A 12-Rack, 180-Server Datacenter Network (DCN) Using Multiwavelength Optical Switching and Full Stack Optimization

When the size of a semiconductor is reduced by an appropriate materials processing technique to a dimension less than about twice the radius of an exciton in the bulk crystal, the band like structure of the semiconductor gives way to discrete molecular orbital electronic states. Clusters of semiconductors in a size regime lower than 2R {where R is the exciton Bohr radius; e.g. 3 nm for CdS and 7.3 nm for CdTe) are called Quantum Dots (QD) because they confine optically excited electron- hole pairs (excitons) in all three spatial dimensions. Structures based on QD are of great interest because of fast response times and non-linearity in optical switching applications.In this paper we report the first HREM analysis of the size and structure of CdTe and CdS QD formed by precipitation from a modified borosilicate glass matrix. The glass melts were quenched by pouring on brass plates, and then annealed to relieve internal stresses. QD precipitate particles were formed during subsequent "striking" heat treatments above the glass crystallization temperature, which was determined by differential thermal analysis.

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Optical Switching Networks

10.1017/cbo9780511619731 ◽

2008 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

Martin Maier

Keyword(s):

Optical Switching ◽

Switching Networks ◽

Optical Switching Networks

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On Number of Planes of Rearrangeably Nonblocking Optical Banyan Networks with Link Failures

Journal of Scientific Research ◽

10.3329/jsr.v1i1.1070 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 43-54

Author(s):

Basra Sultana ◽

Mamun-ur-Rashid Khandker

Keyword(s):

Optical Switching ◽

Blocking Probability ◽

Link Failure ◽

Link Failures ◽

Small Depth ◽

Internal Link ◽

Banyan Network ◽

Minimum Number ◽

Switch Design ◽

Banyan Networks

Vertically stacked optical banyan (VSOB) networks are attractive for serving as optical switching systems due to the desirable properties (such as the small depth and self-routing capability) of banyan network structures. Although banyan-type networks result in severe blocking and crosstalk, both these problems can be minimized by using sufficient number of banyan planes in the VSOB network structure. The number of banyan planes is minimum for rearrangeably nonblocking and maximum for strictly nonblocking structure. Both results are available for VSOB networks when there exist no internal link-failures. Since the issue of link-failure is unavoidable, we intend to find the minimum number of planes required to make a VSOB network nonblocking when some links are broken or failed in the structure. This paper presents the approximate number of planes required to make a VSOB networks rearrangeably nonblocking allowing link-failures. We also show an interesting behavior of theÂ blockingÂ probability of a faulty VSOB networks that the blocking probability may notÂ alwaysÂ increase monotonously withÂ theÂ increaseÂ ofÂ link-failures; blocking probabilityÂ decreasesÂ forÂ certain range ofÂ link-failures, and then increases again. We believe that such fluctuating behavior of blocking probability with the increase of link failure probability deserves special attention in switch design. Â Keywords: Banyan networks; Blocking probability; Switching networks; Vertical stacking; Link-failures.Â Â© 2009 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237(Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.Â DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v1i1.1070

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