scholarly journals High-speed transverse and axial optical force measurements using amplitude filter masks

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 10034 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anatolii V. Kashchuk ◽  
Timo A. Nieminen ◽  
Halina Rubinsztein-Dunlop ◽  
Alexander B. Stilgoe
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Optical Force ◽  
Force Measurements

Label-Free Detection of Bacillus anthracis Spore Uptake in Macrophage Cells Using Analytical Optical Force Measurements

2017 ◽  
Vol 89 (19) ◽  
pp. 10296-10302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin G. Hebert ◽  
Sean Hart ◽  
Tomasz A. Leski ◽  
Alex Terray ◽  
Qin Lu
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Anthracis ◽  
Optical Force ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Force Measurements ◽  
Macrophage Cells ◽  
Label Free Detection

scholarly journals Optical Force Measurements Illuminate Dynamics of Escherichia coli in Viscous Media

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Declan J. Armstrong ◽  
Timo A. Nieminen ◽  
Itia Favre-Bulle ◽  
Alexander B. Stilgoe ◽  
Isaac C. D. Lenton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Optical Force ◽  
Force Measurements ◽  
Viscous Media

scholarly journals Functional morphology of suction discs and attachment performance of the Mediterranean medicinal leech ( Hirudo verbana Carena)

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (117) ◽  
pp. 20160096 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Kampowski ◽  
Laura Eberhard ◽  
Friederike Gallenmüller ◽  
Thomas Speck ◽  
Simon Poppinga
Keyword(s):  
Functional Morphology ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Substrate Surface ◽  
Surrounding Medium ◽  
Medicinal Leech ◽  
Force Measurements ◽  
High Speed Video ◽  
Hirudo Verbana ◽  
Substrate Surface Roughness ◽  
Medicinal Leeches

Medicinal leeches use their suction discs for locomotion, adhesion to the host and, in the case of the anterior disc, also for blood ingestion. The biomechanics of their suction-based adhesion systems has been little understood until now. We investigated the functional morphology of the anterior and posterior suckers of Hirudo verbana by using light and scanning electron microscopy. Furthermore, we analysed the adhesion qualitatively and quantitatively by conducting behavioural and mechanical experiments. Our high-speed video analyses provide new insights into the attachment and detachment processes and we present a detailed description of the leech locomotion cycle. Pull-off force measurements of the anterior and posterior suction organs on seven different substrates under both aerial and water-submersed conditions reveal a significant influence of the surrounding medium, the substrate surface roughness and the tested organ on attachment forces and tenacities.

scholarly journals Optical force measurements utilizing Lanthanide Binding Tags

2009 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 402a-403a
Author(s):  
Walter Sandtner ◽  
Bernhard Egwolf ◽  
Benoit Roux ◽  
Ana M. Correa ◽  
Francisco Bezanilla
Keyword(s):  
Optical Force ◽  
Force Measurements ◽  
Lanthanide Binding Tags

scholarly journals Cats use hollow papillae to wick saliva into fur

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (49) ◽  
pp. 12377-12382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexis C. Noel ◽  
David L. Hu
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Theoretical Study ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Domestic Cat ◽  
Force Measurements ◽  
High Speed Film ◽  
Unique Shape ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Hollow Cavity

The cat tongue is covered in sharp, rear-facing spines called papillae, the precise function of which is a mystery. In this combined experimental and theoretical study, we use high-speed film, grooming force measurements, and computed tomography (CT) scanning to elucidate the mechanism by which papillae are used to groom fur. We examine the tongues of six species of cats from domestic cat to lion, spanning 30-fold in body weight. The papillae of these cats each feature a hollow cavity at the tip that spontaneously wicks saliva from the mouth and then releases it onto hairs. The unique shape of the cat’s papillae may inspire ways to clean complex hairy surfaces. We demonstrate one such application with the tongue-inspired grooming (TIGR) brush, which incorporates 3D-printed cat papillae into a silicone substrate. The TIGR brush experiences lower grooming forces than a normal hairbrush and is easier to clean.

scholarly journals High-speed force spectroscopy: microsecond force measurements using ultrashort cantilevers

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 689-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Valotteau ◽  
Fidan Sumbul ◽  
Felix Rico
Keyword(s):  
Time Scales ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Protein Unfolding ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Force Spectroscopy ◽  
Md Simulations ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Force Measurements ◽  
Cellular Mechanics ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract Complete understanding of the role of mechanical forces in biological processes requires knowledge of the mechanical properties of individual proteins and living cells. Moreover, the dynamic response of biological systems at the nano- and microscales span over several orders of magnitude in time, from sub-microseconds to several minutes. Thus, access to force measurements over a wide range of length and time scales is required. High-speed atomic force microscopy (HS-AFM) using ultrashort cantilevers has emerged as a tool to study the dynamics of biomolecules and cells at video rates. The adaptation of HS-AFM to perform high-speed force spectroscopy (HS-FS) allows probing protein unfolding and receptor/ligand unbinding up to the velocity of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations with sub-microsecond time resolution. Moreover, application of HS-FS on living cells allows probing the viscoelastic response at short time scales providing deep understanding of cytoskeleton dynamics. In this mini-review, we assess the principles and recent developments and applications of HS-FS using ultrashort cantilevers to probe molecular and cellular mechanics.

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