Optical Aerosol Sensing – from Air Quality to Global Warming

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Maierhofer ◽  
Anton Buchberger ◽  
Philipp Breitegger ◽  
Alexander Bergmann
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Air Quality

scholarly journals Global Warming Will Aggravate Ozone Pollution in the U.S. Mid-Atlantic

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 1267-1278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina L. Archer ◽  
Joseph F. Brodie ◽  
Sara A. Rauscher
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Coupled Model ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Climate Projections ◽  
Ozone Pollution ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Weather Patterns ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
The U.S

AbstractThe goal of this study is to evaluate the effects of anthropogenic climate change on air quality, in particular on ozone, during the summer in the U.S. mid-Atlantic region. First, we establish a connection between high-ozone (HO) days, defined as those with observed 8-h average ozone concentration greater than 70 parts per billion (ppb), and certain weather patterns, called synoptic types. We identify four summer synoptic types that most often are associated with HO days based on a 30-yr historical period (1986–2015) using NCEP–NCAR reanalysis. Second, we define thresholds for mean near-surface temperature and precipitation that characterize HO days during the four HO synoptic types. Next, we look at climate projections from five models from phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) for the early and late midcentury (2025–34 and 2045–54) and analyze the frequency of HO days. We find a general increasing trend, weaker in the early midcentury and stronger in the late midcentury, with 2 and 5 extra HO days per year, respectively, from 16 in 2015. These 5 extra days are the result of two processes. On one hand, the four HO synoptic types will increase in frequency, which explains about 1.5–2 extra HO days. The remaining 3–3.5 extra days are explained by the increase in near-surface temperatures during the HO synoptic types. Future air quality regulations, which have been successful in the historical period at reducing ozone concentrations in the mid-Atlantic, may need to become stricter to compensate for the underlying increasing trends from global warming.

scholarly journals PENGELOLAAN KUALITAS UDARA DI PERKOTAAN

2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Hadi Suyanto
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Quality Management ◽  
Air Quality Management ◽  
Environmental Function ◽  
Change Effect ◽  
Green Zone ◽  
Climate Change Effect ◽  
Improve Health

Hadi Suyanto, in this paper explain that to avoid global warming and climate change effect, re-greening program at the open and dry area need to be established, this also to generate fresh temperature and improve health and comfort. Develop and enlarge green zone and public zone as  part  of air quality management that have social and environmental function, and not just as an esthetically function. Keyword: Air Quality, re-greening

Application of Electron Optics to Characterization of Particulate Pollutants

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 364-365
Author(s):  
J. B. Moran ◽  
J. L. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Fuel Additives ◽  
Ambient Air Quality ◽  
Air Quality Standards ◽  
Emission Standards ◽  
Stationary Sources ◽  
Ambient Air Quality Standards

The Clean Air Act Amendments of 1970 provide the basis for a dramatic change in Federal air quality programs. The Act establishes new standards for motor vehicles and requires EPA to establish national ambient air quality standards, standards of performance for new stationary sources of pollution, and standards for stationary sources emitting hazardous substances. Further, it establishes procedures which allow states to set emission standards for existing sources in order to achieve national ambient air quality standards. The Act also permits the Administrator of EPA to register fuels and fuel additives and to regulate the use of motor vehicle fuels or fuel additives which pose a hazard to public health or welfare.National air quality standards for particulate matter have been established. Asbestos, mercury, and beryllium have been designated as hazardous air pollutants for which Federal emission standards have been proposed.

Modelling ecosystem adaptation and dangerous rates of global warming

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Millington ◽  
Peter M. Cox ◽  
Jonathan R. Moore ◽  
Gabriel Yvon-Durocher
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Diffusion Rate ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Genetic Evolution ◽  
Rates Of Change ◽  
Rapid Climate Change ◽  
Warming Climate ◽  
Intraspecies Competition ◽  
High Trait

Abstract We are in a period of relatively rapid climate change. This poses challenges for individual species and threatens the ecosystem services that humanity relies upon. Temperature is a key stressor. In a warming climate, individual organisms may be able to shift their thermal optima through phenotypic plasticity. However, such plasticity is unlikely to be sufficient over the coming centuries. Resilience to warming will also depend on how fast the distribution of traits that define a species can adapt through other methods, in particular through redistribution of the abundance of variants within the population and through genetic evolution. In this paper, we use a simple theoretical ‘trait diffusion’ model to explore how the resilience of a given species to climate change depends on the initial trait diversity (biodiversity), the trait diffusion rate (mutation rate), and the lifetime of the organism. We estimate theoretical dangerous rates of continuous global warming that would exceed the ability of a species to adapt through trait diffusion, and therefore lead to a collapse in the overall productivity of the species. As the rate of adaptation through intraspecies competition and genetic evolution decreases with species lifetime, we find critical rates of change that also depend fundamentally on lifetime. Dangerous rates of warming vary from 1°C per lifetime (at low trait diffusion rate) to 8°C per lifetime (at high trait diffusion rate). We conclude that rapid climate change is liable to favour short-lived organisms (e.g. microbes) rather than longer-lived organisms (e.g. trees).

Air Quality May Affect Infants' Brains

ASHA Leader ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-34
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality

Air Quality May Affect Infants' Brains

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