scholarly journals Optical data exchange of 100-Gbit/s DQPSK signals

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 23740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Wang ◽  
Scott R. Nuccio ◽  
Hao Huang ◽  
Xue Wang ◽  
Jeng-Yuan Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Exchange ◽  
Optical Data

Phase-transparent optical data exchange of 40 Gbit/s differential phase-shift keying signals

2010 ◽  
Vol 35 (17) ◽  
pp. 2979 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Wang ◽  
Zahra Bakhtiari ◽  
Scott R. Nuccio ◽  
Omer F. Yilmaz ◽  
Xiaoxia Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Shift ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
Optical Data ◽  
Phase Shift Keying ◽  
Differential Phase Shift ◽  
Differential Phase ◽  
Differential Phase Shift Keying ◽  
Shift Keying

Pump-linewidth-tolerant optical data exchange between 16QAM and QPSK with 50-GHz channel-spacing using coherent DFB pump

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guo-Wei Lu ◽  
Andre Albuquerque ◽  
Benjamin J. Puttnam ◽  
Takahide Sakamoto ◽  
Miguel Drummond ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Exchange ◽  
Optical Data ◽  
Channel Spacing

The spindle stage: A powerful optical tool

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 52-53
Author(s):  
Mickey E. Gunter ◽  
F. Donald Bloss
Keyword(s):  
Significant Error ◽  
Optical Data ◽  
Refractive Indices ◽  
Axis Of Rotation ◽  
Polarizing Microscope ◽  
Microscope Stage

A single, reasonably homogeneous, nonopaque 30-to-300 μm crystal, mounted on a spindle stage and studied by immersion methods under a polarizing microscope, yields optical data frequently sufficient to identify and characterize a substance unequivocally. The data obtainable include (1) the orientation of the crystal's principal vibration axes and (2) its principal refractive indices, to within 0.0002 if desired, for light vibrating along these principal vibration axes. Spindle stages tend to be simple and relatively inexpensive, some costing less than $50. They permit rotation of the crystal about a single axis which is parallel to the microscope stage. This spindle or S-axis is thus perpendicular to the M-axis, namely the microscope stage's axis of rotation.A spindle stage excels when studying anisotropic crystals. It orients uniaxial crystals within minutes and biaxial crystals almost as quickly so that their principal refractive indices - ɛ and ω (uniaxial); α, β and γ (biaxial) - can be determined without significant error from crystal misorientation.

Machine-Scored Syntax: Comparison of the CLAN Automatic Scoring Program to Manual Scoring

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 479-493
Author(s):  
Jenny A. Roberts ◽  
Evelyn P. Altenberg ◽  
Madison Hunter
Keyword(s):  
Data Exchange ◽  
Child Language ◽  
Exchange System ◽  
Absolute Point ◽  
Language Analysis ◽  
Search Patterns ◽  
Language Data ◽  
Report Accuracy ◽  
Point To Point ◽  
Automatic Scoring

Purpose The results of automatic machine scoring of the Index of Productive Syntax from the Computerized Language ANalysis (CLAN) tools of the Child Language Data Exchange System of TalkBank (MacWhinney, 2000) were compared to manual scoring to determine the accuracy of the machine-scored method. Method Twenty transcripts of 10 children from archival data of the Weismer Corpus from the Child Language Data Exchange System at 30 and 42 months were examined. Measures of absolute point difference and point-to-point accuracy were compared, as well as points erroneously given and missed. Two new measures for evaluating automatic scoring of the Index of Productive Syntax were introduced: Machine Item Accuracy (MIA) and Cascade Failure Rate— these measures further analyze points erroneously given and missed. Differences in total scores, subscale scores, and individual structures were also reported. Results Mean absolute point difference between machine and hand scoring was 3.65, point-to-point agreement was 72.6%, and MIA was 74.9%. There were large differences in subscales, with Noun Phrase and Verb Phrase subscales generally providing greater accuracy and agreement than Question/Negation and Sentence Structures subscales. There were significantly more erroneous than missed items in machine scoring, attributed to problems of mistagging of elements, imprecise search patterns, and other errors. Cascade failure resulted in an average of 4.65 points lost per transcript. Conclusions The CLAN program showed relatively inaccurate outcomes in comparison to manual scoring on both traditional and new measures of accuracy. Recommendations for improvement of the program include accounting for second exemplar violations and applying cascaded credit, among other suggestions. It was proposed that research on machine-scored syntax routinely report accuracy measures detailing erroneous and missed scores, including MIA, so that researchers and clinicians are aware of the limitations of a machine-scoring program. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.11984364

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