Pilot Light

David Starkey

doi:10.1353/psg.2018.0165

Marvin Morrison, Word City. A new language tool. (Pp. xxi + 352. Pilot Light, Stone Mountain, Ga., 1982. ISBN 0-9608376-0-4. $4.95.)

Journal of the International Phonetic Association ◽

10.1017/s0025100300002759 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 51-52

Author(s):

J. C. Wells

Keyword(s):

Pilot Light

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The Pilot Light Summit: Development and Refinement of Consensus-Based Holistic Food Education Standards for Youth

Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior ◽

10.1016/j.jneb.2018.04.215 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 50 (7) ◽

pp. S167

Author(s):

Jessica Metcalfe ◽

Carolyn Sutter ◽

Alexandra DeSorbo-Quinn ◽

Lynn Tucker ◽

John Allegrante ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Education Standards ◽

Food Education ◽

Pilot Light

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Decomposition of Elastomers at High Temperatures

Rubber Chemistry and Technology ◽

10.5254/1.3542988 ◽

1949 ◽

Vol 22 (3) ◽

pp. 667-679 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Glenn S. Skinner ◽

James H. McNeal

Keyword(s):

Double Bond ◽

Natural Rubber ◽

Hydrogen Cyanide ◽

Rapid Rise ◽

Hydrogen Atoms ◽

Acrylonitrile Copolymer ◽

Rapid Action ◽

Exothermic Decomposition ◽

Gaseous Hydrocarbons ◽

Pilot Light

Abstract All of the elastomer compositions tested from natural rubber, GR-S, butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer, and Neoprene undergo an exothermic decomposition when rapidly heated. Increase in the heating rate enhances the abruptness and magnitude of the exothermic rise. Long heating at 190–200° C eliminates exothermic action. The rapid action also takes place in an atmosphere of nitrogen. Various compounding agents may modify this behavior, but they do not eliminate it. The exothermic action is therefore characteristic of the elastomers in the stocks. The only known structural characteristic common to all these elastomers is the residual double bond. The exothermic activity is, therefore, ascribed primarily to this source. This interpretation is further supported by the work of Midgley and Henne, which showed that the C—C bond in the 1–3 position to the residual double bond in crepe rubber is most readily cleaved. It is rendered still more probable by the evolution of products from the gum stocks tested, which require active hydrogen atoms for their formation. Very little hydrogen chloride is evolved before rapid action begins, and the rate of evolution increases sharply at the peak of exothermic action. Similarly, the butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer yields hydrogen cyanide, and natural rubber yields saturated gaseous hydrocarbons. The evolution of smoke does not necessarily parallel the exothermic action. Smoke densities sufficient to cause 50 per cent extinction are always obtained before the beginning of the rapid rise in temperature. Complete extinction of the light in the apparatus occurs at a point between the beginning and the peak of the exothermic action. The smoke just above the sample of some stocks may clear completely during the exothermic action. Stocks containing zinc and magnesium oxides give colored smokes of a greatly increased order of density during the exothermic action. Phosgene cannot be detected in the smoke from Neoprene stocks. The outside heating temperatures at which the smoke and volatile gases flash are very similar for the four elastomers in the gum stocks. The initial flash occurs at the beginning of the exothermic rise. The smoke from Neoprene extinguishes the pilot light, while the other samples are ignited and continue to burn.

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