scholarly journals Modulator material impact on chirp, DSP, and performance in coherent digital links: comparison of the lithium niobate, indium phosphide, and silicon platforms

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (17) ◽  
pp. 22471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxime Jacques ◽  
Alireza Samani ◽  
David Patel ◽  
Eslam El-Fiky ◽  
Mohamed Morsy-Osman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Niobate ◽  
Indium Phosphide ◽  
And Performance

Lithium niobate devices in switching and multiplexing

1989 ◽  
Vol 329 (1603) ◽  
pp. 83-92 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Niobate ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Optical Switching ◽  
Integrated Optics Devices ◽  
Photonic Switching ◽  
Time Space ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
The Status ◽  
High Speed Data ◽  
And Performance

Integrated-optics devices in lithium niobate have reached a significant maturity in recent years, and several complex devices have been demonstrated. In addition to performing modulation of light in fibre-optic transmission systems, lithium niobate devices currently offer the only components for photonic switching. Thus lithium niobate devices can be used as spatial, temporal and wavelength switches in high-speed and low-speed systems. In these systems electronic signals control the lithium niobate switches, which process the optical information and which are optically interfaced to optical fibres. Hence I am not concerned with all-optical switching. Examples of applications are multiplexing and demultiplexing of high-speed data streams, bit-by-bit or word-by-word switching in, for example, time-space-time stages or in access couplers in high-speed bus systems. Switch arrays, generally operating at lower speeds (below 1 GHz), can be used for network rearrangement, digital crossconnect, protection switching and generally in situations where the frequency and code transparency of the devices can be used to advantage. The status of lithium niobate devices for switching is reviewed, and performance limitations (including those imposed by polarization properties) and trade-offs are discussed, emphasizing time- and space-switching devices and applications.

Comparative radiation resistance, temperature dependence and performance of diffused junction indium phosphide solar cells

Solar Cells ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Weinberg ◽  
C.K. Swartz ◽  
R.E. Hart ◽  
S.K. Ghandhi ◽  
J.M. Borrego ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Indium Phosphide ◽  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Radiation Resistance ◽  
And Performance

Transmission Scanning Electron Microscopy and Energy Analysis with the Siemens ELMISKOP 101

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 450-451
Author(s):  
H. M. Thieringer
Keyword(s):  
Objective Lens ◽  
Transmission Microscopy ◽  
Image Recording ◽  
Mode Of Operation ◽  
Scanning Transmission ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Convergent Beam ◽  
Ray Path ◽  
Beam Diffraction

It has repeatedly been show that with conventional electron microscopes very fine electron probes can be produced, therefore allowing various micro-techniques such as micro recording, X-ray microanalysis and convergent beam diffraction. In this paper the function and performance of an SIEMENS ELMISKOP 101 used as a scanning transmission microscope (STEM) is described. This mode of operation has some advantages over the conventional transmission microscopy (CTEM) especially for the observation of thick specimen, in spite of somewhat longer image recording times.Fig.1 shows schematically the ray path and the additional electronics of an ELMISKOP 101 working as a STEM. With a point-cathode, and using condensor I and the objective lens as a demagnifying system, an electron probe with a half-width ob about 25 Å and a typical current of 5.10-11 amp at 100 kV can be obtained in the back focal plane of the objective lens.

Angular Resolved Electron Spectroscopy with Parallel Recording

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 370-371
Author(s):  
Huang Min ◽  
P.S. Flora ◽  
C.J. Harland ◽  
J.A. Venables
Keyword(s):  
Electron Spectroscopy ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Solid Angle ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Voltage Electron ◽  
Cylindrical Mirror ◽  
Inner Radius ◽  
Channel Plate ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Type Detector

A cylindrical mirror analyser (CMA) has been built with a parallel recording detection system. It is being used for angular resolved electron spectroscopy (ARES) within a SEM. The CMA has been optimised for imaging applications; the inner cylinder contains a magnetically focused and scanned, 30kV, SEM electron-optical column. The CMA has a large inner radius (50.8mm) and a large collection solid angle (Ω > 1sterad). An energy resolution (ΔE/E) of 1-2% has been achieved. The design and performance of the combination SEM/CMA instrument has been described previously and the CMA and detector system has been used for low voltage electron spectroscopy. Here we discuss the use of the CMA for ARES and present some preliminary results.The CMA has been designed for an axis-to-ring focus and uses an annular type detector. This detector consists of a channel-plate/YAG/mirror assembly which is optically coupled to either a photomultiplier for spectroscopy or a TV camera for parallel detection.

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