Dual-focal-plane augmented reality head-up display using a single picture generation unit and a single freeform mirror

Zong Qin; Shih-Ming Lin; Kuang-Tso Luo; Cheng-Huan Chen; Yi-Pai Huang

doi:10.1364/ao.58.005366

Design of Dual-Focal-Plane Helmet Mounted Display Based on Single Picture Generation Unit

Acta Optica Sinica ◽

10.3788/aos202040.1322004 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 40 (13) ◽

pp. 1322004

Author(s):

孙路通 Sun Lutong ◽

王灵杰 Wang Lingjie ◽

王蔚松 Wang Weisong ◽

刘铭鑫 Liu Mingxin

Keyword(s):

Focal Plane ◽

Generation Unit ◽

Picture Generation

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Wide field-of-view dual-focal-plane augmented reality display

Advances in Display Technologies IX ◽

10.1117/12.2510782 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Ugur Yekta Basak ◽

Seyedmahdi M. K. Kazempourradi ◽

Erdem Ulusoy ◽

Hakan Urey

Keyword(s):

Augmented Reality ◽

Focal Plane ◽

Field Of View ◽

Wide Field ◽

Wide Field Of View

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Dual focal plane augmented reality interactive display with gaze-tracker

OSA Continuum ◽

10.1364/osac.2.001734 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (5) ◽

pp. 1734 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Uğur Yekta Başak ◽

Seyedmahdi Kazempourradi ◽

Cemalettin Yilmaz ◽

Erdem Ulusoy ◽

Hakan Urey

Keyword(s):

Augmented Reality ◽

Focal Plane ◽

Interactive Display

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Stereo Augmented Reality in the Surgical Microscope

Presence Teleoperators & Virtual Environments ◽

10.1162/105474600566862 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 360-368 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

A. P. King ◽

P. J. Edwards ◽

C. R. Maurer ◽

D. A. de Cunha ◽

R. P. Gaston ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Numerical Simulation ◽

Augmented Reality ◽

Operating Room ◽

Focal Plane ◽

Optical Path ◽

Surgical Microscope ◽

Augmented Reality System ◽

Radiological Images ◽

Quantitative Assessments ◽

Better Than

This paper describes the MAGI (microscope-assisted guided interventions) augmented-reality system, which allows surgeons to view virtual features segmented from preoperative radiological images accurately overlaid in stereo in the optical path of a surgical microscope. The aim of the system is to enable the surgeon to see in the correct 3-D position the structures that are beneath the physical surface. The technical challenges involved are calibration, segmentation, registration, tracking, and visualization. This paper details our solutions to these problems. As it is difficult to make reliable quantitative assessments of the accuracy of augmented-reality systems, results are presented from a numerical simulation, and these show that the system has a theoretical overlay accuracy of better than 1 mm at the focal plane of the microscope. Implementations of the system have been tested on volunteers, phantoms, and seven patients in the operating room. Observations are consistent with this accuracy prediction.

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Effects of Volumetric Augmented Reality Displays on Human Depth Judgments

International Journal of Mobile Human Computer Interaction ◽

10.4018/ijmhci.2019040101 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 1-18 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Lee Lisle ◽

Coleman Merenda ◽

Kyle Tanous ◽

Hyungil Kim ◽

Joseph L. Gabbard ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Augmented Reality ◽

Real World ◽

Focal Plane ◽

Distance Perception ◽

Simulator Sickness ◽

Virtual Objects ◽

Interface Designs

Many driving scenarios involve correctly perceiving road elements in depth and manually responding as appropriate. Of late, augmented reality (AR) head-up displays (HUDs) have been explored to assist drivers in identifying road elements, by using a myriad of AR interface designs that include world-fixed graphics perceptually placed in the forward driving scene. Volumetric AR HUDs purportedly offer increased accuracy of distance perception through natural presentation of oculomotor cues as compared to traditional HUDs. In this article, the authors quantify participant performance matching virtual objects to real-world counterparts at egocentric distances of 7-12 meters while using both volumetric and fixed-focal plane AR HUDs. The authors found the volumetric HUD to be associated with faster and more accurate depth judgements at far distance, and that participants performed depth judgements more quickly as the experiment progressed. The authors observed no differences between the two displays in terms of reported simulator sickness or eye strain.

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Tandem scanning reflected light microscopy: How it works and applications

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100142104 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 44 ◽

pp. 84-87

Author(s):

Alan Boyde ◽

Milan Hadravský ◽

Mojmír Petran ◽

Timothy F. Watson ◽

Sheila J. Jones ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Light Microscopy ◽

Focal Plane ◽

Central Symmetry ◽

Single Line ◽

Scanning Microscope ◽

Reflected Light ◽

Illuminating Light ◽

Illuminating Beam

The principles of tandem scanning reflected light microscopy and the design of recent instruments are fully described elsewhere and here only briefly. The illuminating light is intercepted by a rotating aperture disc which lies in the intermediate focal plane of a standard LM objective. This device provides an array of separate scanning beams which light up corresponding patches in the plane of focus more intensely than out of focus layers. Reflected light from these patches is imaged on to a matching array of apertures on the opposite side of the same aperture disc and which are scanning in the focal plane of the eyepiece. An arrangement of mirrors converts the central symmetry of the disc into congruency, so that the array of apertures which chop the illuminating beam is identical with the array on the observation side. Thus both illumination and “detection” are scanned in tandem, giving rise to the name Tandem Scanning Microscope (TSM). The apertures are arranged on Archimedean spirals: each opposed pair scans a single line in the image.

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Imaging sub-micron objects with light microscopy: Visualization of the T-4 bacteriophage

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100156158 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 47 ◽

pp. 834-835

Author(s):

Malcolm Brown ◽

Reynolds M. Delgado ◽

Michael J. Fink

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Light Microscopy ◽

Focal Plane ◽

Phase Contrast ◽

Dark Field ◽

E Coli ◽

Polystyrene Beads ◽

Television Camera ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Universal Microscope

While light microscopy has been used to image sub-micron objects, numerous problems with diffraction-limitations often preclude extraction of useful information. Using conventional dark-field and phase contrast light microscopy coupled with image processing, we have studied the following objects: (a) polystyrene beads (88nm, 264nm, and 557mn); (b) frustules of the diatom, Pleurosigma angulatum, and the T-4 bacteriophage attached to its host, E. coli or free in the medium. Equivalent images of the same areas of polystyrene beads and T-4 bacteriophages were produced using transmission electron microscopy.For light microscopy, we used a Zeiss universal microscope. For phase contrast observations a 100X Neofluar objective (N.A.=1.3) was applied. With dark-field, a 100X planachromat objective (N.A.=1.25) in combination with an ultra-condenser (N.A.=1.25) was employed. An intermediate magnifier (Optivar) was available to conveniently give magnification settings of 1.25, 1.6, and 2.0. The image was projected onto the back focal plane of a film or television camera with a Carl Zeiss Jena 18X Compens ocular.

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Microspectroscopy Using a Solid Immersion Lens

Microscopy and Microanalysis ◽

10.1017/s1431927600026817 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 7 (S2) ◽

pp. 148-149

Author(s):

C.D. Poweleit ◽

J Menéndez

Keyword(s):

Spatial Resolution ◽

Focal Plane ◽

Numerical Aperture ◽

Normal Incidence ◽

Spot Size ◽

Index Of Refraction ◽

Objective Lens ◽

Improvement Factor ◽

Oil Immersion ◽

Long Time

Oil immersion lenses have been used in optical microscopy for a long time. The light’s wavelength is decreased by the oil’s index of refraction n and this reduces the minimum spot size. Additionally, the oil medium allows a larger collection angle, thereby increasing the numerical aperture. The SIL is based on the same principle, but offers more flexibility because the higher index material is solid. in particular, SILs can be deployed in cryogenic environments. Using a hemispherical glass the spatial resolution is improved by a factor n with respect to the resolution obtained with the microscope’s objective lens alone. The improvement factor is equal to n2 for truncated spheres.As shown in Fig. 1, the hemisphere SIL is in contact with the sample and does not affect the position of the focal plane. The focused rays from the objective strike the lens at normal incidence, so that no refraction takes place.

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