scholarly journals Broadband gold nanoantennas arrays with transverse dimension effects

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (16) ◽  
pp. 17760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen-Wei Su ◽  
Kuo-Ping Chen
Keyword(s):  
Transverse Dimension

One-dimensional models of fourth and sixth orders for rods derived from three-dimensional elasticity

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erick Pruchnicki
Keyword(s):  
Order Term ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Transverse Dimension ◽  
Lagrange Equations ◽  
Transverse Shearing ◽  
Natural Boundary Conditions ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Shearing Energy ◽  
Three Dimensional Elasticity ◽  
Double Symmetry

The displacement field in rods can be approximated by using a Taylor–Young expansion in transverse dimension of the rod. These involve that the highest-order term of shear is of second order in the transverse dimension of the rod. Then we show that transverse shearing energy is removed by the fourth-order truncation of the potential energy and so we revisit the model presented by Pruchnicki. Then we consider the sixth-order truncation of the potential which includes transverse shearing and transverse normal stress energies. For these two models we show that the potential energies satisfy the stability condition of Legendre–Hadamard which is necessary for the existence of a minimizer and then we give the Euler–Lagrange equations and the natural boundary conditions associated with these potential energies. For the sake of simplicity we consider that the cross-section of the rod has double symmetry axes.

Post-retention assessment of the transverse dimension in Class I crowding alignment utilizing the Damon System—A pilot study

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-214
Author(s):  
Krystyn Blumber-Franco ◽  
P. Emile Rossouw ◽  
Peter H. Buschang ◽  
Phil M. Campbell ◽  
Richard F. Ceen
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Transverse Dimension ◽  
Class I ◽  
System A

scholarly journals Long-Term Results of a Modified Removable Expansion Plate to Increase Arch Length: A Series of 10 Cases

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 374-381
Author(s):  
Alka M. Banker ◽  
Rahul P. Muchhadia ◽  
Bhagyashree B. Desai ◽  
Priyanka A. Shah
Keyword(s):  
Transverse Dimension ◽  
Rapid Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Permanent Dentition ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Fixed Appliance ◽  
Palatal Expansion ◽  
Fixed Appliances ◽  
Complexity Cost

Crowding, protrusion, and class II or end-on occlusion are malocclusions frequently associated with a narrow transverse dimension. The goal of expansion is to reduce the need for extractions in permanent dentition through elimination of arch length discrepancies as well as correction of bony base imbalances. Gaining arch length makes the subsequent fixed appliance treatment easier and shorter. Palatal expansion is usually achieved by using fixed rapid maxillary expansion, but because of the complexity, cost, and increased laboratory steps, this step is sometimes omitted. We have modified the design and screw activation protocol of the removable Schwarz plate in such a way that it gives efficient and stable expansion as well as arch perimeter gain with simpler mechanics. We present the long-term results of 10 such cases treated with this modified expander followed by fixed appliances.

Lower-hybrid wave generation in an electron beam of finite transverse dimension

1989 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. B. Crew
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Transverse Dimension ◽  
Beam Current ◽  
Lower Hybrid ◽  
Lower Hybrid Wave ◽  
Field Geometry ◽  
Hybrid Waves ◽  
Limiting Case ◽  
Lower Hybrid Waves

The generation of lower-hybrid waves in an inhomogeneous electron beam is examined. Wave amplitudes are invariably limited by the convective nature of the instability. The self-consistent shear of the magnetic-field geometry due to the beam current is limited to the role of dividing the general problem into separate cases according to the relative orientation of the wave vector and direction of inhomogeneity. Moreover, the limiting case of small shear is smoothly connected to the case where shear is altogether negligible. Estimates of the amplification of lower-hybrid waves propagating across the electron beam are made for the various cases.

One-dimensional model of fourth order for rods with loading on lateral boundary: The case of rectangular cross section

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 2269-2287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erick Pruchnicki
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Fourth Order ◽  
Displacement Field ◽  
Rectangular Cross Section ◽  
Transverse Dimension ◽  
Lateral Boundary ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Equilibrium Equations ◽  
Lagrange Equations ◽  
One Dimensional

We propose deducing from three-dimensional elasticity a one dimensional model of a beam when the lateral boundary is not free of traction. Thus the simplification induced by the order of magnitude of transverse shearing and transverse normal stress must be removed. For the sake of simplicity we consider a beam with rectangular cross section. The displacement field in rods can be approximated by using a Taylor–Young expansion in transverse dimension of the rod and we truncate the potential energy at the fourth order. By considering exact equilibrium equations, the highest-order displacement field can be removed and the Euler–Lagrange equations are simplified.

scholarly journals Two-compartment model of inner medullary vasculature supports dual modes of vasopressin-regulated inner medullary blood flow

2010 ◽  
Vol 299 (1) ◽  
pp. F273-F279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Kim ◽  
Thomas L. Pannabecker
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Blood Flow Rate ◽  
Outer Zone ◽  
Compartment Model ◽  
Transverse Dimension ◽  
Vessel Diameter ◽  
Functional Coupling ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Transport Pathways ◽  
Vasa Recta

The outer zone of the renal inner medulla (IM) is spatially partitioned into two distinct interstitial compartments in the transverse dimension. In one compartment (the intercluster region), collecting ducts (CDs) are absent and vascular bundles are present. Ascending vasa recta (AVR) that lie within and ascend through the intercluster region (intercluster AVR are designated AVR2) participate with descending vasa recta (DVR) in classic countercurrent exchange. Direct evidence from former studies suggests that vasopressin binds to V1 receptors on smooth muscle-like pericytes that regulate vessel diameter and blood flow rate in DVR in this compartment. In a second transverse compartment (the intracluster region), DVR are absent and CDs and AVR are present. Many AVR of the intracluster compartment exhibit multiple branching, with formation of many short interconnecting segments (intracluster AVR are designated AVR1). AVR1 are linked together and connect intercluster DVR to AVR2 by way of sparse networks. Vasopressin V2 receptors regulate multiple fluid and solute transport pathways in CDs in the intracluster compartment. Reabsorbate from IMCDs, ascending thin limbs, and prebend segments passes into AVR1 and is conveyed either upward toward DVR and AVR2 of the intercluster region, or is retained within the intracluster region and is conveyed toward higher levels of the intracluster region. Thus variable rates of fluid reabsorption by CDs potentially lead to variable blood flow rates in either compartment. Net flow between the two transverse compartments would be dependent on the degree of structural and functional coupling between intracluster vessels and intercluster vessels. In the outermost IM, AVR1 pass directly from the IM to the outer medulla, bypassing vascular bundles, the primary blood outflow route. Therefore, two defined vascular pathways exist for fluid outflow from the IM. Compartmental partitioning of V1 and V2 receptors may underlie vasopressin-regulated functional compartmentation of IM blood flow.

3D quantum mechanical simulation of square nanowire MOSFETs by using NEGF method

Open Physics ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Esmaeil Dastjerdy ◽  
Rahim Ghayour ◽  
Hojjat Sarvari
Keyword(s):  
Transport Model ◽  
Silicon Nanowire ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Transverse Dimension ◽  
Quantum Mechanical ◽  
Consistent Solution ◽  
Nanowire Mosfets ◽  
Quantum Mechanical Approach ◽  
Silicon Nanowire Mosfet ◽  
Nanowire Mosfet

AbstractIn order to investigate the specifications of nanoscale transistors, we have used a three dimensional (3D) quantum mechanical approach to simulate square cross section silicon nanowire (SNW) MOSFETs. A three dimensional simulation of silicon nanowire MOSFET based on self consistent solution of Poisson-Schrödinger equations is implemented. The quantum mechanical transport model of this work uses the non-equilibrium Green’s function (NEGF) formalism. First, we simulate a double-gate (DG) silicon nanowire MOSFET and compare the results with those obtained from nanoMOS simulation. We understand that when the transverse dimension of a DG nanowire is reduced to a few nanometers, quantum confinement in that direction becomes important and 3D Schrödinger equation must be solved. Second, we simulate gate-all-around (GAA) silicon nanowire MOSFETs with different shapes of gate. We have investigated GAA-SNW-MOSFET with an octagonal gate around the wire and found out it is more suitable than a conventional GAA MOSFET for its more I on/I off, less Drain-Induced-Barrier-Lowering (DIBL) and less subthreshold slope.

scholarly journals An Innovative Direct NF-FF Transformation Technique with Helicoidal Scanning

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco D’Agostino ◽  
Flaminio Ferrara ◽  
Claudio Gennarelli ◽  
Rocco Guerriero ◽  
Massimo Migliozzi
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Fields ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Transverse Dimension ◽  
Computational Effort ◽  
Far Field ◽  
Transformation Technique ◽  
Spherical Antenna ◽  
Field Transformation ◽  
Mechanical Scanning

A direct near-field-far-field transformation with helicoidal scanning is developed. It is based on the nonredundant sampling representation of electromagnetic fields and uses a spherical antenna modelling to determine the number of helix turns. Moreover, the number of voltage samples on each of them is fixed by the maximum transverse dimension of the antenna, both to simplify the mechanical scanning and to reduce the computational effort. This technique allows the evaluation of the antenna far field directly from a minimum set of near-field data without interpolating them. Although the number of near-field data employed by the developed technique is slightly increased with respect to that required by rigorously applying the nonredundant sampling representation on the helix, it is still remarkably smaller than that needed by the standard near-field-far-field transformation with cylindrical scanning. The effectiveness of the technique is assessed by numerical and experimental results.

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