FLEEING INTO SLAVERY: The Insurgent Geographies of Brazilian Quilombolas (Maroons), 1880-1881

2012 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 495-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuko Miki

On July 26, 1880, Benedito, the most notorious quilombola, or maroon, in São Mateus, the northern region of Espírito Santo province, Brazil, disappeared from the public prison in a flamboyant escape. After his drunken guards fell asleep, Benedito placed a cleaning bucket on top of his cot and employed it as a stepping-stone in tandem with a rope made from his bedsheet to scale the back wall enclosing the cell. He leapt to the other side, opened the back door, and slipped out noiselessly. Rendering the situation even more preposterous to those who discovered him gone were the handcuffs that lay on the floor smeared with sheep fat, which he had used to slip his hands out without forcing the locks.

2012 ◽  
Vol 68 (04) ◽  
pp. 495-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuko Miki

On July 26, 1880, Benedito, the most notorious quilombola, or maroon, in São Mateus, the northern region of Espírito Santo province, Brazil, disappeared from the public prison in a flamboyant escape. After his drunken guards fell asleep, Benedito placed a cleaning bucket on top of his cot and employed it as a stepping-stone in tandem with a rope made from his bedsheet to scale the back wall enclosing the cell. He leapt to the other side, opened the back door, and slipped out noiselessly. Rendering the situation even more preposterous to those who discovered him gone were the handcuffs that lay on the floor smeared with sheep fat, which he had used to slip his hands out without forcing the locks.


2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
João Leal

Este artigo está focado nos diversos modos de articulação entre o Tambor de Mina – a religião afro-brasileira prevalecente entre a população afrodescendente de São Luís (a capital do estado do Maranhão) –, e as festas do Espírito Santo – uma festa católica que é a mais importante celebração pública nas casas de culto de Tambor de Mina. A minha ênfase é nos processos criativos associados a esses diversos modos de articulação. Argumento que esses processos estão ligados, por um lado, às políticas mais amplas de gestão das fronteiras entre gêneros religiosos que cada casa de culto adota e, por outro lado, a diferentes políticas de exibição e contenção centradas na (in)visibilidade do Tambor de Mina no espaço público. O artigo é uma contribuição tanto para os debates antropológicos sobre criatividade como para as discussões sobre processos de interface entre diferentes gêneros religiosos nas religiões afro-brasileiras.ABSTRACTThis paper is focused on the diverse modes of articulation between Tambor de Mina – the African-Brazilian religion prevalent among the Afro-descendent population of São Luís (the state capital of Maranhão, Brazil) – and Holy Ghost feasts – a Catholic feast that is the most important public celebration in Tambor de Mina cult houses. My emphasis is on the creative processes associated with these diverse modes of articulation. I argue that these processes are connected, on the one hand, to the wider politics of management of the boundaries between religious genres that each cult house adopts and, on the other hand, to different politics of display and containment centred on the (in)visibility of Tambor de Mina in the public space. The paper is both a contribution to recent anthropological debates on creativity and to recent discussions on processes of interface between different religious genres in African-Brazilian religions.


2018 ◽  
pp. 173-200
Author(s):  
Felipe Salles ◽  
Robson Grassi

O artigo avalia a política pública de Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação (C,T&I) do Governo do Estado Espírito Santo, no período 2012 – 2015, por meio da análise da elaboração e execução orçamentária, a partir de dados do Plano Plurianual (PPA) do referido período. A partir de análise teórica e metodológica a respeito de indicadores de C,T&I e de componentes do orçamento público, o desempenho financeiro dos programas e ações estaduais de C,T&I é avaliado de forma a identificar os eixos prioritários de atuação da política pública e sua execução em termos orçamentários. Mostra-se que gastos substanciais no período foram realizados com ações voltadas para as áreas de trabalho e educação profissional, que revelam falta de foco da política, além de evidenciarem a forte desproporção do volume de recursos destinados à pesquisa científica em detrimento do setor produtivo, fatos que mostram a necessidade de correções de rumo a respeito de como funciona um maduro sistema de C,T&I. Isso significa que a análise detalhada da elaboração e da execução orçamentárias, além de se revelarem importante fonte de dados sobre as políticas públicas de C,T&I, são requisitos fundamentais para o aprimoramento da política para as referidas áreas, pois permitem um maior refinamento tanto no planejamento como na execução de tal política. O Espírito Santo, apesar do esforço dos últimos governos, ainda apresenta indicadores de C,T&I que evidenciam grande atraso relativo frente aos Estados mais desenvolvidos. Assim, conclui-se que, para a elaboração de uma autêntica Política de Estado para as áreas de C,T&I, além do aporte de maior volume de recursos, é necessário um mínimo de planejamento estratégico e ativa coordenação governamental para as referidas áreas, e a análise da elaboração e execução orçamentárias deve ser parte integrante deste processo.Palavras-chave: Orçamento; Ciência, tecnologia e inovação; Economia Capixaba.  ABSTRACTThe article evaluates the public policy of science, technology and innovation (STI) of the Government of the State of Espírito Santo, in the period 2012-2015, by analyzing the elaboration and execution of the budget, based on data from the Pluriannual Plan of that period. Based on theoretical and methodological analysis of STI and public budget components, the financial performance of the STI programs and actions is evaluated in order to identify the priority axes of public policy and its execution in budgetary terms. It is shown that substantial expenditures in the period were carried out with actions focused on the areas of work and professional education, which reveal a lack of focus of the policy, besides evidencing the strong disproportion of the volume of resources destined to scientific research to the detriment of the productive sector, facts that show the need for course corrections regarding how a mature system of STI works. This means that the detailed analysis of budget elaboration and execution, besides proving an important source of data on STI public policies, are fundamental requirements for the improvement of the policy for these areas, since they allow a greater refinement both in the planning and execution of such policy. The State of Espírito Santo, despite the efforts of the last governments, still presents indicators of STI that show a great delay in relation to the more developed states. Thus, it is concluded that, in order to elaborate an authentic state policy for the areas of STI, in addition to providing more resources, a minimum of strategic planning and active governmental coordination is necessary for these areas, and the analysis of budget preparation and execution should be an integral part of this process.Keywords: Budget; Science, technology and innovation; Capixaba economy.


Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2832 (1) ◽  
pp. 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
DANIELLE ANJOS-SANTOS ◽  
CÉSAR CARRIÇO ◽  
JANIRA MARTINS COSTA ◽  
TATIANA CHRYSOSTOMO SANTOS

The final instar larvae of Acanthagrion gracile and A. lancea are described and illustrated based on reared specimens from Rio de Janeiro and Espírito Santo States, Brazil, being compared with the other known larvae of this genus.


Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2727 (1) ◽  
pp. 63 ◽  
Author(s):  
THIAGO SILVA-SOARES ◽  
PAULO NOGUEIRA COSTA ◽  
RODRIGO B. FERREIRA ◽  
LUIZ NORBERTO WEBER

Scinax perpusillus group is composed by11 species. Only Scinax arduous, Scinax littoreus, Scinax. meloi, S. perpusillus, S. tupinamba, and S. v-signatus, have its tadpole described. Herein we described the tadpole of Scinax belloni and its internal oral features. Tadpoles of S. belloni were collected in bromeliads at the Parque Estadual do Forno Grande, municipality of Castelo, Espírito Santo, southeastern. Two tadpoles were reared to froglets in order to allow specific identification. The morphology of S. belloni tadpoles resemble the other known larvae in many aspects such as oval body in dorsal view, coloration, rounded snout in dorsal view, dorsolateral eyes, anteroventral mouth and labial tooth row formula 2(2)/3. In fact, at first sight, all known tadpoles are very similar from each other. Nevertheless, they do can be distinguished by some characters as the shape of lower jaw; number of row of labial papillae; the size of the fins; height of tail and the body; whether musculature of tail reaches its tip and if tail ends rounded or pointed. S. belloni tadpoles are readily differentiated from the other known Scinax gr. perpusillus species tadpoles by the presence of a dark band that goes along the dorsal and ventral fin. The internal oral morphology of S. belloni is also described.


Author(s):  
D. P. Cardoso ◽  
L. R. Nicole ◽  
G. Oliosi ◽  
F. R. Pires

<p>Dentre as cultivares de aveia-preta, optou-se pela cultivar Embrapa 29 (Garoa) por ser uma espécie de boa produção de massa e adaptada às condições da região Sudeste. Mas, não há estudo do cultivo da aveia-preta para a região norte do Espírito Santo. Portanto, avaliar o crescimento e desenvolvimento da Avena strigosa cultivar Embrapa 29 (Garoa) nas condições edafoclimáticas do norte do ES, torna-se de suma importância para região, visto que essa propicia várias melhorias na qualidade do solo. A área onde foi instalado o experimento, pertence à Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Centro Universitário Norte do Espírito Santo-CEUNES, câmpus de São Mateus – ES. A semeadura foi realizada com uma máquina de plantio direto em sulcos espaçados de 0,30 m. Não realizou a correção da acidez do solo e nem aplicações de adubos minerais e orgânicos. Mesmo com o plantio tardio, a aveia-preta teve um bom desenvolvimento nas condições edafoclimáticas da região norte do ES. Este, possivelmente, foi beneficiado pela textura, visto que não há nenhum impedimento para o sistema radicular da planta. A aveia-preta desenvolve bem nas condições edafoclimáticas da região de São Mateus-ES, principalmente, sobre um Argiloso Amarelo de textura do tipo areia-franca.</p><p align="center"><strong><em>Oat planting in the region of São Mateus in the State of Espirito Santo, Brazil</em></strong></p><p><strong>Abstract</strong><strong>: </strong>Among the cultivars of oat, it was decided to Embrapa 29 (Garoa) to be a good kind of mass production and adapted to the conditions in the Southeast. But there is no study of the cultivation of oat to the northern region of the Holy Spirit. Therefore, assessing the growth and development of <em>Avena strigosa</em> Embrapa 29 (Garoa) at conditions of northern ES, it is of paramount importance for the region, since this provides a number of improvements in soil quality. The area where the experiment was conducted, belongs to the Federal University of Espirito Santo, University Center North-CEUNES Holy Spirit campus of St. Matthew - ES. Sowing was carried out with a tillage machine in spaced grooves of 0.30 m. Did not make the correct soil acidity and, mineral and organic fertilizers applications. Even with the late planting, oat had a good development in the environmental conditions of the northern region ES. This possibly benefited from the texture, since there is no impediment to the root system of the plant. The black oats grow well in soil and climatic conditions of São Mateus-ES region, mainly on a Yellow Argillaceous type of texture sand-franca.</p>


Author(s):  
Érika de Andrade Silva Leal ◽  
Julia Fernandes ◽  
Luiz Henrique Lima Faria ◽  
Daniela Bertolini Depizzol ◽  
Bruna Bandeira Fassarella

Innovations are sources of competitive advantage for companies, regions, and countries. At the beginning of this century, the growth of the public sector's participation in financing innovation was observed in Brazil. With the regulation of the Brazilian Innovation Law in 2005, the Governments started to execute grants for innovation, meaning non-reimbursable financial support to companies in order to develop innovative activities, in partnership with the Federal Government. In 2013, the Government of Espírito Santo State, performed the grants in the state, through TECNOVA-ES Program. A total of R$13.5 million has been injected into 38 companies with the aim of developing innovative products and services to expand the competitiveness of these companies. This article evaluates the impacts of TECNOVA-ES with emphasis on the commercialization of products/services. The main results revealed 27 companies participating in the evaluation (71% of the population) have developed 65 products, of which 46 have reached the market, resulting in a commercialization rate of 70%. In terms of turnover, more than 55% of the companies participating in this study had no impact on their turnover due to TECNOVA-ES. However, the program allowed almost 15% of the companies participating in the evaluation to increase their revenues by more than 100%. Future studies are recommended to evaluate the impacts of TECNOVA-ES considering other variables such as cooperation relations, social and environmental impacts.


Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 484 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-43
Author(s):  
PEDRO HENRIQUE CARDOSO ◽  
VANESSA IMACULADA DOS REIS VALÉRIO ◽  
LUIZ MENINI NETO ◽  
FÁTIMA REGINA GONÇALVES SALIMENA

Verbenaceae is represented in Brazil by 15 genera and ca. 290 species, with most of its richness in the Cerrado and Atlantic Forest domains. The state of Espírito Santo has an area of 46,184.1 km2, wholly embedded in the Atlantic Forest. Nonetheless, due to the intense environmental degradation in the state, only 10.5% of its original vegetation remains. The present study is part of the “Flora do estado do Espírito Santo” project and aims to provide a taxonomic treatment to Verbenaceae in the state, as well as to analyze its distribution patterns, together with preliminary conservation assessments for each species. It is based on morphological analysis of herbaria collections, field expeditions, and literature compilation. Distribution maps were made for each species, while the preliminary conservation assessments followed the criteria proposed by the IUCN. Verbenaceae is represented in the state of Espírito Santo by 31 species arranged in 11 genera: Aloysia (2 spp.), Bouchea (1 sp.). Casselia (1 sp.), Citharexylum (1 sp.), Glandularia (1 sp.), Lantana (10 spp.), Lippia (4 spp.), Petrea (1 sp.), Priva (2 spp.), Stachytarpheta (6 spp.) and Verbena (2 spp.). Eight species occurring in Espírito Santo are threatened with extinction. Three new records are verified, including species of the genus Lantana. The dense rainforest, which covers most of the state’s territory, presents the most significant number of species (20 spp.), followed by pioneer vegetations (12 spp.), seasonal semideciduous forests (11 spp.), inselbergs (8 spp.), and ecological refuges (2 spp.). The main richness centers for Verbenaceae in the state of Espírito Santo are the municipalities of Linhares, Santa Teresa, Vitória, Vila Velha, and Guarapari in this order. In contrast, the family is noticeably little represented in the northern region of the state, as well as near its borders, where the forest remnants are highly fragmented and scattered. The current results contribute to the taxonomic and biogeographic knowledge of Verbenaceae, to the creation of conservation strategies for threatened species in the State of sspírito Santo, and reinforce the need of fieldwork in several areas of the state.


Author(s):  
Luan P. Venancio ◽  
Fernando F. da Cunha ◽  
Everardo C. Mantovani ◽  
Gilberto C. Sediyama ◽  
Fernando C. Eugenio ◽  
...  

ABSTRACT The Penman-Monteith method (PM-FAO) is recommended as standard for calculation of reference evapotranspiration (ETo). However, its use requires a series of meteorological variables that is not normally available, restricting its application in many locations. A solution to the problem of unavailability of meteorological data was presented in FAO Bulletin 56, which contains methodologies for estimating wind speed, solar radiation and relative humidity. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the performance of the PM-FAO methodologies for missing data and Hargreaves-Samani as alternatives to the PM-FAO standard method at different time scales and seasons for the municipalities of Linhares and São Mateus, located in the northern region of the state of Espírito Santo. The comparison was performed using linear regression parameters (β0 and β1), coefficient of determination, standard error of estimation (SEE) and coefficient of performance. The best alternative to the standard PM-FAO standard method for estimating ETo in the studied area was the Penman-Monteith method with missing wind speed data, since the R2 for this method always remained above 0.94 and the confidence coefficient was classified as great, for all seasons and scales. The Hargreaves-Samani method did not present satisfactory performance, with R2 below 0.7, regardless of the time scale and time of the year, and it yielded the greatest SEE (1.0 mm d-1) at spring on a two-day scale. Thus, its use in the northern region of the Espírito Santo state is not recommended.


Author(s):  
Marcelle Lemos Leal ◽  
Angela Soto Cunha ◽  
Erica Marvila Garcia ◽  
Barbara Almeida Soares Dias

Characterizing hospitalization due to neoplsms in the Public Health System of Espírito Santo state, Brazil, 2011-2015


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