Fifty Years of Change: The Minor Leagues, Then and Now; or, The Minor Leagues, Fifty Years On

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-149
Author(s):  
George Gmelch
Keyword(s):  
Minor Leagues

An Interview with Jim Eisenreich

CNS Spectrums ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 18-20
Author(s):  
Mark L. Fuerst
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Tourette Syndrome ◽  
Role Model ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Professional Baseball ◽  
Baseball Player ◽  
Team Physician ◽  
Professional Athlete ◽  
Minor Leagues

Seventeen years after professional baseball player Jim Eisenreich first developed symptoms of Tourette syndrome (TS), the correct diagnosis was finally made.At age 6, his rapid eye blinking led to a diagnosis of hyperactivity. “I was told I would grow out of it,” says the 39-year-old Eisenreich, who may have played his last game as a Los Angeles Dodger. “I knew I was different even then.”In the early 1980s, Eisenreich's condition first became public. Since then, his achievements as a professional athlete have made him a role model for other TS patients.Sports were always a haven for him as he grew up. “I found peace, comfort, and security in sports. Whatever the season, I played the sport—football, baseball, hockey,” says Eisenreich. “Socially, I didn't go to the movies or go out much with girls.”After 2 years in the minor leagues, he was called up by the Minnesota Twins in 1982 as an outfielder. During the season, a TS specialist recognized his grunting and sniffling as signs of the disease. “I had no idea what the specialist was talking about, and the Twins doctors dismissed it because I didn't have copralalia,” he says. The Twins team physician (an internist) prescribed a sedative. Then Eisenreich tried Inderal, which caused hyperventilation, and Catapres, which caused depression.

Coping resources and strategies of Canadian ice-hockey players: An empirical National Hockey League career model

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 726-737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randy C Battochio ◽  
Natalia Stambulova
Keyword(s):  
Sport Psychology ◽  
Coping Resources ◽  
Ice Hockey ◽  
National Hockey League ◽  
Career Stage ◽  
Hockey Players ◽  
Minor Leagues ◽  
Sophomore Slump ◽  
Career Model ◽  
Conversational Interviews

Sport psychology researchers have studied careers of Canadian ice hockey players in the National Hockey League (NHL) and devised an empirical NHL career model. The model was comprised of career stages, statuses, demands and barriers to career progression without any indication of coping. The intent in the present article is to feature coping resources and strategies utilized by players during each status and career stage within the empirical model. Five rookies, 5 veterans, and 13 retirees participated in conversational interviews and the data underwent a deductive thematic analysis. Prospects seeking to gain entry into the NHL set controllable expectations rather than playing to impress coaches and staff. Most prospects played in the minor leagues where they adjusted their expectations to accept roles that they were likely to have during an NHL call-up. The career stage of developing as an NHL player was about rookies producing immediately in their role while holding off internal competition for their roster spot. In the same stage, sophomores were in their second full NHL season and they studied their opponents to avoid the sophomore slump. The stage of reaching the NHL elite involved constant pressure for point production and winning playoff games. The final stage was about seasoned veterans maintaining NHL play involvement by preserving their physique despite being worn down from long careers in a contact sport. The authors will discuss the significance of the model for sport psychology researchers and practitioners, and NHL stakeholders.

The minor leagues myth: A survey of stable small firms

1986 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-12
Author(s):  
Phil Zuckerman
Keyword(s):  
Small Firms ◽  
Minor Leagues

The Effect of Performance on a Worker's Career: Evidence from Minor League Baseball

ILR Review ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 692-708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen J. Spurr ◽  
William Barber
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Professional Baseball ◽  
Minor League Baseball ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Good Data ◽  
Negative Direction ◽  
Minor League ◽  
Minor Leagues ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Time Required

The authors analyze the promotion, demotion, and turnover of pitchers in baseball's minor leagues—a labor market for which exceptionally good data on performance are available—in the years 1975–88. They find that the time between a player's assignment to one league and promotion or demotion to another (or exit from professional baseball) declined as his performance deviated from the mean, in either a positive or negative direction. Also negatively associated with the time required to make a determination about a pitcher's ability was his age, which the authors use as a proxy for experience. Pitchers' ages did not, however, affect the highest league level in which they ultimately played.

Forearm Flexor Injuries Among Major League Baseball Players: Epidemiology, Performance, and Associated Injuries

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (9) ◽  
pp. 2154-2160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin L. Hodgins ◽  
David P. Trofa ◽  
Steve Donohue ◽  
Mark Littlefield ◽  
Michael Schuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major League Baseball ◽  
Ulnar Collateral Ligament ◽  
Associated Injuries ◽  
Collateral Ligament ◽  
Baseball Players ◽  
Minor League ◽  
Minor Leagues ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Forearm Flexor ◽  
Forearm Injuries

Background: Despite evidence highlighting the importance of the forearm flexor muscles of elite baseball players, no studies have reported on the epidemiology of flexor strains and their associated outcomes. Purpose: To examine the incidence, associated injuries, and outcomes associated with forearm flexor injuries among major and minor league baseball players. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Injury data attributed to forearm flexor injuries among Major League Baseball (MLB) and minor league teams between 2010 and 2014 were obtained from the professional baseball Health and Injury Tracking System. This analysis included the number of players injured, seasonal timing of injury, days spent on the disabled list (DL), preinjury performance data, and subsequent injuries. Results: A total of 134 and 629 forearm flexor injuries occurred in MLB and the minor leagues, respectively. The mean player age was 28.6 and 22.8 years in the MLB and minor leagues, respectively. The mean time spent on the DL for MLB players was 117.0 days, as opposed to 93.9 days in the minor leagues ( P = .272). Interestingly, pitcher performance declined in all categories examined leading up to the season of injury, with significant differences in walks plus hits per inning pitched ( P = .04) and strike percentage ( P = .036). Of MLB players with a forearm injury, subsequent injuries included 50 (37.3%) shoulder, 48 (35.8%) elbow, and 24 (17.9%) forearm injuries. Among injured minor league players, subsequent injuries included 170 (27.0%) shoulder, 156 (24.8%) elbow, and 83 (13.2%) forearm injuries. These rates of subsequent injuries were significantly higher compared with the rates of injuries sustained among players without forearm injuries in both leagues ( P < .001). Finally, 26 (19.4%) MLB and 56 (8.9%) minor league players required an ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction, rates that were significantly higher compared with players without a flexor strain ( P < .001). Conclusion: Flexor-pronator injuries are responsible for considerable time spent on the DL for elite players in MLB and the minor leagues. The most significant findings of this investigation illustrate that a flexor strain may be a significant risk factor for subsequent upper extremity injuries, including an ulnar collateral ligament tear.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document