Surviving the City: Urban Home Gardens and the Economy of Affection in the Brazilian Amazon

2005 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoinette M. G. A. WinklerPrins ◽  
Perpetuo S. de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Home Gardens ◽  
The City

scholarly journals Integration of Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 for Classification and LULC Mapping in the Urban Area of Belém, Eastern Brazilian Amazon

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 1140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Tavares ◽  
Norma Beltrão ◽  
Ulisses Guimarães ◽  
Ana Teodoro
Keyword(s):  
Optical Sensors ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Synthetic Aperture ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Cloud Coverage ◽  
Optical Images ◽  
Vegetation Indexes ◽  
Tropical Areas ◽  
The City ◽  
Sentinel 2

In tropical regions, such as in the Amazon, the use of optical sensors is limited by high cloud coverage throughout the year. As an alternative, Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) products could be used, alone or in combination with optical images, to monitor tropical areas. In this sense, we aimed to select the best Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) classification approach for tropical regions using Sentinel family products. We choose the city of Belém, Brazil, as the study area. Images of close dates from Sentinel-1 (S-1) and Sentinel-2 (S-2) were selected, preprocessed, segmented, and integrated to develop a machine learning LULC classification through a Random Forest (RF) classifier. We also combined textural image analysis (S-1) and vegetation indexes (S-2). A total of six LULC classifications were made. Results showed that the best overall accuracy (OA) was found for the integration of S-1 and S-2 (91.07%) data, followed by S-2 only (89.53%), and S-2 with radiometric indexes (89.45%). The worse result was for S-1 data only (56.01). For our analysis the integration of optical products in the stacking increased de OA in all classifications. However, we suggest the development of more investigations with S-1 products due to its importance for tropical regions.

A new species of Stenomicra Coquillett (Diptera: Periscelididae) from the Brazilian Amazon and its life history

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4407 (4) ◽  
pp. 591
Author(s):  
ELIANE SOLAR GOMES ◽  
ROSALY ALE-ROCHA ◽  
RUTH LEILA FERREIRA KEPPLER
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
New Species ◽  
Urban Forest ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Neotropical Region ◽  
Biological Information ◽  
Forest Fragment ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
The City ◽  
A New Species

A new species of Stenomicra is described for the Neotropical Region, from phytotelmata of Araceae at an urban forest fragment in the city of Manaus, state of Amazonas, Brazil. Morphological descriptions of the immatures and the adults (male and female) are provided, together with biological information on the life cycle of the species and its “host” plant. 

scholarly journals First Report on Yield and Chemical Composition of Essential Oil Extracted from Myrcia eximia DC (Myrtaceae) from the Brazilian Amazon

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 783
Author(s):  
Oberdan Oliveira Ferreira ◽  
Jorddy Neves da Cruz ◽  
Celeste de Jesus Pereira Franco ◽  
Sebastião Gomes Silva ◽  
Wanessa Almeida da Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Mass Yield ◽  
New Information ◽  
The City

The essential oil (EO) of plants of the Myrtaceae family has diverse chemical composition and several applications. However, data on the oil yield, its composition, and its complete chemistry are still unavailable for some species belonging to this family, such as Myrcia eximia DC. In this study, the chemical compositions of the EOs of Myrcia eximia were evaluated by using gas chromatography (GC) alone and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Samples for both evaluations were collected from the city of Magalhães Barata, State of Pará, Brazil, in 2017 and 2018. For the plant material collected in 2017, EO was obtained by hydrodistillation (HD) only, while, for the material collected in 2018, EO was obtained by hydrodistillation and steam distillation (SD), in order to evaluate the differences in chemical composition and mass yield of the EO. The yields of (E)-caryophyllene were 15.71% and 20.0% for the samples collected by HD in 2017 and 2018, respectively, while the yield was 15.0% for the sample collected by SD in 2018. Hexanal was found to be the major constituent in the EO obtained by HD, with yield of up to 26.09%. The oil yields reached 0.08% by using SD, and 0.01% and 0.36% for the samples collected in 2017 and 2018, respectively, using HD. The results of this study provide new information about the mass yield and chemical composition of Myrcia eximia DC, and they can add value and income to traditional populations, as well as facilitate the preservation of this species.

scholarly journals Issuances of Automotive Vehicles and the Impacts on Air Quality in the Largest City in the Brazilian Amazon

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 4091 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Cartaxo ◽  
Ilsa Valois ◽  
Vladimiro Miranda ◽  
Marcia Costa
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
World Health ◽  
Sampling Locations ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The City ◽  
Over Time

Manaus, a city of more than two million people, suffers problems arising from strong sunlight and aggravated by several factors, such as traffic congestion and greenhouse gas emissions generated by evaporation and burning of fuel. The present study examined Carbon Monoxide (CO) and Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) emissions in an urban area of the city using different methodologies. CO and NO2 were measured using automated and passive analyzers, respectively. Meanwhile, direct monitoring of these pollutants was performed in vehicular sources in the vicinity of sampling locations. Results showed that levels of carbon monoxide vary over time, being higher during peak movement of vehicles. NO2 values have exceeded the recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO), and monitoring at source showed high levels of CO and NO2 emissions to the atmosphere.

scholarly journals Interruption of lymphatic filariasis transmission in Manaus, a former focus of Wuchereria bancrofti in the Western Brazilian Amazon

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Marilaine Martins ◽  
Rebeca Cristina Souza Guimarães ◽  
Gilberto Fontes
Keyword(s):  
Lymphatic Filariasis ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Wuchereria Bancrofti ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
World Health ◽  
Circulating Filarial Antigens ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Rapid Tests ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The City

Objective. To confirm the absence of Wuchereria bancrofti autochthonous cases in Manaus, a former focus of lymphatic filariasis in the Western Brazilian Amazon. Methods. A field survey was carried out in 2016 using immunochromatographic rapid tests (ICT card) for the detection of circulating filarial antigens in blood. The sample included a group of 3 000 schoolchildren aged 6 to 10 years enrolled in schools from different urban areas of Manaus (including the former lymphatic filariasis focus in the city) and a group of 709 adolescents and adults, between the ages of 11 and 85 years, born and raised in different areas of Manaus. Results. All of the individuals tested negative for W. bancrofti antigen. Conclusions. Although Manaus was once considered endemic, this focus no longer seems to be active for lymphatic filariasis transmission. The results of this study could support the certification by the World Health Organization of the lymphatic filariasis transmission elimination exercise in Brazil.

scholarly journals A Novel Highly Divergent Strain of Cell Fusing Agent Virus (CFAV) in Mosquitoes from the Brazilian Amazon Region

Viruses ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Licia Natal Fernandes ◽  
Thaís de Moura Coletti ◽  
Fred Julio Costa Monteiro ◽  
Marlisson Octavio da Silva Rego ◽  
Edcelha Soares D’Athaide Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Amazon Region ◽  
Brazilian Amazon Region ◽  
Culex Flavivirus ◽  
Next Generation Sequencing Ngs ◽  
The City ◽  
Divergent Strain ◽  
Generation Sequencing ◽  
Culex Sp

Classical insect-specific flaviviruses (cISFs) have been widely detected in different countries in the last decades. Here, we characterize the near full-length genomes of two cISFs detected in mosquitoes collected in the city of Macapá, state of Amapá, Amazon region of Brazil. A total of 105 pools of female mosquitos were analyzed by next-generation sequencing (NGS). Comparative genomics and phylogenetic analysis identified three strains of cell fusing agent virus (CFAV) and two of Culex flavivirus (CxFV). All sequences were obtained from pools of Culex sp., except for one sequence of CFAV detected in a pool of Aedes aegypti. Both CxFV strains are phylogenetically related to a strain isolated in 2012 in the Southeast region of Brazil. The CFAV strains are the first of this species to be identified in Brazil and one of them is highly divergent from other strains of CFAV that have been detected worldwide. In conclusion, CFAV and CxFV, circulate in mosquitoes in Brazil. One strain of CFAV is highly divergent from others previously described, suggesting that a novel strain of CFAV is present in this region.

scholarly journals HISTÓRIA E MEMÓRIA DE UM MUNICÍPIO DA AMAZÔNIA a chegada do “progresso” em Moju/ PA (Década de 1980)

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
Fabiano De Oliveira Bringel ◽  
Elias Diniz Sacramento
Keyword(s):  
Scale Development ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
The State ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Japanese Immigration ◽  
The City

Este artigo tem por finalidade mostrar algumas transformações ocorridas em Moju, um município da Amazônia no inicio da década de 1980, quando a região foi ‘tomada’ pela chegada de diversos projetos agroindustriais pautados nos ideais desenvolvimentistas dos militares. Tais mudanças foram de grandes impactos para os moradores do município, onde ainda hoje tem em suas memórias esse difícil período da história. As diversas conectividades que o município começa a ter com expansão capitalista são destacadas como: a imigração japonesa, a opção rodoviarista, a instalação dos grandes projetos e a presença seletiva do Estado. Isso tudo discutido a partir da fala de lideranças camponesas na região. Palavras chaves: Moju, Amazônia, Projetos agroindustriais, desenvolvimento, conflitos. Abstract:This article aims to show some of the changes that occurred in Moju, a municipality in the Brazilian Amazon, during the early 1980s, when the region was 'taken over' by the arrival of several agroindustrial projects guided by the ideals of the developmentalist military. Such changes were of great impact for the residents of the city, who still remember this difficult period of history.  Among the most prominent changes the municipality began to experience with the capitalist expansion were Japanese immigration, the option of overland travel, the initiation of large-scale development projects, and the selective presence of the state.  This article discusses these changes from the perspective of the region’s rural peasant leadership. Keywords: Moju, Amazon, agroindustrial projects, development, conflict  ResumenEste artículo tiene como objetivo mostrar algunos cambios que ocurrieron en Moju, un pueblo de la Amazonía en la década de 1980, cuando la región fue 'tomada' por la llegada de varios proyectos agroindustriales guiadas por los ideales de los militares desarrollista. Estos cambios fueron de gran impacto para los residentes de la ciudad, que todavía tiene en sus memorias este difícil período de la historia . Las diversas conectividades que la ciudad comienza a tener con la expansión capitalista se destacan como la inmigración japonesa, la opción rodoviarista, la instalación de grandes proyectos y la presencia selectiva del estado. Todo esto se discute desde el discurso de los líderes campesinos de la región. Palabras clave: Moju, Amazon, proyectos agroindustriales, desarrollo, conflictos.

scholarly journals Morphological and molecular identification of ticks infesting Boa constrictor (Squamata, Boidae) in Manaus (Central Brazilian Amazon)

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 539-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Costa Fiorini ◽  
Adriana Bentes Craveiro ◽  
Márcia Cristina Mendes ◽  
Laerzio Chiesorin Neto ◽  
Ronis Da Silveira
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Molecular Marker ◽  
Molecular Identification ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Morphological Identification ◽  
Boa Constrictor ◽  
The City

The Boa constrictor is one of the world's largest vertebrate carnivores and is often found in urban areas in the city of Manaus, Brazil. The morphological identification of ticks collected from 27 snakes indicated the occurrence of Amblyomma dissimile Koch 1844 on all individuals sampled. In contrast, Amblyomma rotundatum Koch was found on only two snakes. An analysis of the 16S rRNA molecular marker confirmed the morphological identification of these ectoparasites.

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