The Role of the Non-dominant Hand in ZEI Discourse Structure

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-72
Author(s):  
Sara Siyavoshi
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Structure ◽  
Dominant Hand

Role of Dominant Hand Position during Chest Compression by Novice Rescuers: An Observational Simulation Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 382-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ch Jo ◽  
Jh Ahn ◽  
Yd Shon ◽  
Gc Cho
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Chest Compression ◽  
Simulation Study ◽  
Hand Position ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Cpr Training

Introduction The aim of this study was to determine the effect of hand positioning on the quality of external chest compression (ECC) by novice rescuers. Methods This observational simulation study was conducted for 117 included participants. After completion of an adult cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training program for 3-h, the participants selected which of their hands would be in contact with the mannequin during ECC and performed 5 cycles of single rescuer CPR on a recording mannequin. The participants were assigned to 2 groups: the dominant hand group (DH; n=40) and the non-dominant hand group (NH; n=29). The depth and rate of ECC were analysed to compare the effectiveness of ECC between 2 groups. Results The rate of ECC was significantly faster in the DH group (mean, 117.3 ±11.4/min) than in the NH group (mean, 110.9±12.2/min) (p=0.028). However, the depth of ECC in the dominant hand group (mean, 52.4±5.9 mm) was not significantly different from that in the non-dominant hand group (mean, 50.8±6.0 mm) (p=0.287). Similarly, the portion of ECC with inadequate depth in the dominant hand group (mean, 1.8±4.3%) was not significantly different from that in the non-dominant hand group (mean, 5.3±15.6%) (p=0.252). Conclusions ECC can be performed with an acceptably higher rate of compressions when the dominant hand of the novice rescuer is placed in contact with the sternum. However, the position of the dominant hand does not affect the depth of ECC. (Hong Kong j.emerg.med. 2014;21:382-386)

EXPRESS: Articulatory suppression delays processing of abstract words: the role of inner speech

2021 ◽  
pp. 174702182110536
Author(s):  
Chiara Fini ◽  
Gian Daniele Zannino ◽  
Matteo Orsoni ◽  
Giovanni Augusto Carlesimo ◽  
Mariagrazia Benassi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Articulatory Suppression ◽  
Judgment Task ◽  
Inner Speech ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Conceptual Representation ◽  
Abstract Concepts ◽  
Single Object ◽  
Abstract Words ◽  
Concrete Concepts

Compared to concrete concepts, like “book”, abstract concepts expressed by words like “justice” are more detached from sensorial experiences, even though they are also grounded in sensorial modalities. Abstract concepts lack a single object as referent and are characterized by higher variability both within and across participants. According to the Word as Social Tool (WAT) proposal, owing to their complexity, abstract concepts need to be processed with the help of inner language. Inner language can namely help participants to re-explain to themselves the meaning of the word, to keep information active in working memory, and to prepare themselves to ask information from more competent people. While previous studies have demonstrated that the mouth is involved during abstract concepts’ processing, both the functional role and the mechanisms underlying this involvement still need to be clarified. We report an experiment in which participants were required to evaluate whether 78 words were abstract or concrete by pressing two different pedals. During the judgment task, they were submitted, in different blocks, to a baseline, an articulatory suppression, and a manipulation condition. In the last two conditions, they had to repeat a syllable continually and to manipulate a softball with their dominant hand. Results showed that articulatory suppression slowed down the processing of abstract more than that of concrete words. Overall results confirm the WAT proposal’s hypothesis that abstract concepts processing involves the mouth motor system and specifically inner speech. We discuss the implications for current theories of conceptual representation.

Avatar and Dialog Turn-Yielding Phenomena

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ladislav Kunc ◽  
Zdenek Míkovec ◽  
Pavel Slavík
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Structure ◽  
Conversational Agent ◽  
Correct Judgment ◽  
Spoken Dialog Systems ◽  
Dialog Systems ◽  
Vocal Cues ◽  
Synthesized Speech ◽  
Turn Taking

Turn-taking and turn-yielding phenomena in dialogs receive increasing attention nowadays. A growing number of spoken dialog systems inspire application designers to humanize people’s interaction experience with computers. The knowledge of psychology in discourse structure could be helpful in this effort. In this paper the authors explore effectiveness of selected visual and vocal turn-yielding cues in dialog systems using synthesized speech and an avatar. The aim of this work is to detect the role of visual and vocal cues on dialog turn-change judgment using a conversational agent. The authors compare and study the cues in two experiments. Findings of those experiments suggest that the selected visual turn-yielding cues are more effective than the vocal cues in increasing correct judgment of dialog turn-change. Vocal cues in the experiment show quite poor results and the conclusion discusses possible explanations of that.

scholarly journals The role of causal discourse structure in narrative writing

2000 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 711-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul van den Broek ◽  
Brian Linzie ◽  
Charles Fletcher ◽  
Chad J. Marsolek
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Structure ◽  
Narrative Writing

The social consequences of language ideologies in courtroom cross-examination

2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 471-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Eades
Keyword(s):  
Language Ideologies ◽  
Aboriginal People ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Discourse Structure ◽  
Judicial Decision ◽  
Closing Arguments ◽  
Australian Aboriginal ◽  
Investigative Interview ◽  
The Social

AbstractInvestigations of inequality within the courtroom have mostly examined ways in which discourse structure and rules of use constrain witnesses. This article goes beyond interactional practices to deal with four central language ideologies, which both facilitate these practices and impact on the interpretation and understanding of what people say in evidence. The article further shows that language ideologies can have much wider consequences beyond the courtroom. Focusing on language ideologies involved in storytelling and retelling in cross-examination, and using an Australian example, the article traces the recontextualization of part of a witness's story from an initial investigative interview to cross-examination, then to its evaluation in closing arguments and the judicial decision, as well as its (mis)representation in the print media. The analysis reveals the role of these language ideologies in the perpetuation of neocolonial control over Australian Aboriginal people. (Language ideologies, courtroom talk, cross-examination, decontextualization, recontextualization, neocolonial control, Australia)*

scholarly journals Complex modulation of fingertip forces during precision grasp and lift after theta burst stimulation over the dorsal premotor cortex

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 526-535
Author(s):  
Dragana Drljacic ◽  
Sanja Pajic ◽  
Aleksandar Nedeljkovic ◽  
Sladjan Milanovic ◽  
Tihomir Ilic
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Premotor Cortex ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Dorsal Premotor Cortex ◽  
Grasp Stability ◽  
Precision Grasping ◽  
Fingertip Forces ◽  
Theta Burst

Background/Aim. Adaptive control and fingertip force synchronization of precise grasp stability during unimanual manipulation of small objects represents an illustrative example of highly fractionated movements that are foundation of fine motor control. It is assumed that this process is controlled by several motor areas of the frontal lobe, particularly applicable to the primary motor (M-1) and dorsal premotor cortex (PMd). Aiming to examine the role of PMd during fine coordination of fingertip forces we applied theta burst repetitive magnetic stimulation (TBS) to disrupt neural processing in that cortical area. Methods. Using a single-blind, randomized, crossover design, 10 healthy subjects (29 ? 3.9 years) received single sessions of continuous TBS (cTBS600), intermittent TBS (iTBS600), or sham stimulation, separate from one another at least one week, over the PMd region of dominant hemisphere. Precision grasp and lift were assessed by instrumented device, recording grip (G) and load (L) forces, during three manipulation tasks (ramp-and-hold, oscillation force producing and simple lifting tasks), with each hand separately, before and after interventions. Results. We observed the improvement of task performance related to constant error (CE) in oscillation task with the dominant hand (DH) after the iTBS (p = 0.009). On the contrary, the cTBS reduced variable error (VE) for non-dominant hand (NH), p = 0.005. Considering force coordination we found that iTBS worsened variables for NH (G/L ratio, p = 0.017; cross-correlation of the G and L, p = 0.047; Gain, p = 0.047). Conclusion. These results demonstrate the ability of TBS to modulate fingertip forces during precision grasping and lifting, when applied over PMd. These findings support the role of PMd in human motor control and forces generation required to hold small objects stable in our hands.

scholarly journals Role of dominant hand position during external cardiac compression

2000 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 491-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Kundra ◽  
S Dey ◽  
M Ravishankar
Keyword(s):  
Hand Position ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Cardiac Compression

Discourse Structure and the Negotiation of Comprehensible Input

1989 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Ehrlich ◽  
Peter Avery ◽  
Carlos Yorio
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Second Language Acquisition ◽  
Language Acquisition ◽  
The Other ◽  
Discourse Structure ◽  
Accurate Predictor ◽  
Drawing Task ◽  
Comprehensible Input

This article examines the role of negotiations of meaning in providing comprehensible input for NNS learners. We report on an experiment conducted with NS–NNS and NS–NS pairs involving a picture-drawing task, where one member of each pair instructed the other in the drawing of simple objects. The results of the experiment suggest that the success or failure of meaning negotiations in providing comprehensible input depends on the point in the discourse at which they occur. We therefore question a prevailing assumption in the second language acquisition literature that the mere quantity of meaning negotiations within a discourse is an accurate predictor of the quantity of comprehensible input that results. We propose that meaning negotiations should be analyzed within a discourse framework to explain their role in creating comprehensible input.

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