◽  
Taylor D. Canady ◽  
Qinglan Huang ◽  
Xing Wang ◽  
Glenn A. Fried ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Scattered Light ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Field Enhancement ◽  
Protein Detection ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Photonic Band Structure ◽  
Large Intensity ◽  
Photonic Band ◽  
Intensity Contrast

AbstractInterferometric scattering microscopy is increasingly employed in biomedical research owing to its extraordinary capability of detecting nano-objects individually through their intrinsic elastic scattering. To significantly improve the signal-to-noise ratio without increasing illumination intensity, we developed photonic resonator interferometric scattering microscopy (PRISM) in which a dielectric photonic crystal (PC) resonator is utilized as the sample substrate. The scattered light is amplified by the PC through resonant near-field enhancement, which then interferes with the <1% transmitted light to create a large intensity contrast. Importantly, the scattered photons assume the wavevectors delineated by PC’s photonic band structure, resulting in the ability to utilize a non-immersion objective without significant loss at illumination density as low as 25 W cm−2. An analytical model of the scattering process is discussed, followed by demonstration of virus and protein detection. The results showcase the promise of nanophotonic surfaces in the development of resonance-enhanced interferometric microscopies.

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