Analysis of factors affecting measurement accuracy and establishment of an optimal measurement strategy of a laser displacement sensor

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (33) ◽  
pp. 10626
Author(s):  
Xiaofan Ma ◽  
Zhiqin Cai ◽  
Bin Yao ◽  
Sijie Cai ◽  
Jie Lu
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Accuracy ◽  
Displacement Sensor ◽  
Laser Displacement Sensor ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Optimal Measurement ◽  
Measurement Strategy

scholarly journals An Offset Laser Measurement Method for the Deviation Analysis of Cylindrical Gear

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Mei ◽  
Aiping Song ◽  
Chenwei Yu ◽  
Jianzhou Pan
Keyword(s):  
Laser Beam ◽  
Measurement Method ◽  
Measurement Accuracy ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Displacement Sensor ◽  
Spatial Distance ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Normal Vector ◽  
Laser Displacement Sensor ◽  
Laser Measurement

Abstract Generally, in the laser measurement of gears, the laser beam passes through the center of the gear, and the laser displacement sensor reads the spatial distance from the gear involute tooth surface to the laser displacement sensor. However, in this method, the angle between the laser beam and the normal vector of the measured tooth surface is too large, which affects the accuracy of the measurement and the stability of the data. This paper proposes an offset laser measurement method. The laser beam is offset from the center of the gear by a certain distance to form a larger incident angle with the tooth surface, which can effectively improve the problem and increase the measurement accuracy. Through the discussion of selecting the optimal offset distance, the range of optimal offset measurement position is obtained and clarified by experiments. We solved the data conversion problem caused by the change of measuring position, and measured the pitch deviation and helix angle of the gear to confirm the feasibility of this method. Based on theoretical calculation and experimental verification, it is found that this method has the advantages of better measurement accuracy and less measurement data fluctuations. It is suitable for precision gear measurement.

scholarly journals An Offset Laser Measurement Method for the Deviation Analysis of Cylindrical Gears

Machines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Ning Mei ◽  
Aiping Song ◽  
Chenwei Yu ◽  
Jianzhou Pan
Keyword(s):  
Laser Beam ◽  
Measurement Method ◽  
Measurement Accuracy ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Displacement Sensor ◽  
Spatial Distance ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Normal Vector ◽  
Laser Displacement Sensor ◽  
Laser Measurement

Generally, in the laser measurement of gears, the laser beam passes through the center of the gear, and the laser displacement sensor reads the spatial distance from the gear involute tooth surface to the laser displacement sensor. However, in this method, the angle between the laser beam and the normal vector of the measured tooth surface is too large, which affects the accuracy of the measurement and the stability of the data. This paper proposes an offset laser measurement method. The laser beam is offset from the center of the gear by a certain distance to form a larger incident angle with the tooth surface, which can effectively address the problem and increase the measurement accuracy. Through a selection of the optimal offset distance, the range of optimal offset measurement positions was obtained and clarified by experiments. We solved the data conversion problem caused by the change in measuring position, and we measured the pitch deviation and helix angle of the gear to confirm the feasibility of this method. According to the theoretical calculation and experimental verification, it was found that this method has the advantages of better measurement accuracy and less fluctuation in measurement data. It is, thus, suitable for precision gear measurement.

Turning Dynamics: Part 1 — Experimental Analysis

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric B. Halfmann ◽  
C. Steve Suh ◽  
N. P. Hung
Keyword(s):  
Instantaneous Frequency ◽  
Period Doubling ◽  
Displacement Sensor ◽  
Laser Displacement Sensor ◽  
Turning Process ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
Spectral Components ◽  
Tool Vibrations ◽  
Exact Moment ◽  
The Stability

The workpiece and tool vibrations in a lathe are experimentally studied to establish improved understanding of cutting dynamics that would support efforts in exceeding the current limits of the turning process. A Keyence laser displacement sensor is employed to monitor the workpiece and tool vibrations during chatter-free and chatter cutting. A procedure is developed that utilizes instantaneous frequency (IF) to identify the modes related to measurement noise and those innate of the cutting process. Instantaneous frequency is shown to thoroughly characterize the underlying turning dynamics and identify the exact moment in time when chatter fully developed. That IF provides the needed resolution for identifying the onset of chatter suggests that the stability of the process should be monitored in the time-frequency domain to effectively detect and characterize machining instability. It is determined that for the cutting tests performed chatters of the workpiece and tool are associated with the changing of the spectral components and more specifically period-doubling bifurcation. The analysis presented provides a view of the underlying dynamics of the lathe process which has not been experimentally observed before.

Experimental Study on Bond-Slip Constitutive Relation between CFL and Concrete

2013 ◽  
Vol 302 ◽  
pp. 359-364
Author(s):  
X.H. Zheng ◽  
P.Y. Huang ◽  
X.Y. Guo ◽  
Q. Han
Keyword(s):  
Constitutive Relation ◽  
Displacement Sensor ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Bond Slip ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Slip Mechanism ◽  
Double Shear ◽  
Carbon Fiber Laminate ◽  
Externally Bonded ◽  
Longitudinal Strains

Externally bonded reinforcing technique with fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) has been widely used in civil engineering. The performance of the interface between FRP and concrete is one of the key factors affecting the behavior of the strengthened structures. This paper presents a detailed study on the bond-slip mechanism between carbon fiber laminate (CFL) and concrete based on double-shear tests. 8 specimens with different bonded length and width of CFL were tested under static loading. Strain gauges along the CFL face and displacement sensor were used to measure longitudinal strains and slip of the interface. The bond-slip constitutive relation of the interface between CFL and concrete was analyzed with the testing results. Compared with four different bond-slip models, a shear stress-slip model was proposed based on the experimental data.

Vibration Test of Titanium Alloy Pipes

2012 ◽  
Vol 184-185 ◽  
pp. 701-706
Author(s):  
Ming Xing Qiu ◽  
Chuang Shao ◽  
Yong Zhou ◽  
Li Hua Yue
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Failure Criteria ◽  
Fatigue Tests ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Displacement Sensor ◽  
Laser Displacement Sensor ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Vibration Fatigue ◽  
Welded Pipe ◽  
Test Result

In order to determine the fatigue limits of two kinds of titanium alloy pipes connected by welding and rolling, fatigue tests were carried out by the Aero-Criterion which gives vibration fatigue test method and failure criteria. A laser-displacement-sensor was used at the free end and a strain-gauge at the root of the pipe specimen. The test result shows that the fatigue limit of the welded pipe is higher than the rolled one. In the end some new findings are listed according to the test.

In-Process Visualisation for Deformation Monitoring and Analysis of Sheet Metal Forming Processes

2013 ◽  
Vol 677 ◽  
pp. 384-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wai Kei Ricky Kot ◽  
Luen Chow Chan
Keyword(s):  
Sheet Metal ◽  
Sheet Metal Forming ◽  
Deep Drawing ◽  
Metal Forming ◽  
Deformation Process ◽  
Deformation Monitoring ◽  
Displacement Sensor ◽  
Laser Displacement Sensor ◽  
Profile Data ◽  
Profile Change

In this paper, a visualisation system will be discussed that can be used to capture the deformation profile of the sheet blank during sheet metal forming processes, such as deep drawing and shape forming. The visualisation system utilizes a 2D laser displacement sensor for deformation profile acquisition. The sensor is embedded in the die and the laser propagates through the die to detect the profile change of the specimen concealed in the die during operation. The captured profile data will be collected, manipulated and transferred to a monitor for display via a controller. This visualisation of the deformation profile will provide engineers and researchers with an intuitive means of analysing and diagnosing the deformation process during sheet metal forming.

Profile Measurement of a Curved Workpiece by the Fuzzy Control of Sensor Positioning

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masatake Shiraishi ◽  
Gongjun Yang
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Control ◽  
Control Algorithm ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Displacement Sensor ◽  
Profile Measurement ◽  
Laser Displacement Sensor ◽  
Inclination Angles ◽  
Fuzzy Control Algorithm ◽  
Sensor Positioning

Abstract A laser displacement sensor which has a resolution of 0.5 μm was used to determine the measurement of a curved workpiece profile in turning. This sensor is attached to a specially designed stage and is operated by three motors which are controlled by a fuzzy control algorithm. The experimental results show that the measuring system can be applied to workpieces having inclination angles of up to around 45°. The proposed measuring system has a practical measuring accuracy to within ten micrometers.

scholarly journals High-Accuracy Calibration Based on Linearity Adjustment for Eddy Current Displacement Sensor

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 2842 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Liu ◽  
Bing Liang ◽  
Zhenyuan Jia ◽  
Di Feng ◽  
Xintong Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eddy Current ◽  
Measurement Accuracy ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Calibration Method ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Output Characteristic ◽  
Displacement Sensor ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Displacement Sensors ◽  
Calibration Accuracy

High precision position control is essential in the process of parts manufacturing and assembling, where eddy current displacement sensors (ECDSs) are widely used owing to the advantages of non-contact sensing, compact volume, and resistance to harsh conditions. To solve the nonlinear characteristics of the sensors, a high-accuracy calibration method based on linearity adjustment is proposed for ECDSs in this paper, which markedly improves the calibration accuracy and then the measurement accuracy. After matching the displacement value and the output voltage of the sensors, firstly, the sensitivity is adjusted according to the specified output range. Then, the weighted support vector adjustment models with the optimal weight of the zero-scale, mid-scale and full-scale are established respectively to cyclically adjust the linearity of the output characteristic curve. Finally, the final linearity adjustment model is obtained, and both the calibration accuracy and precision are verified by the established calibration system. Experimental results show that the linearity of the output characteristic curve of ECDS adjusted by the calibration method reaches over 99.9%, increasing by 1.9–5.0% more than the one of the original. In addition, the measurement accuracy improves from 11–25 μ m to 1–10 μ m in the range of 6mm, which provides a reliable guarantee for high accuracy displacement measurement.

scholarly journals A Comparison of the Probes with a Cantilever Beam and a Double-Sided Beam in the Tool Edge Profiler for On-Machine Measurement of a Precision Cutting Tool

Machines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 271
Author(s):  
Bo Wen ◽  
Sho Sekine ◽  
Shinichi Osawa ◽  
Yuki Shimizu ◽  
Hiraku Matsukuma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cantilever Beam ◽  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Displacement Sensor ◽  
Laser Displacement Sensor ◽  
Tool Edge ◽  
Edge Profile ◽  
Measurement Principle ◽  
Beam Type ◽  
Tool Position ◽  
Tool Cutting

This paper describes a comparison of the mechanical structures (a double-sided beam and a cantilever beam) of a probe in a tool edge profiler for the measurement of a micro-cutting tool. The tool edge profiler consists of a positioning unit having a pair of one-axis DC servo motor stages and a probe unit having a laser displacement sensor and a probe composed of a stylus and a mechanical beam; on-machine measurement of a tool cutting edge can be conducted with a low contact force through measuring the deformation of the probe by the laser displacement sensor while monitoring the tool position. Meanwhile, the mechanical structure of the probe could affect the performance of measurement of the edge profile of a precision cutting tool. In this paper, the measurement principle of the tool edge profile is firstly introduced; after that, slopes and a top-flat of a cutting tool sample are measured by using a cantilever-type probe and a double-sided beam-type probe, respectively. The measurement performances of the two probes are compared through experiments and theoretical measurement uncertainty analysis.

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