scholarly journals ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF POLLEN-MEDIATED GENE FLOW FROM GM HERBICIDE TOLERANT BRASSICA NAPUS INTO COMMON WILD RELATIVES IN IRELAND

2012 ◽  
Vol 112B (3) ◽  
pp. 257-266
Author(s):  
Marcus J. Collier ◽  
Ewen Mullins
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Wild Relatives ◽  
Herbicide Tolerant ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Spontaneous gene flow from rapeseed ( Brassica napus ) to wild Brassica oleracea

2006 ◽  
Vol 273 (1605) ◽  
pp. 3111-3115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline S Ford ◽  
Joël Allainguillaume ◽  
Phil Grilli-Chantler ◽  
Giulia Cuccato ◽  
Charlotte J Allender ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Gene Flow ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Environmental Risks ◽  
Wild Relatives ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
In The Wild

Research on the environmental risks of gene flow from genetically modified (GM) crops to wild relatives has traditionally emphasized recipients yielding most hybrids. For GM rapeseed ( Brassica napus ), interest has centred on the ‘frequently hybridizing’ Brassica rapa over relatives such as Brassica oleracea , where spontaneous hybrids are unreported in the wild. In two sites, where rapeseed and wild B. oleracea grow together, we used flow cytometry and crop-specific microsatellite markers to identify one triploid F 1 hybrid, together with nine diploid and two near triploid introgressants. Given the newly discovered capacity for spontaneous introgression into B. oleracea , we then surveyed associated flora and fauna to evaluate the capacity of both recipients to harm cohabitant species with acknowledged conservational importance. Only B. oleracea occupies rich communities containing species afforded legislative protection; these include one rare micromoth species that feeds on B. oleracea and warrants further assessment. We conclude that increased attention should now focus on B. oleracea and similar species that yield few crop-hybrids, but possess scope to affect rare or endangered associates.

Inter-specific Gene Flow from Herbicide-Tolerant Crops to their Wild Relatives

2017 ◽  
pp. 87-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit J. Jhala ◽  
Debalin Sarangi ◽  
Parminder Chahal ◽  
Ashish Saxena ◽  
Muthukumar Bagavathiannan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Wild Relatives ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Herbicide Tolerant

GIS assessment of the risk of gene flow from Brassica napus to its wild relatives in China

2018 ◽  
Vol 190 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing-jing Dong ◽  
Ming-gang Zhang ◽  
Wei Wei ◽  
Ke-ping Ma ◽  
Ying-hao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Wild Relatives

scholarly journals Contemporary evolution of maize landraces and their wild relatives influenced by gene flow with modern maize varieties

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (42) ◽  
pp. 21302-21311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Idalia C. Rojas-Barrera ◽  
Ana Wegier ◽  
José de Jesús Sánchez González ◽  
Gregory L. Owens ◽  
Loren H. Rieseberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Genotyping By Sequencing ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Wild Relatives ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Modern Maize ◽  
Maize Landraces ◽  
Genetic Pools ◽  
The Impact

Mexico is recognized as the center of origin and domestication of maize. Introduction of modern maize varieties (MVs) into Mexico raised concerns regarding the possible effects of gene flow from MVs into maize landraces (LRs) and their wild relatives (WRs), teosintes. However, after more than 60 y from the release of the first MVs, the impact of the sympatry with LRs and their WRs has not been explored with genetic data. In this work, we assessed changes in the genomes of 7 maize LRs and 2 WR subspecies from collections spanning over 70 y. We compared the genotypes obtained by genotyping by sequencing (GBS) for LRs and WRs before and after the adoption of MVs, and observed introgression from sympatric MVs into LRs and into the WR Zea mays ssp. mexicana sampled after the year 2000. We also found a decrease in the paired divergence index (FST) between MV-LR and MV-WR over the same time frame. Moreover, we determined that LR genetic diversity increased after 2000, probably as a result of gene flow from MVs introduced in the 1990s. Our findings allowed us to identify ongoing changes in the domesticated and wild maize genetic pools, and concur with previous works that have evaluated short-term gene flow from MVs into LRs in other crops. Our approach represents a useful tool for tracking evolutionary change in wild and domesticated genetic resources, as well as for developing strategies for their conservation.

scholarly journals Assessing the effect of phenotyping scoring systems and SNP calling and filtering methods on detection of QTL associated with reaction of Brassica napus to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fereshteh Shahoveisi ◽  
Atena Oladzad ◽  
Luis E. del Rio Mendoza ◽  
Seyedali Hosseinirad ◽  
Susan Ruud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Missing Data ◽  
Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽  
Scoring Systems ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Lesion Length ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Qtl Detection ◽  
Snp Calling ◽  
The Impact

The polyploid nature of canola (Brassica napus) represents a challenge for the accurate identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and the detection of quantitative trait loci (QTL). In this study, combinations of eight phenotyping scoring systems and six SNP calling and filtering parameters were evaluated for their efficiency in detection of QTL associated with response to Sclerotinia stem rot, caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, in two doubled haploid (DH) canola mapping populations. Most QTL were detected in lesion length, relative areas under the disease progress curve (rAUDPC) for lesion length, and binomial-plant mortality data sets. Binomial data derived from lesion size were less efficient in QTL detection. Inclusion of additional phenotypic sets to the analysis increased the numbers of significant QTL by 2.3-fold; however, the continuous data sets were more efficient. Between two filtering parameters used to analyze genotyping by sequencing (GBS) data, imputation of missing data increased QTL detection in one population with a high level of missing data but not in the other. Inclusion of segregation-distorted SNPs increased QTL detection but did not impact their R2 values significantly. Twelve of the 16 detected QTL were on chromosomes A02 and C01, and the rest were on A07, A09, and C03. Marker A02-7594120, associated with a QTL on chromosome A02 was detected in both populations. Results of this study suggest the impact of genotypic variant calling and filtering parameters may be population dependent while deriving additional phenotyping scoring systems such as rAUDPC datasets and mortality binary may improve QTL detection efficiency.

scholarly journals Long-Term Reciprocal Gene Flow in Wild and Domestic Geese Reveals Complex Domestication History

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 3061-3070 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marja E Heikkinen ◽  
Minna Ruokonen ◽  
Thomas A White ◽  
Michelle M Alexander ◽  
İslam Gündüz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Wild Form ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Anser Anser ◽  
Domestic Species ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Domestication Process ◽  
Historical Writings ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Hybridization has frequently been observed between wild and domestic species and can substantially impact genetic diversity of both counterparts. Geese show some of the highest levels of interspecific hybridization across all bird orders, and two of the goose species in the genus Anser have been domesticated providing an excellent opportunity for a joint study of domestication and hybridization. Until now, knowledge of the details of the goose domestication process has come from archaeological findings and historical writings supplemented with a few studies based on mitochondrial DNA. Here, we used genome-wide markers to make the first genome-based inference of the timing of European goose domestication. We also analyzed the impact of hybridization on the genome-wide genetic variation in current populations of the European domestic goose and its wild progenitor: the graylag goose (Anser anser). Our dataset consisted of 58 wild graylags sampled around Eurasia and 75 domestic geese representing 14 breeds genotyped for 33,527 single nucleotide polymorphisms. Demographic reconstruction and clustering analysis suggested that divergence between wild and domestic geese around 5,300 generations ago was followed by long-term genetic exchange, and that graylag populations have 3.2–58.0% admixture proportions with domestic geese, with distinct geographic patterns. Surprisingly, many modern European breeds share considerable (> 10%) ancestry with the Chinese domestic geese that is derived from the swan goose Anser cygnoid. We show that the domestication process can progress despite continued and pervasive gene flow from the wild form.

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