Commentary on "Towards a Design-Based Analysis of Emotional Episodes"

1996 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Miceli ◽  
Cristiano Castelfranchi
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Episodes

scholarly journals Comparing supervised and unsupervised approaches to emotion categorization in the human brain, body, and subjective experience.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahar Azari ◽  
Christiana Westlin ◽  
Ajay Satpute ◽  
J. Benjamin Hutchinson ◽  
Philip A. Kragel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Subjective Experience ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Ground Truth ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Physical Measurements ◽  
Supervised Classifiers ◽  
Emotional Episodes ◽  
Emotion Labels ◽  
The Brain

Machine learning methods provide powerful tools to map physical measurements to scientific categories. But are such methods suitable for discovering the ground truth about psychological categories? We use the science of emotion as a test case to explore this question. In studies of emotion, researchers use supervised classifiers, guided by emotion labels, to attempt to discover biomarkers in the brain or body for the corresponding emotion categories. This practice relies on the assumption that the labels refer to objective categories that can be discovered. Here, we critically examine this approach across three distinct datasets collected during emotional episodes- measuring the human brain, body, and subjective experience- and compare supervised classification studies with those from unsupervised clustering in which no a priori labels are assigned to the data. We conclude with a set of recommendations to guide researchers towards meaningful, data-driven discoveries in the science of emotion and beyond.

scholarly journals The Relation between Appraised Mismatch and the Duration of Negative Emotions: Evidence for Universality

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 481-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Verduyn ◽  
Iven Van Mechelen ◽  
Francis Tuerlinckx ◽  
Klaus Scherer
Keyword(s):  
European Association ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Personality Psychology ◽  
Central Aspect ◽  
Shame And Guilt ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Emotional Episodes ◽  
Over Time

Emotions are processes that unfold over time. As a consequence, a better understanding of emotions can be reached only when their time–related characteristics can be assessed and interpreted adequately. A central aspect in this regard is the duration of emotional experience. Previous studies have shown that an emotional experience can last anywhere from a couple of seconds up to several hours or longer. In this article, we examine to what extent specific appraisals of the eliciting event may account for variability in emotion duration and to what degree appraisal–duration relations are universal or culture specific. Participants in 37 countries were asked to recollect emotional episodes of fear, anger, sadness, disgust, shame and guilt. Subsequently, they were asked to report the duration of these episodes and to answer a number of questions regarding their appraisal of the emotion–eliciting event. Multi–level analyses revealed that negative emotions last especially long when the eliciting event and its consequences are perceived to be incongruent with the individual's goals, values and self–ideal, creating a mismatch. These relations are largely universal, although evidence for some limited variability across countries is found as well. Copyright © 2013 European Association of Personality Psychology

scholarly journals Amalgams and the power of analytical chemistry: Affective science needs to decompose the appraisal-emotion interaction

2005 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Sander ◽  
Klaus R. Scherer
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Chemistry ◽  
Brain Research ◽  
Appraisal Process ◽  
Affective Science ◽  
Emotional Episodes ◽  
Over Time

The issues addressed in this commentary include: (1) the appropriate conceptualization of “appraisal”; (2) the nature and unfolding of emotional episodes over time; (3) the interrelationships between the dynamic elements of the appraisal process and their effects on other emotion components, as well as repercussions on ongoing appraisal in a recursive process; and (4) the use of brain research to constrain and inform models of emotion.

Unfolding Commitments Management

2009 ◽  
pp. 198-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Aubé
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Biology ◽  
Cooperative Behavior ◽  
Memory Systems ◽  
Emotional Behavior ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Affective States ◽  
Motivational Systems ◽  
Survival And Reproduction ◽  
Expression Of Emotions ◽  
Emotional Episodes

The Commitment Theory of Emotions is issued from a careful scrutiny of emotional behavior in humans and animals, as reported in the literature on Evolutionary Biology, Neurosciences and the Psychology of emotions. Emotions are viewed as a special layer of processes, wired upon needs and instincts, and dealing mainly with nurturance, social bonding and cooperative behavior, especially between kin and relatives. As every other motivational system, they operate so as to manage resources critical for survival and reproduction. The peculiar resources emotions do manage are commitments, understood as the predispositions of a given individual to help others and collaborate with them in a reciprocal manner. This view clarifies considerably the interactions emotions entertain with a variety of modules involved in their operation, from the detection of antecedents in perceptual or memory systems, to the elicitation of the appropriate emotion, to the execution of the corresponding script, to the expression of emotions as the typical outcome of emotional episodes. The flow of processing is continuously modulated by affective states of the organisms and by other motivational systems. The chapter expounds the operation of each module as well as their interactions with each other. It concludes that successful implementation of emotions in artificial systems will have to rest upon the specifications of complex and realistic models of the kind presented.

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