Steam City: Railroads, Urban Space, and Corporate Capitalism in Nineteenth-Century Baltimore by David Schley

ABSTRACTThe traditional open-air markets on the central squares of Danish cities were thriving in the middle of the nineteenth century. However, the markets were soon challenged by new urban ideals of the city centre as a place for shopping and capital investment. At the same time, urban reformers made efforts to improve the market trade to meet modern standards. The rivalling interests struggled over the question of modernization or relocation of the central square markets and ultimately the definition and use of the central urban space. In particular, this article will examine the struggle over the construction of a fish market hall in Odense as it serves to reveal the different conceptions of the central urban space that affected the fate of the street markets.

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Novel market inefficiencies from early Victorian times

Financial History Review ◽

10.1017/s0968565017000075 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 24 (2) ◽

pp. 143-165 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Andrew Odlyzko

Keyword(s):

Nineteenth Century ◽

Economic Incentives ◽

Bond Market ◽

Government Bond ◽

British Government ◽

Victorian Culture ◽

Market Inefficiencies ◽

Corporate Capitalism ◽

The Government ◽

Pricing Anomaly

A previously unknown pricing anomaly existed for a few years in the late 1840s in the British government bond market, in which the larger and more liquid of two very large bonds was underpriced. None of the published mechanisms explains this phenomenon. It may be related to another pricing anomaly that existed for much of the nineteenth century in which terminable annuities were significantly underpriced relative to so-called ‘perpetual’ annuities that dominated the government bond market. The reasons for these mispricings seem to lie in the early Victorian culture, since the basic economic incentives as well as laws and institutions were essentially the familiar modern ones. This provides new perspectives on the origins and nature of modern corporate capitalism.

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Visuality and Urban Space in Nineteenth-Century England

Oxford Art Journal ◽

10.1093/oxartj/25.2.151 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 25 (2) ◽

pp. 151-156

Author(s):

E. Chambers

Keyword(s):

Nineteenth Century ◽

Urban Space

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A Victorian Wrenaissance: Historical Narrative at St. Paul's Cathedral

Victorian Literature and Culture ◽

10.1017/s1060150319000408 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 49 (3) ◽

pp. 389-422

Author(s):

Dory Agazarian

Keyword(s):

Nineteenth Century ◽

Urban Space ◽

Historical Narrative ◽

Italian Renaissance ◽

Architectural Theory ◽

Historical Discourse ◽

New Methods ◽

The Aesthetic ◽

Christopher Wren ◽

Liberal Individualism

The condition of St. Paul's Cathedral was central to concerns about the perception of London over the course of the nineteenth century. Designed by Sir Christopher Wren, it faced public criticism from the start. Unlike gothic Westminster Abbey, St. Paul's was an eclectic amalgam of gothic and neoclassical architecture; its interior was never finished. Efforts to decorate were boxed in by the strictures of Victorian architectural revivalism. This is the story of how academic historiography resolved a problem that aesthetic and architectural theory could not. Throughout the century, cathedral administrators sought to improve the cathedral by borrowing tools from historians with varying success. In the 1870s, a solution emerged when historians reinvented the Italian Renaissance as a symbol of liberal individualism. Their revisionist Renaissance provided an alternative to pure gothic or neoclassical revivalism, able to accommodate Wren's stylistic eclecticism. Scholars have traditionally plotted disputes about St. Paul's within broader architectural debates. Yet I argue that these discussions were framed as much by historical discourse as aesthetics. Turns in Victorian historiography eventually allowed architects to push past the aesthetic limits of the Battle of the Styles. New methods in Victorian historical research were crucial to nineteenth-century experiences of urban space.

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The Meat City: urban space and provision in industrial Copenhagen, 1880–1914

Urban History ◽

10.1017/s096392681700044x ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 45 (2) ◽

pp. 233-252

Author(s):

MIKKEL THELLE

Keyword(s):

Nineteenth Century ◽

Urban Space ◽

The Other ◽

Late Nineteenth Century ◽

The Public ◽

Production And Consumption ◽

Late Nineteenth ◽

Ambivalent Attitude ◽

The One ◽

The City

ABSTRACT:This article investigates the emergence of the Copenhagen slaughterhouse, called the Meat City, during the late nineteenth century. This slaughterhouse was a product of a number of heterogeneous components: industrialization and new infrastructures were important, but hygiene and the significance of Danish bacon exports also played a key role. In the Meat City, this created a distinction between rising production and consumption on the one hand, and the isolation and closure of the slaughtering facility on the other. This friction mirrored an ambivalent attitude towards meat in the urban space: one where consumers demanded more meat than ever before, while animals were being removed from the public eye. These contradictions, it is argued, illustrate and underline the change of the city towards a ‘post-domestic’ culture. The article employs a variety of sources, but primarily the Copenhagen Municipal Archives for regulation of meat provision.

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Ordinary women and men: superintendents and Jews in the Budapest yellow-star houses in 1944–1945

Urban History ◽

10.1017/s0963926812000648 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 40 (1) ◽

pp. 71-91

Author(s):

MÁTÉ RIGÓ

Keyword(s):

Nineteenth Century ◽

Social Interactions ◽

Present Article ◽

Urban Space ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Apartment Buildings ◽

The Holocaust ◽

Nazi Persecution ◽

Micro Level

ABSTRACT:The present article investigates how everyday people shaped the outcome of discriminatory measures during the Nazi persecution of Budapest Jews, primarily by looking into micro-level social interactions between superintendents and confined Jews during ghettoization in the Hungarian capital (1944). I argue that besides a multiplicity of relevant political, social and military reasons determining the fate of Budapest Jews, the urban specificity of the Holocaust also needs to be taken into account, given that location and access to urban space enabled different personal strategies to contest or aggravate anti-Semitic persecution. Especially older, nineteenth-century apartment buildings fostered the autonomy of superintendents, who could act independently of various authorities, exploiting certain Jews while aiding others. The article demonstrates how many superintendents made use of this power effectively as the successive regimes toughened their anti-Semitic policies. In addition, the investigation of individual motives and the micro levels of segregation and discrimination highlight major differences between and within apartment buildings, despite the supposedly homogeneous discrimination against Jews envisaged by Nazi policy makers.

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Communal Boundaries and Confessional Policies in Ottoman Niš

Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient ◽

10.1163/15685209-12341459 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 61 (4) ◽

pp. 726-756

Author(s):

Florian Riedler

Keyword(s):

Nineteenth Century ◽

Urban Space ◽

Urban History ◽

Urban Form ◽

Historical Perspective ◽

Symbolic Boundaries

AbstractThis article focuses on communal boundaries in nineteenth-century Ottoman Niš, a city located in what is today southern Serbia. In particular, it explores the implications of Robert Hayden’s model of “antagonistic tolerance” for Ottoman urban history. In a first step, by taking into consideration the urban form of Niš from a long-term historical perspective, we consider how urban space was divided between inhabitants with different religious backgrounds. The article then turns to consider the symbolic boundaries that existed between confessional groups in nineteenth-century Niš, which can be traced by looking at the construction of churches and mosques. By examining the ways in which communal boundaries were expressed, negotiated and changed through church and mosque buildings, we can begin to render the confessional policies of the Ottoman authorities more transparent.

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