Transforming Congressional Studies: The Role of Gender - Cindy Simon Rosenthal, ed. Women Transforming Congress. (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2002. pp. vii–448. $44.95, cloth; $29.95, paper.); Michele L. Swers. The Difference Women Make: The Policy Impact of Women in Congress. (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2002. pp. viii–194. $45.00, cloth; $16.00, paper.).

2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 359-362
Author(s):  
Nancy Beck Young
Keyword(s):  
Policy Impact ◽  
University Of Chicago ◽  
University Of Oklahoma ◽  
The Difference ◽  
University Of Chicago Press

Assessing the Role of Vergence Changes in the Perception of Random-Dot Stereograms by Using Open-Loop Control of Vergence

Perception ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 25 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 131-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
B J Rogers ◽  
M F Bradshaw
Keyword(s):  
Open Loop ◽  
Open Loop Control ◽  
Complex Surfaces ◽  
Loop Control ◽  
Random Dot Stereograms ◽  
Disparity Range ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Random Dot Stereogram ◽  
University Of Chicago Press

The fact that the 3-D shape of surfaces depicted by random dot stereograms can take several seconds or even tens of seconds to appear has been attributed to the failure to make appropriate vergence changes [B Julesz, 1971 Foundations of Cyclopean Perception (Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press)]. Alternatively, the long latencies could be a consequence of the processing time needed to match the disparate images. To distinguish between these possibilities we measured perceptual latencies in a situation in which vergence changes had no effect on retinal disparities. To do this, horizontal eye movements were recorded with the aid of close-fitting scleral search coils in both eyes and the difference signal used to shift horizontally the two halves of a random-dot stereogram by equal and opposite amounts. When the amount of shift was equal to the magnitude of the vergence change, changes of vergence had no effect on the pattern of disparities—open-loop vergence. Three observers were presented with a sequence of stereograms depicting both ‘simple’ surfaces (a single square lying in front of the surround) and ‘complex’ surfaces, including spirals, ‘wedding cakes’, and saddle shapes under both normal and open-loop conditions. Under open-loop conditions, the complete 3-D shape was never perceived when the disparity range of the stereogram was large (>40 min arc), demonstrating the necessity of vergence changes, but the 3-D structure of ‘complex’ surfaces did build up over a period of several seconds indicating a separate disparity processing limitation.

Photography as a Small Language: Interview with Robert Hariman

2017 ◽  
pp. 10-13
Author(s):  
Ilija Tomanić Trivundža ◽  
Robert Hariman
Keyword(s):  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Political Efficacy ◽  
Public Image ◽  
Politics Of Representation ◽  
Main Argument ◽  
University Of Chicago ◽  
The Public ◽  
University Of Chicago Press

In the interview, Robert Hariman talks about his latest co-authored book The Public Image: Photography and Civic Spectatorship (University of Chicago Press, 2016), presenting the main argument that they put forward with John Louis Lucaites – that a paradigm shift is needed within the field of photographic theory in order to understand the changing social role of photography in contemporary societies. They argue for a redefinition of the medium’s “burden of representation”, embracing its limitations and treating it as a “small language”, firmly embedded within the notion of the vernacular. This move beyond simple politics of representation, he argues, should however not be apolitical. In fact, the paradigm shift is needed to re-politicise photography and therefore increase its political efficacy in the wake of unsustainability of the dominant neoliberal socio-economic order and the specific catastrophic idea of progress which it promotes. Keywords: capitalism, grimace, modernity, photography theory, progress, Robert Hariman

Re-reading Friedrich Hayek and Karl Polanyi in the Late-Modern Condition of Fragility

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taesuh Cha
Keyword(s):  
University Of Chicago ◽  
Karl Polanyi ◽  
Neoliberal Capitalism ◽  
Modern Capitalism ◽  
The Social ◽  
William Connolly ◽  
Duke University ◽  
Late Modern ◽  
University Of Chicago Press

The cardinal role of complexity in Friedrich Hayek’s theory of the market has hardly gone unnoticed. Indeed, there is now a considerable corpus of literature that has established the importance of spontaneity as a central concept around which neoliberal economic theory revolves. However, as William Connolly analyzes, its closed conception of economic processes simplifies real economic volatilities and ignores both modes of self-organization and creativity found in democracy and social movements that periodically irrupt into market processes. This article builds upon this critique of neoliberalism and employs Karl Polanyi’s genealogy of modern capitalism to understand historical imbrications between the market and the social and their contribution to the fragility of capitalism. Polanyi’s notions of “(dis-)embeddedness” and the “double movement” not only show us a more “complex” view of modern political economy but also provide us with important lessons for political responses to the recent crisis of neoliberal capitalism. Connolly WE (2013) The Fragility of Things: Self-Organizing Processes, Neoliberal Fantasies, and Democratic Activism. Durham: Duke University Press. Hayek F (1973) Rules and Order. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Hayek F (1976) The Mirage of Social Justice. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Polanyi K (1944) The Great Transformation: The Political and Economic Origins of Our Time. Boston: Beacon Press.

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