Comparative Study of Genetic Variation at 15 STR Loci in Three Isolated Populations of the Bosnian Mountain Area

Human Biology ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Marjanovic ◽  
L Kapur ◽  
K Drobnic ◽  
Bruce Budowle ◽  
N Pojskic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Isolated Populations ◽  
Mountain Area ◽  
Str Loci

Genetic variation of 15 autosomal STR loci in Upper (Southern) Egyptians

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. e39-e44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghada A. Omran ◽  
Guy N. Rutty ◽  
Mark A. Jobling
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Str Loci ◽  
Autosomal Str

Genetic variation of 13 STR loci in the four endogamous tribal populations of Eastern India

2007 ◽  
Vol 169 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 266-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.S. Mastana ◽  
B. Murry ◽  
M.P. Sachdeva ◽  
K. Das ◽  
D. Young ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Eastern India ◽  
Str Loci ◽  
Tribal Populations

Genetic variation at nine STR loci in populations from the Philippines and Thailand living in Taiwan

1999 ◽  
Vol 106 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang-En Pu ◽  
Ching-Mei Hsieh ◽  
Meng-Yi Chen ◽  
Fang-Chin Wu ◽  
Chien-Feng Sun
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Str Loci

Inbreeding and Inbreeding Depression

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald M. Waller ◽  
Lukas F. Keller
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Inbreeding Depression ◽  
Charles Darwin ◽  
Extinction Risk ◽  
Random Mating ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Great Length ◽  
Genetic Rescue ◽  
Isolated Populations ◽  
Genetic Transmission

Inbreeding (also referred to as “consanguinity”) occurs when mates are related to each other due to incest, assortative mating, small population size, or population sub-structuring. Inbreeding results in an excess of homozygotes and hence a deficiency of heterozygotes. This, in turn, exposes recessive genetic variation otherwise hidden by heterozygosity with dominant alleles relative to random mating. Interest in inbreeding arose from its use in animal and plant breeding programs to expose such variation and to fix variants in genetically homogenous lines. Starting with Gregor Mendel’s experiments with peas, geneticists have widely exploited inbreeding as a research tool, leading R. C. Lewontin to conclude that “Every discovery in classical and population genetics has depended on some sort of inbreeding experiment” (see Lewontin’s 1965 article “The Theory of Inbreeding.” Science 150:1800–1801). Charles Darwin wrote an entire book on the effects of inbreeding as measured in fifty-two taxa of plants. He and others noted that most plants and animals go to great length to avoid inbreeding, suggesting that inbreeding has high costs that often outweigh the benefits of inbreeding. Benefits of inbreeding include increased genetic transmission while the costs of inbreeding manifest as inbreeding depression when deleterious, mostly recessive alleles otherwise hidden as heterozygotes emerge in homozygote form upon inbreeding. Inbreeding also reduces fitness when heterozygotes are more fit than both homozygotes, but such overdominance is rare. Recurrent mutation continuously generates deleterious recessive alleles that create a genetic “load” of deleterious mutations mostly hidden within heterozygotes in outcrossing populations. Upon inbreeding, the load is expressed when deleterious alleles segregate as homozygotes, causing often substantial inbreeding depression. Although inbreeding alone does not change allele frequencies, it does redistribute genetic variation, reducing it within families or populations while increasing it among families or populations. Inbreeding also increases selection by exposing deleterious recessive mutations, a process called purging that can deplete genetic variation. For all these reasons, inbreeding is a central concept in evolutionary biology. Inbreeding is also central to conservation biology as small and isolated populations become prone to inbreeding and thus suffer inbreeding depression. Inbreeding can reduce population viability and increase extinction risk by reducing individual survival and/or reproduction. Such effects can often be reversed, however, by introducing new genetic material that re-establishes heterozygosity (“genetic rescue”). The current availability of DNA sequence and expression data is now allowing more detailed analyses of the causes and evolutionary consequences of inbreeding.

scholarly journals Spatial Structure and Genetic Variation of a Mangrove Species (Avicennia marina (Forssk.) Vierh) in the Farasan Archipelago

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1287
Author(s):  
Rahmah N. Al-Qthanin ◽  
Samah A. Alharbi
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Species Conservation ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Avicennia Marina ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Isolated Populations ◽  
Mangrove Species ◽  
Population Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Sea Currents

Avicennia marina (Forssk.) Vierh is distributed in patches along the Farasan archipelago coast and is the most common mangrove species in the Red Sea. However, to date, no studies have been directed towards understanding its genetic variation in the Farasan archipelago. In this investigation, genetic variations within and among natural populations of Avicennia marina in the Farasan archipelago were studied using 15 microsatellite markers. The study found 142 alleles on 15 loci in nine populations. The observed (Ho) and expected (He) heterozygosity values were 0.351 and 0.391, respectively, which are much lower than those of earlier studies on A. marina in the Arabian Gulf. An inbreeding effect from self-pollination might explain its heterozygote deficiency. Population genetic differentiation (FST = 0.301) was similar to other mangrove species. Our findings suggest that the sea current direction and coastal geomorphology might affect genetic dispersal of A. marina. The more isolated populations with fewer connections by sea currents exhibited lower genetic variation and differentiation between populations. The genetic clustering of populations fell into three main groups—Group 1 (populations of Farasan Alkabir Island), Group 2 (populations of Sajid Island), and Group 3 (mix of one population of Farasan Alkabir Island and a population of Zifaf Island). More genetic variation and less genetic differentiation occurred when the population was not isolated and had a direct connection with sea currents. Both of these factors contributed to limited propagule dispersal and produced significant structures among the population. It is expected that the results of this research will be useful in determining policy and species-conservation strategies and in the rehabilitation of A. marina mangrove stands on the Farasan islands in an effort to save this significant natural resource.

Genetic variation of 23 STR loci in a Northeast Colombian population (department of Santander)

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-35
Author(s):  
A. Castillo ◽  
A. Pico ◽  
A. Gil ◽  
L. Gusmão ◽  
C. Vargas
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Str Loci

Genetic variation of 20 autosomal STR loci in the Han nationality in Central Yunnan, Southwest China

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 101807
Author(s):  
Xiaoxiao Lu ◽  
Shuo Yang ◽  
Yanling Jiang ◽  
Kuan Li ◽  
Fei Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
Str Loci ◽  
Han Nationality ◽  
Autosomal Str

Genetic variation of STR loci D3S1358, TH01, D21S11, D18S51, Penta E, D5S818, D13S317, D7S820, D16S539, CSF1PO, Penta D, vWA, D8S1179, TPOX and FGA by GenePrint PowerPlex 16 in a Polish population

2006 ◽  
Vol 159 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 241-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ireneusz Soltyszewski ◽  
Magdalena Spolnicka ◽  
Ewa Kartasinska ◽  
Magda Konarzewska ◽  
Witold Pepinski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Polish Population ◽  
Str Loci
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