Averting Disaster: The Hudson's Bay Company and Smallpox in Western Canada during the Late Eighteenth and Early Nineteenth Centuries

2004 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 575-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. Paul (Frederick John Paul) Hackett
Keyword(s):  
Western Canada ◽  
Hudson's Bay Company ◽  
Late Eighteenth ◽  
Hudson’S Bay Company

scholarly journals The Hudson’s Bay Company as a Context for Science in the Columbia Department

2009 ◽  
Vol 31 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 67-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Schefke
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Fur Trade ◽  
Research Priorities ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Hudson's Bay Company ◽  
Hudson’S Bay Company

Abstract This article aims to elucidate and analyze the links between science, specifically natural history, and the imperialist project in what is now the northwestern United States and western Canada. Imperialism in this region found its expression through institutions such as the Hudson’s Bay Company (HBC). I examine the activities of naturalists such as David Douglas and William Tolmie Fraser in the context of the fur trade in the Columbia Department. Here I show how natural history aided Britain in achieving its economic and political goals in the region. The key to this interpretation is to extend the role of the HBC as an imperial factor to encompass its role as a patron for natural history. This gives a better understanding of the ways in which imperialism—construed as mercantile, rather than military—delineated research priorities and activities of the naturalists who worked in the Columbia Department.

How Audited Financial Statements Facilitated Shareholder Activism for the Colonization of Western Canada

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-56
Author(s):  
Gary P. Spraakman ◽  
Alison Kemper ◽  
Ken Ogata
Keyword(s):  
Small Group ◽  
Shareholder Activism ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Rent Seeking ◽  
Financial Statement ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Hudson's Bay Company ◽  
Canadian Government ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Hudson’S Bay Company

ABSTRACT In 1863, ownership of the Hudson's Bay Company (HBC) was transferred from a small group of patient shareholders to a much larger group of rent-seeking investors. These new shareholders obliged the HBC to introduce audited financial statements beginning in 1866. These shareholders assumed that audited financial statements were credible artifacts for sharing in the HBC's wealth (by facilitating the sale of the HBC's Charter to the Canadian Government, thereby enabling the creation of Western Canada). This paper contributes to the literature by showing how audited financial statements enable shareholders to become more knowledgeable about a company's prospects through emancipatory accounting, and thereby to be more demanding of management for performance. The underlying conjecture that financial statement knowledge leads to shareholder activism was not disproved.

Discouraging the Use of a Common Resource: The Crees of Saskatchewan

1981 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Harper-Fender
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Fur Trade ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Economic Study ◽  
Hudson's Bay Company ◽  
Economic Adjustment ◽  
Late Eighteenth ◽  
Common Resource ◽  
Fur Traders ◽  
Hudson’S Bay Company

The Crees of Saskatchewan adjusted their economic life in reaction to their long and interdependent relationship with European fur traders. For the period from the late eighteenth through the mid-nineteenth century, this paper examines one aspect of the Crees' economic adjustment to the fur trade, the limiting of access to the land and its resources to conserve the fragile supply of furbearmg animals. Hudson's Bay Company documents and studies by anthropologists provide the basis for this economic study.

Hudson's Bay Company ship's logbooks: a source of far North Atlantic weather data

Polar Record ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catharine Ward ◽  
Dennis Wheeler
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Satellite Monitoring ◽  
Hudson's Bay Company ◽  
Far North ◽  
Unique Character ◽  
Late Eighteenth ◽  
Hudson’S Bay Company

ABSTRACTThe Arctic region is widely recognised to be one of the most sensitive to climate change. Here, the consequences of current trends will be felt most keenly; ice cap melting and thinning and the consequent implications for sea level rise and loss of habitat may be profound. Yet these regions remain amongst the most poorly chronicled. Recent advances in satellite monitoring and instrumental observations now provide valuable information, but this record extends over little more than half a century. For earlier times, the record is, at best, patchy and inconsistent. This is not, however, to imply that all such data and information have been recognised and fully exploited. This is far from the case and this paper draws attention to largely overlooked documentary sources that can extend our knowledge of the far North Atlantic climate back to the late eighteenth century. These documents consist of the logbooks of sailing ships navigating those hazardous waters in the late eighteenth and early- to mid-nineteenth centuries.This paper focuses specifically on those logbooks kept on board Hudson's Bay Company (HBC) ships on their regular annual voyages between the UK and Hudson's Bay between 1760 and 1870. The information they contain is shown to be detailed, reliable and of unique character for the period and place. The style and form of presentation of the logbooks is reviewed and particularly those aspects that deal with the daily meteorological information they contain. Attention is also drawn to the high degree of homogeneity found in the logbooks in terms of presentation and methods of preparation, rendering them directly and helpfully comparable one with another. A specific example is offered of the benefits of using these data and it is proposed that this set of logbooks, when taken collectively and, embracing as it does over a century from 1750 provides a matchless, substantial and uniformly reliable source of oceanic weather information for the far North Atlantic for what can be regarded as the ‘pre-instrumental’ period (before 1850).

scholarly journals THE FREEZING OF INSECTS

1898 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 287-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry H. Lyman
Keyword(s):  
Hudson's Bay Company ◽  
Entomological Society ◽  
North West ◽  
Copper Mines ◽  
Hudson’S Bay Company

In the 22nd Report of the Entomological Society of Ontario, being that for 1891, there appeared a paper from my pen under the title “Can Insects Survive Freezing?”I have recently come across further records of observations upon this subject, and deem them of sufficient interest to be republished in the Canadian Entomologist.In looking over and interesting book of travels entitled “A Journey from Prince of Wales's Fort in Hudson's Bay to the Northern Ocean, undertaken by order of the Hudson's Bay Company for the discovery of copper mines, a north-west passage, etc., in the years 1769, 1770, 1771 and 1772, by Samuel Hearne,” published in 1796, I came across the following interesting notes on page 397

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