Volcanism and History on the Northern Alaska Peninsula

2004 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. Dumond
Keyword(s):  
Alaska Peninsula ◽  
Northern Alaska

Norton Hunters and Fisherfolk

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Don Dumond
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Coastal Resources ◽  
Bering Strait ◽  
The South ◽  
Alaska Peninsula ◽  
Stone Artifacts ◽  
Chipped Stone ◽  
The North ◽  
Northern Alaska

By the late centuries B.C., occupations assigned to Norton people are reported from a southern point on the Alaska Peninsula, then north and eastward along coastal areas to a point east of the present border with Canada. The relatively uniform material culture suggests origin from the north and west (pottery from Asia, chipped-stone artifacts from predecessors in northern Alaska), as well as from the south and east (lip ornaments or labrets, and pecked-stone lamps burning sea-mammal oil). In early centuries A.D., Norton people north and east of Bering Strait yielded to Asian-influenced peoples more strongly focused on coastal resources, while those south of the Strait collected in sites along salmon-rich streams where they developed with increasing sedentarism until about A.D. 1000, when final Thule-related expansion along coasts from the north displaced or incorporated Norton remnants.

scholarly journals Identifying Kittlitz's Murrelet Nesting Habitat in North America at the Landscape Scale

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan J. Felis ◽  
Michelle L. Kissling ◽  
Robb S.A. Kaler ◽  
Leah A. Kenney ◽  
Matthew J. Lawonn
Keyword(s):  
Population Decline ◽  
Landscape Scale ◽  
Aleutian Islands ◽  
Nesting Habitat ◽  
Alaska Peninsula ◽  
Scale Parameters ◽  
Kodiak Island ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Northern Alaska ◽  
Parameter Values

Abstract The Kittlitz's murrelet Brachyramphus brevirostris is a small, noncolonial seabird endemic to marine waters of Alaska and eastern Russia that may have experienced significant population decline in recent decades, in part because of low reproductive success and terrestrial threats. Although recent studies have shed new light on Kittlitz's murrelet nesting habitat in a few discrete areas, the location and extent of suitable nesting habitat throughout most of its range remains unclear. Here, we have compiled all existing nest records and locations to identify landscape-scale parameters (distance to coast, elevation, slope, and land cover) that provide potential nesting habitat in four regions: northern Alaska, Aleutian Islands, Alaska Peninsula Mountains and Kodiak Island, and Pacific Coastal Mountains (including nearshore interior Canada). We produced a final map classifying 12% (70,411 km2) of the lands assessed as potential Kittlitz's murrelet nesting habitat, with dense but distinct patches in northern Alaska and a more uninterrupted, narrow band extending across the Pacific Coastal Mountains, Alaska Peninsula Mountains, and Aleutian Islands. The extent of habitat-capable parameter values varied regionally, indicating that the Kittlitz's murrelet may be able to use a variety of habitats for nesting, depending on availability. Future nesting habitat studies could employ spatially random sampling designs to allow for quantitatively robust modeling of nesting habitat and predictive extrapolation to areas where nests have not been located but likely exist.

scholarly journals Natality and calf mortality of the Northern Alaska Peninsula and Southern Alaska Peninsula caribou herds

Rangifer ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A. Sellers ◽  
Patrick Valkenburg ◽  
Ronald C. Squibb ◽  
Bruce W. Dale ◽  
Randall L. Zarnke
Keyword(s):  
Rangifer Tarandus ◽  
Ursus Arctos ◽  
Haliaeetus Leucocephalus ◽  
Bald Eagles ◽  
Alaska Peninsula ◽  
Golden Eagles ◽  
Calf Mortality ◽  
Northern Alaska ◽  
Old Females ◽  
Annual Mortality

We studied natality in the Northern Alaska Peninsula (NAP) and Southern Alaska Peninsula (SAP) caribou (Rangifer tarandus granti) herds during 1996-1999, and mortality and weights of calves during 1998 and 1999- Natality was lower in the NAP than the SAP primarily because most 3-year-old females did not produce calves in the NAP Patterns of calf mortality in the NAP and SAP differed from those in Interior Alaska primarily because neonatal (i.e., during the first 2 weeks of life) mortality was relatively low, but mortality continued to be significant through August in both herds, and aggregate annual mortality was extreme (86%) in the NAP Predators probably killed more neonatal calves in the SAP, primarily because a wolf den (Canis lupus) was located on the calving area. Despite the relatively high density of brown bears (Ursus arctos) and bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus), these predators killed surprisingly few calves. Golden eagles (Aquila chrysaetos) were uncommon on the Alaska Peninsula. At least 2 calves apparently died from pneu¬monia in the range of the NAP but none were suspected to have died from disease in the range of the SAP. Heavy scav¬enging by bald eagles complicated determining cause of death of calves in both the NAP and SAP.

scholarly journals Population dynamics of caribou herds in southwestern Alaska

Rangifer ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Valkenburg ◽  
Richard A. Sellers ◽  
Ronald C. Squibb ◽  
James D. Woolington ◽  
Andrew R. Aderman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rangifer Tarandus ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Population Declines ◽  
Red Foxes ◽  
Alaska Peninsula ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Northern Alaska ◽  
Significant Mortality ◽  
Southwestern Alaska

The five naturally occurring and one transplanted caribou (Rangifer tarandus granti) herd in southwestern Alaska composed about 20% of Alaska's caribou population in 2001. All five of the naturally occurring herds fluctuated considerably in size between the late 1800s and 2001 and for some herds the data provide an indication of long-term periodic (40-50 year) fluctuations. At the present time, the Unimak (UCH) and Southern Alaska Peninsula (SAP) are recovering from population declines, the Northern Alaska Peninsula Herd (NAP) appears to be nearing the end of a protracted decline, and the Mulchatna Herd (MCH) appears to now be declining after 20 years of rapid growth. The remaining naturally occurring herd (Kilbuck) has virtually disappeared. Nutrition had a significant effect on the size of 4-month-old and 10-month-old calves in the NAP and the Nushagak Peninsula Herd (NPCH) and probably also on population growth in at least 4 (SAP, NAP, NPCH, and MCH) of the six caribou herds in southwestern Alaska. Predation does not appear to be sufficient to keep caribou herds in southwestern Alaska from expanding, probably because rabies is endemic in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) and is periodically transferred to wolves (Canis lupus) and other canids. However, we found evidence that pneumonia and hoof rot may result in significant mortality of caribou in southwestern Alaska, whereas there is no evidence that disease is important in the dynamics of Interior herds. Cooperative conservation programs, such as the Kilbuck Caribou Management Plan, can be successful in restraining traditional harvest and promoting growth in caribou herds. In southwestern Alaska we also found evidence that small caribou herds can be swamped and assimilated by large herds, and fidelity to traditional calving areas can be lost.

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