Transfer of small chromosome fragments of Agropyron elongatum to wheat chromosome via asymmetric somatic hybridization

2004 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing WANG
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Hybridization ◽  
Wheat Chromosome ◽  
Small Chromosome ◽  
Agropyron Elongatum ◽  
Asymmetric Somatic Hybridization ◽  
Chromosome Fragments

THE INHERITANCE OF RUST RESISTANCE. VI. THE TRANSFER OF STEM RUST RESISTANCE FROM AGROPYRON ELONGATUM TO COMMON WHEAT

1961 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. Knott
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Wheat Chromosome ◽  
Stem Rust Resistance ◽  
Thermal Neutrons ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Agropyron Elongatum ◽  
Inheritance Of Rust Resistance ◽  
Or Genes

The rust resistance of a 56-chromosome wheat-Agropyron derivative was found to be controlled by a gene or genes on a single Agropyron chromosome. Resistant wheat plants having 21II of wheat chromosomes plus a single added Agropyron chromosome were produced. Spikes of these plants were irradiated with either gamma rays or X-rays and seeds were irradiated with thermal neutrons. As a result of the irradiation, in at least five lines and possibly seven a piece of the Agropyron chromosome carrying the gene or genes for rust resistance was transferred to a wheat chromosome. One of the translocations is transmitted normally through the gametes but the remaining six show irregularities in transmission particularly through the pollen.

scholarly journals Asymmetric somatic hybridization induces point mutations and indels in wheat

BMC Genomics ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengcheng Wang ◽  
Chun Liu ◽  
Tian Xing ◽  
Yanxia Wang ◽  
Guangmin Xia
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Hybridization ◽  
Point Mutations ◽  
Asymmetric Somatic Hybridization

scholarly journals Molecular Cytogenetic Mapping of Chromosomal Fragments and Immunostaining of Kinetochore Proteins in Beta

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daryna Dechyeva ◽  
Thomas Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Repetitive Dna ◽  
Small Chromosome ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Fish Analysis ◽  
Addition Lines ◽  
Multicolor Fish ◽  
Active Involvement ◽  
Chromosome Fragments ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Wild Beet

By comparative multicolor FISH, we have physically mapped small chromosome fragments in the sugar beet addition lines PRO1 and PAT2 and analyzed the distribution of repetitive DNA families in species of the section Procumbentes of the genus Beta. Six repetitive probes were applied, including genotype-specific probes—satellites pTS4.1, pTS5, and pRp34 and a dispersed repeat pAp4, the telomere (TTTAGGG)n, and the conserved 18S-5.8S-25S rRNA genes. Pachytene-FISH analysis of the native centromere organization allowed proposing the origin of PRO1 and PAT2 fragments. Comparative analysis of the repetitive DNA distribution and organization in the wild beet and in the addition lines allowed the development of a physical model of the chromosomal fragments. Immunostaining revealed that the PRO1 chromosome fragment binds α-tubulin and the serine 10-phosphorylated histone H3 specific for the active centromere. This is the first experimental detection of the kinetochore proteins in Beta showing their active involvement in chromosome segregation in mitosis.

Transfer of disease resistance within the genus Brassica through asymmetric somatic hybridization

Euphytica ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 85 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 247-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Gerdemann-Knörck ◽  
S. Nielen ◽  
C. Tzscheetzsch ◽  
J. Iglisch ◽  
O. Schieder
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Somatic Hybridization ◽  
Asymmetric Somatic Hybridization

scholarly journals Asymmetric Somatic Hybridization Affects Synonymous Codon Usage Bias in Wheat

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjing Xu ◽  
Yingchun Li ◽  
Yajing Li ◽  
Chun Liu ◽  
Yanxia Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Nucleotide Substitution ◽  
Somatic Hybridization ◽  
Synonymous Codon ◽  
Synonymous Codon Usage ◽  
Asymmetric Somatic Hybridization ◽  
Genomic Shock ◽  
Flanking Sequences ◽  
Synonymous Codon Usage Bias

Asymmetric somatic hybridization is an efficient strategy for crop breeding by introducing exogenous chromatin fragments, which leads to whole genomic shock and local chromosomal shock that induces genome-wide genetic variation including indel (insertion and deletion) and nucleotide substitution. Nucleotide substitution causes synonymous codon usage bias (SCUB), an indicator of genomic mutation and natural selection. However, how asymmetric somatic hybridization affects SCUB has not been addressed. Here, we explored this issue by comparing expressed sequence tags of a common wheat cultivar and its asymmetric somatic hybrid line. Asymmetric somatic hybridization affected SCUB and promoted the bias to A- and T-ending synonymous codon (SCs). SCUB frequencies in chromosomes introgressed with exogenous fragments were comparable to those in chromosomes without exogenous fragments, showing that exogenous fragments had no local chromosomal effect. Asymmetric somatic hybridization affected SCUB frequencies in indel-flanking sequences more strongly than in non-flanking sequences, and this stronger effect was present in both chromosomes with and without exogenous fragments. DNA methylation-driven SCUB shift was more pronounced than other SC pairs. SCUB shift was similar among seven groups of allelic chromosomes as well as three sub-genomes. Our work demonstrates that the SCUB shift induced by asymmetric somatic hybridization is attributed to the whole genomic shock, and DNA methylation is a putative force of SCUB shift during asymmetric somatic hybridization. Asymmetric somatic hybridization provides an available method for deepening the nature of SCUB shift and genetic variation induced by genomic shock.

scholarly journals Fusion of protoplasts with irradiated microprotoplasts as a tool for radiation hybrid panel in citrus

2009 ◽  
Vol 44 (12) ◽  
pp. 1616-1623
Author(s):  
Claudine Maria de Bona ◽  
David Stelly ◽  
J. Creighton Miller Jr. ◽  
Eliezer Silva Louzada
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Radiation Hybrid ◽  
Somatic Hybridization ◽  
Chromosome Mapping ◽  
Radiation Hybrid Panel ◽  
Chromosome Transfer ◽  
Asymmetric Somatic Hybridization ◽  
Fusion Of Protoplasts

The objective of this work was to combine asymmetric somatic hybridization (donor-recipient fusion or gamma fusion) to microprotoplast-mediated chromosome transfer, as a tool to be used for chromosome mapping in Citrus. Swinglea glutinosa microprotoplasts were irradiated either with 50, 70, 100 or 200 gamma rays and fused to cv. Ruby Red grapefruit or Murcott tangor protoplasts. Cell colonies were successfully formed and AFLP analyses confirmed presence of S. glutinosa in both 'Murcott' tangor and 'Ruby Red' grapefruit genomes.

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