scholarly journals Detecting human articular cartilage degeneration in its early stage with polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2745
Author(s):  
Xin Zhou ◽  
Felipe Eltit ◽  
Xiao Yang ◽  
Sina Maloufi ◽  
Hanadi Alousaimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Cartilage Degeneration ◽  
Human Articular Cartilage ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Articular Cartilage Degeneration

Clinical diagnosis of potentially treatable early articular cartilage degeneration using optical coherence tomography

2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 051703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constance R. Chu ◽  
Nicholas J. Izzo ◽  
James J. Irrgang ◽  
Mario Ferretti ◽  
Rebecca K. Studer
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Cartilage Degeneration ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Articular Cartilage Degeneration

scholarly journals Clinical optical coherence tomography of early articular cartilage degeneration in patients with degenerative meniscal tears

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 1412-1420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constance R. Chu ◽  
Ashley Williams ◽  
David Tolliver ◽  
C. Kent Kwoh ◽  
Stephen Bruno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Cartilage Degeneration ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Meniscal Tears ◽  
Articular Cartilage Degeneration

scholarly journals Comparison of hip joint cartilage degeneration assessed by histology and ex vivo optical coherence tomography

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hakan Pilge ◽  
Klaudia Huber-van der Velden ◽  
Monika Herten ◽  
Sabine Kurzidem ◽  
Rüdiger Krauspe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Cartilage Degeneration ◽  
Observer Agreement ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Human Articular Cartilage ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Interclass Correlation

The aim of this study is to validate optical coherence tomography (OCT) in assessing human articular cartilage by means of histological analyses. Twenty resected human femoral head specimens were evaluated with OCT and histological analysis. OCT and histological evaluation was performed according to the Bear and the Mankin criteria. OCT grades and Mankin scores (total score and sub-score structure) were correlated and intra-/inter-observer agreement for repeated OCT evaluations was tested by interclass-correlation coefficient (ICC) analysis. OCT grades and Mankin scores were correlated [Spearman correlation = 0.742 (total) and 0.656 (structure), P<0.001], revealing significant differences between the histological scores in various OCT grades of cartilage degeneration (P<0.001). Intra-observer (ICC 0.930) and inter-observer (ICC 0.933) reliability was high (P<0.001). OCT appears to be reliable in the assessment of human articular cartilage. Further studies on intra-operative cartilage evaluation by OCT are necessary to substantiate its applicability in clinical routine.

The Effect of Total Meniscectomy versus Caudal Pole Hemimeniscectomy on the Stifle Joint of the Sheep

1999 ◽  
Vol 12 (02) ◽  
pp. 56-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. R. Bellenger ◽  
P. Ghosh ◽  
Y. Numata ◽  
C. Little ◽  
D. S. Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Fibrous Tissue ◽  
Cartilage Degeneration ◽  
Medial Compartment ◽  
Proteoglycan Synthesis ◽  
Stifle Joint ◽  
Medial Meniscectomy ◽  
Tibial Condyle ◽  
Articular Cartilage Degeneration

SummaryTotal medial meniscectomy and caudal pole hemimeniscectomy were performed on the stifle joints of twelve sheep. The two forms of meniscectomy produced a comparable degree of postoperative lameness that resolved within two weeks of the operations. After six months the sheep were euthanatised and the stifle joints examined. Fibrous tissue that replaced the excised meniscus in the total meniscectomy group did not cover as much of the medial tibial condyle as the residual cranial pole and caudal fibrous tissue observed following hemimeniscectomy. The articular cartilage from different regions within the joints was examined for gross and histological evidence of degeneration. Analyses of the articular cartilage for water content, glycosaminoglycan composition and DNA content were performed. The proteoglycan synthesis and release from explanted articular cartilage samples in tissue culture were also measured. There were significant pathological changes in the medial compartment of all meniscectomised joints. The degree of articular cartilage degeneration that was observed following total meniscectomy and caudal pole meniscectomy was similar. Caudal pole hemimeniscectomy, involving transection of the meniscus, causes the same degree of degeneration of the stifle joint that occurs following total meniscectomy.The effect of total medial meniscectomy versus caudal pole hemimeniscectomy on the stifle joint of sheep was studied experimentally. Six months after the operations gross pathology, histopathology, cartilage biochemical analysis and the rate of proteoglycan synthesis in tissue culture were used to compare the articular cartilage harvested from the meniscectomised joints. Degeneration of the articular cartilage from the medial compartment of the joints was present in both of the groups. Caudal pole hemimeniscectomy induces a comparable degree of articular cartilage degeneration to total medial meniscectomy in the sheep stifle joint.

MOLECULAR CONTROL OF ARTICULAR CARTILAGE DEGENERATION BY TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR ALPHA

2008 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
Tom Appleton ◽  
Shirine Usmani ◽  
John Mort ◽  
Frank Beier
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
P38 Mapk ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Cartilage Degeneration ◽  
Signalling Pathways ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor Alpha ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Articular Cartilage Degeneration

Background: Articular cartilage degeneration is a hallmark of osteoarthritis (OA). We previously identified increased expression of transforming growth factor alpha (TGF?) and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) in articular cartilage from a rat modelof OA (1,2). We subsequently reported that TGF? signalling modified chondrocyte cytoskeletal organization, increased catabolic and decreased anabolic gene expression and suppressed Sox9. Due to other roles in chondrocytes, we hypothesized that the effects ofTGF? on chondrocytes are mediated by Rho/ROCK and MEK/ERK signaling pathways. Methods: Primary cultures of chondrocytes and articularosteochondral explants were treated with pharmacological inhibitors of MEK1/2(U0126), ROCK (Y27632), Rho (C3), p38 MAPK (SB202190) and PI3K (LY294002) to elucidate pathway involvement. Results: Using G-LISA we determined that stimulation of primary chondrocytes with TGF? activates RhoA. Reciprocally, inhibition of RhoA/ROCK but not other signalling pathways prevents modification of the actin cytoskeleton in responseto TGF?. Inhibition of MEK/ERKsignaling rescued suppression of anabolic gene expression by TGF? including SOX9 mRNA and protein levels. Inhibition of MEK/ERK, Rho/ROCK, p38 MAPK and PI3K signalling pathways differentially controlled the induction of MMP13 and TNF? gene expression. TGF? also induced expression of CCL2 specifically through MEK/ERK activation. In turn, CCL2 treatment induced the expression of MMP3 and TNF?. Finally, we assessed cartilage degradation by immunohistochemical detection of type II collagen cleavage fragments generated by MMPs. Blockade of RhoA/ROCK and MEK/ERK signalling pathways reduced the generation of type IIcollagen cleavage fragments in response to TGF? stimulation. Conclusions: Rho/ROCK signalling mediates TGF?-induced changes inchondrocyte morphology, while MEK/ERK signalling mediates the suppression ofSox9 and its target genes, and CCL2 expression. CCL2, in turn, induces the expression of MMP3 and TNF?, two potent catabolic factors known to be involved in OA. These pathways may represent strategic targets for interventional approaches to treating cartilage degeneration in osteoarthritis. References: 1. Appleton CTG et al. Arthritis Rheum 2007;56:1854-68. 2. Appleton CTG et al. Arthritis Rheum 2007; 56:3693-705.

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