scholarly journals Composition and Structure of Lowland Rain-Forest Tree Communities on Ta'u, American Samoa

2006 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward L. Webb ◽  
Martin van de Bult ◽  
Wanlop Chutipong ◽  
Md. Enamul Kabir
Keyword(s):  
Rain Forest ◽  
American Samoa ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Lowland Rain Forest ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Tree Communities

Shifts in species and phylogenetic diversity between sapling and tree communities indicate negative density dependence in a lowland rain forest

2010 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mailyn A. Gonzalez ◽  
Aurélien Roger ◽  
Elodie A. Courtois ◽  
Franck Jabot ◽  
Natalia Norden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Density Dependence ◽  
Rain Forest ◽  
Phylogenetic Diversity ◽  
Lowland Rain Forest ◽  
Tree Communities ◽  
Negative Density Dependence

scholarly journals Species richness and phytogeography of the Bryophyte flora of the Guianas, with special reference to the lowland forest

1990 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R. Gradstein ◽  
D. Montfoort ◽  
J. H.C. Cornelissen
Keyword(s):  
Rain Forest ◽  
Mixed Forest ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Evergreen Forest ◽  
General Character ◽  
Lowland Forest ◽  
Lowland Rain Forest ◽  
Dry Evergreen Forest ◽  
Species Area ◽  
The Guianas

The Guianas (French Guiana, Suriname, Guyana) are probably one of the last areas of the world covered largely by virgin lowland rain forest. Species diversity of epiphytic bryophytes was investigated in dry evergreen forest and mixed forest using mountaineering techniques to ascend into the canopy. The results indicate that the lowland rain forest is richer in species than previously believed due to neglect of the canopy flora, which may hold more than 50% of the local species. The mixed forest holds the richest flora and on one single forest tree up to 67 bryophyte species were found (50 on average); 28 trees yielded 154 species. A species/area curve indicates that epiphytic bryophyte species are usually commonly distributed in the forest and a few trees may yield much of the local flora. A recent checklist of the Guianas includes over 600 species of bryophytes: 375 Hepaticae and 234 Musci. As the region lacks in altitude (except on Mt. Roraima) the general character of the bryophyte flora of the Guianas is typically lowland neotropical. Over 80% of the species are rather widespread in tropical America (Amazonian species included), and the remaining are Guayana Highlands, northern Amazonian or Caribbean elements. Endemism is very low: 2.5 %.

scholarly journals Dispersal assembly of rain forest tree communities across the Amazon basin

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 (10) ◽  
pp. 2645-2650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle G. Dexter ◽  
Mathew Lavin ◽  
Benjamin M. Torke ◽  
Alex D. Twyford ◽  
Thomas A. Kursar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rain Forest ◽  
Phylogenetic Diversity ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Rain Forests ◽  
Phylogenetic Structure ◽  
Neotropical Tree ◽  
Tree Community ◽  
Tree Communities

We investigate patterns of historical assembly of tree communities across Amazonia using a newly developed phylogeny for the species-rich neotropical tree genusInga. We compare our results with those for three other ecologically important, diverse, and abundant Amazonian tree lineages,Swartzia, Protieae, andGuatteria. Our analyses using phylogenetic diversity metrics demonstrate a clear lack of geographic phylogenetic structure, and show that local communities ofIngaand regional communities of all four lineages are assembled by dispersal across Amazonia. The importance of dispersal in the biogeography ofIngaand other tree genera in Amazonian and Guianan rain forests suggests that speciation is not driven by vicariance, and that allopatric isolation following dispersal may be involved in the speciation process. A clear implication of these results is that over evolutionary timescales, the metacommunity for any local or regional tree community in the Amazon is the entire Amazon basin.

Ants accelerate litter decomposition in a Costa Rican lowland tropical rain forest

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 437-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terrence P. McGlynn ◽  
Evan K. Poirson
Keyword(s):  
Mass Loss ◽  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Litter Decomposition ◽  
Rain Forest ◽  
Costa Rican ◽  
Tropical Rain Forests ◽  
Rain Forests ◽  
Food Web Structure ◽  
Litter Bags ◽  
Lowland Rain Forest

Abstract:The decomposition of leaf litter is governed, in part, by litter invertebrates. In tropical rain forests, ants are dominant predators in the leaf litter and may alter litter decomposition through the action of a top-down control of food web structure. The role of ants in litter decomposition was investigated in a Costa Rican lowland rain forest with two experiments. In a mesocosm experiment, we manipulated ant presence in 50 ambient leaf-litter mesocosms. In a litterbag gradient experiment, Cecropia obtusifolia litter was used to measure decomposition rate constants across gradients in nutrients, ant density and richness, with 27 separate litterbag treatments for total arthropod exclusion or partial arthropod exclusion. After 2 mo, mass loss in mesocosms containing ants was 30.9%, significantly greater than the 23.5% mass loss in mesocosms without ants. In the litter bags with all arthropods excluded, decomposition was best accounted by the carbon: phosphorus content of soil (r2 = 0.41). In litter bags permitting smaller arthropods but excluding ants, decomposition was best explained by the local biomass of ants in the vicinity of the litter bags (r2 = 0.50). Once the microarthropod prey of ants are permitted to enter litterbags, the biomass of ants near the litterbags overtakes soil chemistry as the regulator of decomposition. In concert, these results support a working hypothesis that litter-dwelling ants are responsible for accelerating litter decomposition in lowland tropical rain forests.

Yams and megapode mounds in the lowland rain forest of Papua New Guinea

Human Ecology ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter D. Dwyer ◽  
Monica Minnegal
Keyword(s):  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Rain Forest ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Lowland Rain Forest

Seedling functional types in a lowland rain forest in Mexico

2001 ◽  
Vol 88 (10) ◽  
pp. 1801-1812 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillermo Ibarra-Manríquez ◽  
Miguel Martínez Ramos ◽  
Ken Oyama
Keyword(s):  
Rain Forest ◽  
Lowland Rain Forest ◽  
Functional Types

Diversity and vertical distribution of epiphytic liverworts in lowland rain forest and lowland cloud forest of French Guiana

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 243-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Gehrig-Downie ◽  
André Obregon ◽  
Jörg Bendix ◽  
Robbert Gradstein
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Rain Forest ◽  
French Guiana ◽  
Cloud Forest ◽  
Lowland Rain Forest
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