Health Status, Diseases, and Economic Development: A Cross-Country Analysis

2006 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Halima A. Qureshi ◽  
Hasina A. Mohyuddin
1994 ◽  
Vol 33 (4II) ◽  
pp. 745-758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rehana Siddiqui ◽  
Mir Annice Mahmood

An analysis of health status is an important aspect of human resource development. Improvements in health do not only improve the productivity of the labour force, but they also help to improve the impact of other forms of human capital formation, e.g. education. In most developing countries health status is difficult to determine as the question arises as to what measures should be used as indicators of health status. At a general level most of the demand or production function considerations are obtained by aggregating over the micro factors. I However, in the case of health status micro and macro measures may not be perfectly correlated; In most cross-country studies life expectancy at birth or the infant mortality rate are taken as indicators of health status. Other measures which can be used to indicate such improvements in health status are age and diseasespecifrc mortality or morbidity and life expectancy. However, the improvement in health status can be observed most obviously from increases in life expectancy which is a better measure for cross country comparison than age and diseasespecific mortality or morbidity, which are more difficult to compare at the international level.


2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-182
Author(s):  
Raul Beal Partyka ◽  
Jailson Lana

This study intends to further expand the research on the connection between word-of-mouth (WOM) and customer loyalty, observing the effect of action loyalty on WOM of e-consumer in Este estudo pretende ampliar as pesquisas sobre a conexão entre boca a boca (WOM) e fidelização de clientes, observando o efeito da lealdade de ação sobre o WOM do consumidor online, em uma análise entre brasileiros e suecos. Usamos um método quantitativo por meio de survey, com consumidores residentes na Suécia e no Brasil. O teste de hipóteses foi realizado por meio de análise de regressão. Embora os países pesquisados ​​tenham diferentes estágios de industrialização e de desenvolvimento econômico, cada um com características únicas em relação às suas culturas nacionais, não há evidências de diferenças no WOM no efeito moderador da lealdade de ação. A principal contribuição deste estudo é o desenvolvimento e análise do efeito da lealdade de ação sobre o WOM e a respectiva diferença entre Brasil e Suécia. Os resultados são úteis para que os profissionais de varejo concentrem seus recursos no WOM entre os clientes que têm uma conexão pessoal entre si, a fim de fidelizar os clientes. Assim, este trabalho representa uma nova contribuição empírica para o campo do WOM, principalmente devido à abordagem da fidelização do cliente de consumidores online, especificamente quanto ao nível da lealdade (comportamento) apresentada.a cross-country analysis, between Brazilians and Swedes. We use a quantitative method by collecting answers from a survey, with consumers living in Sweden and in Brazil. The hypotheses test was realized by regression analysis. Although the countries surveyed have different stages of industrialization and economic development, each with unique characteristics in relation to their national cultures, there is no evidence of differences on WOM in the moderating effect of action loyalty. The main contribution of this study is the development and analysis of the effect of loyalty on WOM and the respective difference between Brazil and Sweden. The results are useful for retail professionals to focus their resources on WOM among customers who have a personal connection with each other, in order to gain customer loyalty. Thus, this work represents a new empirical contribution to the WOM field, mainly due to the approach being in online consumers, and to customer loyalty, specifically as the loyalty to the action (behavior) displayed by the customers.


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