Narrow Linewidth Continuous Wave Fiber Raman Amplifier for Remote Sensing of Atmospheric O2 at 1.27μm

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Nagel ◽  
V. Temyanko ◽  
R. A. Norwood ◽  
N. Peyghambarian ◽  
J. T. Dobler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Narrow Linewidth ◽  
Raman Amplifier ◽  
Fiber Raman Amplifier

High-Power Narrow-Linewidth Continuous-Wave Raman Amplifier at 1.27 $\mu$m

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 585-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Nagel ◽  
V. Temyanko ◽  
J. Dobler ◽  
E. M. Dianov ◽  
A. S. Biriukov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Power ◽  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Narrow Linewidth ◽  
Raman Amplifier

Dual-longitudinal-modes narrow-linewidth fiber Raman amplifier

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 1705-1706
Author(s):  
许将明 Xu Jiangming ◽  
冷进勇 Leng Jinyong ◽  
吴武明 Wu Wuming ◽  
周朴 Zhou Pu ◽  
侯静 Hou Jing
Keyword(s):  
Narrow Linewidth ◽  
Raman Amplifier ◽  
Fiber Raman Amplifier ◽  
Longitudinal Modes

scholarly journals Remote Sensing for Plant Water Content Monitoring: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2088
Author(s):  
Carlos Quemada ◽  
José M. Pérez-Escudero ◽  
Ramón Gonzalo ◽  
Iñigo Ederra ◽  
Luis G. Santesteban ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ◽  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Plant Water ◽  
Monitoring Methods

This paper reviews the different remote sensing techniques found in the literature to monitor plant water status, allowing farmers to control the irrigation management and to avoid unnecessary periods of water shortage and a needless waste of valuable water. The scope of this paper covers a broad range of 77 references published between the years 1981 and 2021 and collected from different search web sites, especially Scopus. Among them, 74 references are research papers and the remaining three are review papers. The different collected approaches have been categorized according to the part of the plant subjected to measurement, that is, soil (12.2%), canopy (33.8%), leaves (35.1%) or trunk (18.9%). In addition to a brief summary of each study, the main monitoring technologies have been analyzed in this review. Concerning the presentation of the data, different results have been obtained. According to the year of publication, the number of published papers has increased exponentially over time, mainly due to the technological development over the last decades. The most common sensor is the radiometer, which is employed in 15 papers (20.3%), followed by continuous-wave (CW) spectroscopy (12.2%), camera (10.8%) and THz time-domain spectroscopy (TDS) (10.8%). Excluding two studies, the minimum coefficient of determination (R2) obtained in the references of this review is 0.64. This indicates the high degree of correlation between the estimated and measured data for the different technologies and monitoring methods. The five most frequent water indicators of this study are: normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) (12.2%), backscattering coefficients (10.8%), spectral reflectance (8.1%), reflection coefficient (8.1%) and dielectric constant (8.1%).

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