Modulation format identification usingCalinski-Harabaz index

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenbo Zhang ◽  
Zixian Yue ◽  
Jinmei Ye ◽  
Hengying Xu ◽  
Yuxiang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Modulation Format

40 Gb/s High-speed mode-division multiplexing transmission employing NRZ modulation format

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rabiu Imam Sabitu ◽  
Nafizah Goriman Khan ◽  
Amin Malekmohammadi
Keyword(s):  
System Performance ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Optical Signal ◽  
Threshold Power ◽  
Modulation Format ◽  
Transmission Distance ◽  
Mode Division Multiplexing ◽  
Speed Mode

AbstractThis report examines the performance of a high-speed MDM transmission system supporting four nondegenerate spatial modes at 10 Gb/s. The analysis adopts the NRZ modulation format to evaluate the system performance in terms of a minimum power required (PN) and the nonlinear threshold power (PTH) at a BER of 10−9. The receiver sensitivity, optical signal-to-noise ratio, and the maximum transmission distance were investigated using the direct detection by employing a multimode erbium-doped amplifier (MM-EDFA). It was found that by properly optimizing the MM-EDFA, the system performance can significantly be improved.

scholarly journals Asymmetric Ge/SiGe coupled quantum well modulators

Nanophotonics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1765-1773
Author(s):  
Yi Zhang ◽  
Jianfeng Gao ◽  
Senbiao Qin ◽  
Ming Cheng ◽  
Kang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Quantum Well ◽  
Quantum Wells ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Extinction Ratio ◽  
High Frequency Response ◽  
Modulation Format ◽  
Silicon Photonic ◽  
Coupled Quantum Well

Abstract We design and demonstrate an asymmetric Ge/SiGe coupled quantum well (CQW) waveguide modulator for both intensity and phase modulation with a low bias voltage in silicon photonic integration. The asymmetric CQWs consisting of two quantum wells with different widths are employed as the active region to enhance the electro-optical characteristics of the device by controlling the coupling of the wave functions. The fabricated device can realize 5 dB extinction ratio at 1446 nm and 1.4 × 10−3 electrorefractive index variation at 1530 nm with the associated modulation efficiency V π L π of 0.055 V cm under 1 V reverse bias. The 3 dB bandwidth for high frequency response is 27 GHz under 1 V bias and the energy consumption per bit is less than 100 fJ/bit. The proposed device offers a pathway towards a low voltage, low energy consumption, high speed and compact modulator for silicon photonic integrated devices, as well as opens possibilities for achieving advanced modulation format in a more compact and simple frame.

scholarly journals Systematic Performance Comparison of (Duobinary)-PAM-2,4 Signaling under Light and Strong Opto-Electronic Bandwidth Conditions

Photonics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Ramón Gutiérrez-Castrejón ◽  
Md Ghulam Saber ◽  
Md Samiul Alam ◽  
Zhenping Xing ◽  
Eslam El-Fiky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Networks ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Performance Comparison ◽  
Sampling Point ◽  
Bit Rate ◽  
Performance Limits ◽  
Specific System ◽  
Rate System ◽  
Modulation Formats ◽  
Modulation Format

We present a systematic comparison of PAM-2 (NRZ), Duobinary-PAM-2, PAM-4, and Duobinary-PAM-4 (duo-quaternary) signaling in the context of short-reach photonic communications systems using a Mach–Zehnder modulator as transmitter. The effect on system performance with a relaxed and constrained system’s opto-electronic bandwidth is analyzed for bit rates ranging from 20 to 116 Gb/s. In contrast to previous analyses, our approach employs the same experimental and simulation conditions for all modulation formats. Consequently, we were able to confidently determine the performance limits of each format for particular values of bit rate, system bandwidth, transmitter chirp, and fiber dispersion. We demonstrate that Duobinary-PAM-4 is a good signaling choice only for bandwidth-limited systems operating at relatively high speed. Otherwise, PAM-4 represents a more sensible choice. Moreover, our analysis put forward the existence of transition points: specific bit rate values where the BER versus bit rate curves for two different formats cross each other. They indicate the bit rate values where, for specific system conditions, switching from one modulation to another guarantees optimum performance. Their existence naturally led to the proposal of a format-selective transceiver, a component that, according to network conditions, operates with the most adequate modulation format. Since all analyzed modulations share similar implementation details, signaling switching is achieved by simply changing the sampling point and threshold count at the receiver, bringing flexibility to IM/DD-based optical networks.

A Research on Complex FastICA Algorithm Based UNB Signal Detection

2011 ◽  
Vol 219-220 ◽  
pp. 1584-1588
Author(s):  
Shi Kai Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Signal Detection ◽  
Cost Function ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Modulation Method ◽  
First Principle ◽  
Modulation Format ◽  
High Efficient ◽  
Fastica Algorithm ◽  
Potential Use

Spectrum is limited, in order to develop high efficient modem, Complex FastICA algorithm is studied about its potential use in UNB signal detection. First, principle of Complex FastICA is presented, kurtosis and cost function are analyzed, and realization of Complex FastICA is given; then, M-EBPSK modulation method is supposed as a kind of UNB modulation format, UNB-ICA model for UNB received signal with interference and noise is presented by analyzing the characteristics of M-EBPSK modulation; finally, computer simulation is done by using nosy UNB-ICA model based on Complex FastICA Algorithm, the experimental results show that Complex FastICA Algorithm can suppress the interference and improve detection BER in contrast to the traditional methods, it is hopeful that the method can be used in UNB communication technology.

Transparent wavelength conversion for a novel orthogonal FSK/IM modulation format at 40-Gb/s based on FWM effect of SOA

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minghao Li ◽  
Wei Hong ◽  
Xinliang Zhang ◽  
Shuju Zhong Ke Li ◽  
Weiwei Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wavelength Conversion ◽  
Modulation Format

A Theoretical and Experimental Study on Modulation-Format-Independent Wavelength Conversion

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 587-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingwen Yi ◽  
Runxiang Yu ◽  
J. Kurumida ◽  
S.J.B. Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Wavelength Conversion ◽  
Modulation Format
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